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Coping Strategies and Depression among Male Inmates of a Nigerian Correctional Facility:A Cross-sectional Study

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2024年第2期10卷 92-98页

作者： Alexander Adam Audu Chidi John Okafor Owoidoho Udofia Emmanuel aniekan Essien Bassey Eyo edet Emmanuel Omamurhomu Olose Department of Clinical Services Federal Neuropsychiatric HospitalCalabarNigeria Department of Psychiatry University of Calabar Teaching HospitalCalabarNigeria

Background:Researchers have consistently found higher rates of mental illnesses,especially depression,in prison populations compared to the general *** though specific coping strategies have been implicated as a factor influencing the mental well-being of inmates,little is known about this interplay in resource-poor *** study aimed to investigate the relationship between coping strategies and depression among inmates of a prison in *** and Methods:This was a two-stage cross-sectional study involving 269 inmates of Calabar Prison,*** were administered a sociodemographic questionnaire,the Coping Strategies Inventory-Short Form,and the General Health Questionnaire-12(GHQ-12).Respondents who scored≥3 on the GHQ-12 together with 10%of low scorers proceeded to the second stage for an interview using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric ***:The prevalence of depression among study participants was 30.5%.Emotion-focused disengagement coping strategies(odds ratio[OR]:1.12,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.05-1.20)and a history of mental illness before imprisonment(OR:3.4,95%CI:1.34-8.57)significantly predicted depression,whereas problem-focused engagement was protective(OR:1.92,95%CI:0.86-0.98).Conclusion:Compared to the general population,depression is more common among prison inmates and is associated with using specific coping *** strategies deserve increasing consideration when planning mental health intervention programs for this population.

关键词： Coping strategies depression inmates mental illness prison

Tin-based metal bath heat treatment: an efficient and recyclable green approach for Pinus massoniana wood modification

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第6期29卷 1807-1814页

作者： Kufre edet Okon Fengcai Lin Yandan Chen Biao Huang College of Material Engineering Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Department of Forestry and Natural Environmental Management Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of Uyo

Pinus massoniana L. was thermally treated with low melting point alloy as heating medium to investigate the strength properties changes. Contact angle, color and scanning electron microscopy were recorded to assess the effectiveness of the treatment. Samples were pre-treated in a micro-wave for 5 min followed by metal bath heat treatment at 150, 180, and 210 °C for 2, 4, and 8 h,respectively. Strength properties of metal bath treated wood were decreased with increase temperature and ***, modulus of rupture, impact bending, modulus of elasticity were reduced for all treatments. Maximum compressive strength slightly increased at 150 °C for 4 h followed by gradual reduction. The Janka hardness was reduced in the tangential and radial directions. Treatment of the wood at 210 °C for 8 h caused the wood to become brittle and rupture. The contact angle was considerably higher after thermal treatment. The color of the wood became darker with increasing temperature of thermal treatment. Micrographs of the heat-treated samples showed damage to the cell wall with increase in temperature. Metal bath heat treatment of wood was carried out successfully and some strength properties were reduced.

关键词： Metal bath heat treatment Strength properties Pinus massoniana Color Contact angle

Decay resistance and dimensional stability improvement of wood by low melting point alloy heat treatment

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第6期29卷 1797-1805页

Wood has no inherent natural resistance against agents of biodegradation. We evaluated the effects of metal bath heat treatment(MBHT) on decay resistance and dimensional stability of Chinese parasol(Firmiana simplex) and Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata) wood. A low melting point alloy was used as heating medium in the treatment of the wood samples at 150, 180, and 210 °C for2, 4, and 8 h. Heat-treated and control samples were exposed to brown rot fungus(Poria placenta) and white rot fungus(Coriolus versicolor) for decay resistance testing and anti-swelling efficiency(ASE). The improved decay resistance with increase temperatures with low mass losses of 7.3 and 7.3% for F. simplex, and 3.9 and 3.6% for *** at 210 °C for 8 h against Coriolus versicolor and Poria placenta, respectively. ASE indicated that MBHT contributed to improved dimensional stability of both wood species after treatment. Scanning electron micrograph results indicate that metal bath-treated samples showed strong decay resistance. Therefore, our approach to thermally modify wood should be explored to overcome the energy utilization by using low melting point alloy for the heat treatment of wood.

关键词： Heat treatment Decay resistance Dimensional stability Chinese fir Chinese parasol Rot fungi

Missed Opportunities for Intermittent Preventive Treatment among Pregnant Women, in a Secondary Health Facility, Cross River State, Nigeria

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Journal of Life Sciences 2013年第11期7卷 1147-1158页

作者： Olaide Bamidele edet edet Etim edet Patience Edoho Samson-Akpan Idang Neji Ojong Department of Nursing Science College of Medical Sciences University of Calabar Calabar Cross River State 540242 Nigeria Shell Petroleum Development Company Port-Harcourt Rivers State 500102 Nigeria

The study determined the magnitude and contributory factors for missed opportunities for the administration of IPTp （intermittent preventive treatment for malaria prevention）, during pregnancy among pregnant women attending a secondary health facility in Calabar. This study was a descriptive survey. Exit interviews were carried out on all pregnant and post natal women who attended the antenatal clinic of a secondary health facility for two weeks in November 2008. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The mean age of respondents was 27.0 ± 5.4, mean parity was 2.4 ± 1.5, mean clinic attendance 4.9 ± 4.0 while mean gestational age at booking was 18.6± 7.7. The prevalence of missed opportunity among the pregnant women was 59.1% for IPTpl ＆ 56.0% for IPTp2; among pregnant PLWHA （people living with HIV/AIDS）, it was 100% for IPTp3, 70% for IPTp2 ＆ 80.0% for IPTpl. Factors accountable for missed opportunity include non-availability of SP （sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine）, lack of supervision, failure to prescribe medication, late booking and lack of knowledge. More women significantly received IPTp2 compared to IPTpl （P = 0.001）. Discussion： The findings establish the need for making SP available in the ANC （antenatal clinic）, educating health workers about current schedule and procedures for administration and early mobilization of pregnant mothers for ANC.

关键词： IPTp (Intermittent Preventive Treatment during pregnancy) malaria control pregnant women.

Immunization Coverage in Selected Communities in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

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World Journal of Vaccines 2012年第1期2卷 21-26页

作者： Angela Oyo-Ita Babatunde Fakunle Akinwumi Fajola edet edet Community Medicine Department University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria

Background: The Expanded Program on Immunization was launched in Nigeria in 1980 but the target for immunization coverage has been elusive. As part of its social responsibilities the Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC) supported immunization activities in the Niger Delta region of the country. In this study a cross sectional study was carried out to estimate the coverage of BCG, OPV, DPT and measles vaccines and, to determine the predictors of full immunization coverage among children aged 12 to 23 months in selected SPDC supported communities in the Niger Delta. Using modified cluster randomization, 2432 children were included in the study. Results: Of 2432 children studied 1585 (65.2%;95% CI: 61.9% to 68.5%) were fully immunized with the four vaccines;2323 (95.5%) had received at least one dose of a vaccine (card and history). About one third (36.6%) of the children aged 12 to 23 months with immunization card were fully immunized by their first birthday. The proportion of children fully immunized with valid doses of vaccines by one year was 19.9% (485 of 2432) based on card only. One hundred and nine (4.5%) had never received immunization. Major reason for failure to be immunized was fear of side reactions. Main predictor for full immunization was availability of a health facility in the community. Discussion: The coverage of immunization was high in the study area;but the proportion of valid doses administered was low. Training of health workers and strategic behavioral communication to dispel fears of side reactions are recommended.

关键词： Immunization Childhood Predictors of Completion Quality

Karyotype Analysis of <i>Ocimum basilicum</i>in South-Eastern Nigeria

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第1期5卷 126-131页

作者： Offiong Ukpong edet Peter Osobase Aikpokpodion Department of Crop Science University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria Department of Genetics & Biotechnology University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria

Ocimum basilicum is widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, with greatest variability in Africa and India. It is valued in many countries for its culinary, medicinal, industrial and religious importance. Although cytogenetic entries on the plant have been made in other geographical locations of the world, in Nigeria, such entries, prior to this report, have been limited if not completely unavailable. In this analysis, axillary buds, obtained from growing plants, were used to conduct mitotic study. Results from this study showed chromosome counts of 2n = 48 and 60, thus bringing to light the existence of chromosome number variation and the possibility of polyploidy at different levels in the plant species in this agro-ecological zone. This research has, therefore, established that at least there are two cytotypes in the population of Ocimum basilicum growing in the humid forest vegetation zone of Nigeria. Analysis of the two cytotypes revealed asymmetrical karyotypes, indicative of advancement in the evolutionary trend of the plant species.

关键词： Karyotype Cytogenetics Cytotype Ideogram Mitotic Polyploidy

Design and Evaluation of a User Interface for an Autonomous Agricultural Sprayer

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Agricultural Sciences 2022年第2期13卷 221-243页

作者： Uduak edet Franklin Ogidi Daniel Delmar Mann Department of Biosystems Engineering University of Manitoba Winnipeg Canada Department of Computer Science University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Canada

This paper describes the design and evaluation of a user interface for a remotely supervised autonomous agricultural sprayer. The interface was designed to help the remote supervisor to instruct the autonomous sprayer to commence operation, monitor the status of the sprayer and its operation in the field, and intervene when needed (i.e., to stop or shut down). Design principles and guidelines were carefully selected to help develop a human-centered automation interface. Evaluation of the interface using a combination of heuristic, cognitive walkthrough, and user testing techniques revealed several strengths of the design as well as areas that needed further improvement. Overall, this paper provides guidelines that will assist other researchers to develop an ergonomic user interface for a fully autonomous agricultural machine.

关键词： User Interface Automation Interface Autonomous Sprayer User-Centered Design Human-Machine Interaction User Interface Design Principles

Giant Urinary Bladder Calculi in Calabar-Nigeria: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第11期14卷 548-553页

作者： edet Emana Ikpi Glen Eghwrudjakpo Enakirerhi Department of Urology University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Calabar Nigeria

Background: Urolithiasis remains a common urological problem in many parts of the world. Physiological as well as pathological changes in the body accounts for the development of urinary stones. Most of the stones formed in the kidney eventually pass out of the urinary system in the urine. Some stones, however, may get attached to a nidus and continue growing until they are removed by surgical intervention. In most of the developed world, medical intervention takes place early when the stones can be removed by conservative medical expulsive therapy or by minimally invasive techniques using ureteroscopy and laser stone fragmentation. Where such stones are not removed early in their formative stages, they could grow increasingly larger, especially in the urinary bladder, and open surgical intervention by cystolithotomy would then be needed for their removal. It is now very unusual to have giant urinary stones with diameters exceeding 5 cm. Case Presentation: We present a case report of the largest documented bladder calculi removed in Africa by open vesicolithotomy from a 40-year-old rural dweller in South-Southern Nigeria. The patient presented with a 5-year history of obstructive and irritative lower urinary tract symptoms, associated with a progressive hard supra-pubic swelling. Physical examination revealed a stony hard supra pubic mass and the plain abdomino-pelvic radiograph showed a giant bladder calculus. At open cystolithotomy, a giant calculus measuring 10 × 10 × 9 cm was removed along with a 6 other associated calculi. Post operative recovery was uneventful. Histology of a biopsy of the 5 cm, hypertrophic bladder wall and epithelium, was negative for malignancy. Challenges of case management are highlighted and pictorial displays relevant to the case is shown. Conclusion: Giant bladder stones are rarely seen in most of the developed world. Their diagnosis is usually associated with patients who have no access to health care or those who are managed in socie

关键词： Giant Calculi Rural

Studies in Molecular Weight Determination of Cottonseed and Melon Seed Oils Based Biopolymers

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2015年第1期5卷 43-50页

作者： Ibanga O. Isaac edet W. Nsi Department of Chemistry Akwa Ibom State University Uyo Nigeria

Six grades of biopolymers formulated to have oil content of 40% (M1), 50% (M2), and 60% (M3) melon seed oil (MESO) and 40% (C1), 50% (C2), and 60% (C3) cottonseed oil (COSO) respectively, were prepared with phthalic anhydride, and glycerol using alcoholysis-polycondensation process. The extend of polycondensation was monitored by determining the acid value of aliquots of the reaction mixture at various intervals of time. Molecular weight averages and polydispersity index (PDI) of the finished alkyds were determined by Rast method and end-group analysis. Molecular weight averages and PDI vary with differences in oil length of the alkyds, with samples M2 and C2 respectively exhibiting the highest PDI. Molecular weight average obtained from end-group analysis and those determined by Rast method in brackets are 1338.92 (597.00), 982.33 (696.25), 1316.09 (754.03), and 1160.57 (448.13), 765.96 (583.57), 1049.92 (696.25) for samples M1, M2, M3 and C1, C2, C3 respectively. Number molecular weight averages calculated from end-group analysis are larger than those obtained by Rast method for both MESO and COSO alkyds and seem to grossly overestimate their molecular weights. The mode of variation of these properties indicates that the synthesis of MESO and COSO alkyds are complex. Correlation of PDI with the quality of the finished alkyds shows that the higher the PDI value the better the quality of the alkyd. Performance properties such as rate of drying, film hardness and resistance to chemicals were optimum at 50% oil length for both triglyceride oil alkyds.

关键词： Biopolymers End-Group Analysis Molecular Weight Averages Polydispersity Index Rast Method