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Experimental study on the CO_(2) concentration and age of air distribution inside tiny sleeping spaces

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Building Simulation 2024年第4期17卷 591-605页

作者： Jingying Zhang Yanyan li Haiguo Yin linfeng liang Songmei Zu Le Gao Ying Zhang angui li School of Building Services Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’anShaanxi710055China

In recent years,rapid urban development has led to capsule hotels,sleep pods,and other tiny sleeping spaces that adapt to people’s fast-paced lives,achieving maximum functionality with a very small ***,due to the small space,human metabolic pollutant(such as CO_(2))is more likely to accumulate,and the air is not easily *** this paper,a full-size experimental platform is set up with three types of ventilation modes to explore the exclusion efficiency of metabolic pollutants and the overall distribution of age of air under these ventilation *** conclusions showed that the mean values of metabolic pollutant exclusion rates for the different ventilation modalities varied very little across the spatial dimensions of the confined space but varied considerably in the area around the *** double-side attached ventilation method was the most effective in removing human metabolic pollutants,especially in the head region(CN≥0.92),while the single-wall attached ventilation method had the best air exchange efficiency(η≥0.85).This suggests an inconsistent distribution of CO_(2) and age of air,which is contrary to general common *** conclusions of this paper can guide the design of ventilation for tiny sleeping spaces.

关键词： attached ventilation mode human metabolic pollutant indoor air quality air exchange efficiency tiny sleeping spaces

A numerical study on the effect of column layout on air distribution and performance of column attachment ventilation

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Building Simulation 2021年第4期14卷 1095-1108页

作者： Haiguo Yin linna li Rui Wu Yuanyuan Wang angui li School of Building Services Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyShaanxiXi’an710055China

Based on the structural characteristics of existing buildings and the disadvantages of current mixed ventilation mode in the application to large space buildings,an original column attachment ventilation(CAV)has been *** this study,the experiment utilized a room space with four columns uniformly distributed in the space to visualize the movement of attached airflow along the cylinder surface and the floor,the numerical technique was employed to study the effects of the column layout(i.e.,uniform,centralized,dispersed,and crossed distribution)on the air distribution of CAV mode in a standard four-column full scale model of a shopping *** indices,including airflow pattern,air diffusion performance index(ADPI),air temperature distribution,heat removal effectiveness,draught rate(DR),predicted mean vote(PMV),and carbon dioxide(CO2)concentration,were used to assess the ventilation *** the CAV mode with a uniform column layout scheme,the experimental results indicated that the air supply flows downward along the wall surface,forming a secondary attachment with the ground and spreading along the floor in a fan radiation flow ***,an“air lake”-like speed and temperature distribution similar to displacement ventilation(DV)was formed in the occupied *** all simulation cases,it was found that the average air velocity was less than 0.25 m/s in occupied zone,the effectiveness for heat removal was more significant than 1.0,DR value was less than 20%,the PMV level can also satisfy most *** average CO2 concentration was around 470 ppm in the occupied breathing *** results indicated that the CAV mode could be an efficient air distribution *** demonstrated the technical feasibility of applying the CAV in the space under different column layout schemes.

关键词： column attachment ventilation air distribution column layout performance evaluation large space buildings

A low-resistance elbow with a bionic sawtooth guide vane in ventilation and air conditioning systems

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Building Simulation 2022年第1期15卷 117-128页

作者： Chi Zhang angui li Jigang Che Yue li Qi liu Yuhang Zhao School of Building Services Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology(XAUAT)Xi'an 710055China The Artificial Environment Control Technology Achievement Innovation Center of XAUAT and Yantai Yantai 264006China

Elbow resistance is an important part of energy consumption in ventilation and air conditioning(VAC)*** considering the structural characteristics of bat wings and humpback whale pectoral fins,a simplified leading edge for sawtooth guide vanes is *** on the theory of fluid mechanics,the resistance reduction mechanism of the sawtooth guide vane is *** numerical calculation results show that proper sawtooth groove parameters for the guide vane can effectively reduce the elbow *** with that for a normal guide vane,the maximum resistance can be reduced by approximately 9%with the new *** addition,we analyze the influence of the sawtooth guide vane on the entropy production of the duct elbow and the relationship between entropy production and the resistance of the duct ***,the resistance reduction performance of the sawtooth guide vane is verified through full-scale tests.

关键词： bionic sawtooth grooves guide vane resistance entropy production

Research on optimization and design methods for air distribution system based on target values

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Building Simulation 2021年第3期14卷 721-735页

作者： Ran Gao Hengchun Zhang angui li Shihao Wen Wuyi Du Baoshun Deng School of Building Services Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055China School of Thermal Engineering Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJinan 250101ShandongChina China Railway First Survey&Design Institute Group Xi'an 710043China

To achieve sufficient air conditioning of large buildings,reasonable air distribution in indoor spaces is an effective method for creating stratified air ***,optimizing the air distribution in large buildings is extremely *** this paper,we expound on a new method for air distribution design and optimization based on target value evaluation and summarize the relevant design processes based on an orthogonal test and by decoupling the effects of the size of the tuyere,airflow temperature,air-supply angle and velocity on air ***,we present a design *** optimize the distribution of a lateral air supply in winter,the deflection angle,velocity and temperature of the air supply can be determined in *** the large and tall building types addressed in this paper,the optimal air-supply angle is 2°,the optimal air-supply velocity is 8 m/s,and the optimal air-supply temperature is 19℃.

关键词： air distribution target value indicator optimization

Study on attached ventilation based on inclined walls

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Building Simulation 2021年第3期14卷 667-679页

作者： Yicun Hou angui li Jing Yang Yu Tian Dingmeng Wu School of Building Services Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China China Northeast Architectural Design&Research Institute Co. LtdShenyangChina School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055China

In practical engineering,inclined building walls are often presented due to their functional and aesthetic needs.A reasonable air distribution design is essential for creating a satisfactory indoor environment in such *** the present study,inclined walls with a variable inclination angle β were used as the research object to explore a novel air supply *** experiments and numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the induced airflow,such as the airflow pattern,the airflow characteristics(maximum jet velocity decay and jet spreading rate)and the ventilation effect(vertical air temperature difference,draft rate,air diffusion performance index).The results show that the"air lake"phenomena occurred over the floor,which resembles the displacement ventilation to some *** proposed air supply mode has a good ventilation effect and could be applied to building spaces with inclined *** current study can be used as a reference for ventilation design in buildings with inclined walls.

关键词： attached ventilation inclined wall numerical simulation visualization experiments

Airflow pattern and performance of attached ventilation for two types of tiny spaces

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Building Simulation 2022年第8期15卷 1491-1506页

作者： Haiguo Yin Yanyan li Da Zhang Yuekun Han Jiali Wang Yongshou Zhang angui li School of Building Services Science and Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055ShaanxiChina The key Lab of Plateau Building and Eco-community in Qinghai Xining 810008QinghaiChina Qinghai Building and Materials Research Co. LtdXining 810008QinghaiChina Energy Engineering Design Institute Energy and Environmental Engineering Research InstituteChina IPPR International Engineering Co.Ltd.BeijingChina

With the emergence of urban sentry boxes and capsule hotels,the development of tiny spaces with the concept of a reasonable minimum occupied space has attracted widespread attention from *** ventilation mode that fits with the limited geometric characteristics of tiny spaces is worth *** with the respective ventilation requirements of two types of tiny spaces,i.e.,sentry box space and tiny sleeping space,this paper proposes two attached ventilation modes.A full-scale experiment cabin was established,and the simulation method was optimized through experimental *** airflow pattern and distribution performance of the two attached ventilation modes in two types of tiny spaces were studied by the CFD *** results showed that the airflow attached to the vertical wall could form an air curtain at the opening windows of the sentry box space,but there is a phenomenon of air *** installation of the deflector can improve the integrity of the air curtain,and the best installation angle of the deflector is 60 *** double side-attached ventilation mode in the tiny sleeping space can not only relieve the draught of the occupants(DRliver fresh air to the occupied zone(expiratory zone MAA<92 s).The research conclusions will add new ideas to the diversity of ventilation modes in tiny spaces.

关键词： sentry box space tiny sleeping space attached ventilation air curtain draught rate

A review of intensified conditioning of personal micro-environments:Moving closer to the human body

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能源与人工环境(英文) 2021年第3期2卷 260-270页

作者： Bin Yang Xin Ding Faming Wang angui li School of Building Services Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’anChina Department of Civil Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteUSA School of Architecture and Art Central South UniversityChangshaChina

Various systems and technologies have been developed in recent years to fulfil the growing needs of high-performance HVAC systems with better performance of energy efficiency,thermal comfort,and occupancy *** conditioning of human occupied areas and less intensified conditioning of surrounding areas are able to effectively improve the overall satisfaction by individual control of personalized micro-environments and also,achieve maximum energy *** main concepts have been identified chronologically through the devel-opment of personal environmental conditioning,changing the intensified conditioning area closer to the human body and enhancing conditioning efforts,namely the task ambient conditioning(TAC)system,personal envi-ronmental control system(PECS),personal comfort system(PCS),and the personal thermal management(PTM)*** review follows a clue of the concept progress and system evaluation,summarizes important findings and feasible applications,current gaps as well as future research needs.

关键词： Task ambient conditioning Personal environmental control system Personal thermal management system

Adaptive Wall-Based Attachment Ventilation:A Comparative Study on Its Effectiveness in Airborne Infection Isolation Rooms with Negative Pressure

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Engineering 2022年第1期8卷 130-137页

作者： Ying Zhang Ou Han angui li li’an Hou Thomas Olofsson linhua Zhang Wenjun Lei School of Building Services Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Department of Applied Physics and Electronics UmeåUniversityUmeåSE 90187Sweden School of Thermal Engineering Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJinan 250101China

The transmission of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has presented challenges for the control of the indoor environment of isolation *** air distribution design and operation management are crucial to ensure the environmental safety of medical *** paper proposes the application of adaptive wall-based attachment ventilation and evaluates this air supply mode based on contaminants dispersion,removal efficiency,thermal comfort,and operating *** wall-based attachment ventilation provides a direct supply of fresh air to the occupied *** comparison with a ceiling air supply or upper sidewall air supply,adaptive wall-based attachment ventilation results in a 15%–47%lower average concentration of contaminants,for a continual release of contaminants at the same air changes per hour(ACH;10 h^(-1)).The contaminant removal efficiency of complete mixing ventilation cannot exceed *** adaptive wall-based attachment ventilation,the contaminant removal efficiency is an exponential function of the *** with the ceiling air supply mode or upper sidewall air supply mode,adaptive wall-based attachment ventilation achieves a similar thermal comfort level(predicted mean vote(PMV)of0.1–0.4;draught rate of 2.5%–6.7%)and a similar performance in removing contaminants,but has a lower ACH and uses less energy.

关键词： Ventilation efficiency Air change rate COVID-19 Attachment ventilation Air distribution Isolation ward

Truncation method for calculating the resistance of ventilation air-conditioning duct systems under nonfully developed flow boundary conditions

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Building Simulation 2021年第4期14卷 1237-1249页

作者： Ran Gao Wei Guo Changqing Yang Meng Wang Sikai Zhang Hang Zhou angui li School of Building Services Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’anShaanxi710055China

Calculating the resistance of ventilation air-conditioning ducts under nonfully developed flow is a crucial problem that must be addressed. Based on the characteristics of the resistance in ventilation air-conditioning ducts, the truncation method-a computational method that is appropriate for nonfully developed flow boundary conditions-was proposed in this study. The resistance distributions in the upstream and downstream ducts from typical local components, including reducers, bends and tee ducts, were investigated. Using the resistance values of the local components under fully developed flow, the resistances that did not belong to nonfully developed flow were truncated and removed. Finally, the calculation steps of the proposed method were discussed, an engineering case study was presented, and the accuracy of the developed model was analyzed. The results showed that for the local components in the system (reducers, bends and tee ducts), their proportions of the total resistance exhibited similar trends under different width-to-height ratios. The resistance of these local components included upstream resistance, downstream resistance and their own resistance. The upstream resistance accounted for 2%–6% of the total resistance, whereas the downstream resistance of the reducers, bends and tee ducts accounted for 40%–60% of the total resistance. A functional relationship was established between the local resistance and cutoff distance of the reducers, bends and tee ducts. Hence, the truncation method can calculate the local resistance from the cutoff distance. Moreover, in the presented engineering case study, the error between the actual measured resistance values and those simulated with the truncation method was only 4.28%, which was far less than that of the results simulated with the traditional calculation methods (53.64%).

关键词： resistance local components nonfully developed flow truncation method