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Assessing the impact of natural enemies in agroecosystems： toward ＂real＂ Ipm or in quest of the Holy Grail？

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Insect Science 2015年第1期22卷 1-5页

作者： myron p. zalucki michael J. Furlong Nancy A. Schellhorn Sarina macfadyen Andrew p. Davies School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia CSIrO Ecosystem Sciences and Sustain-able Agriculture Flagship Brisbane QLD 4001 Australia CSIrO Ecosystem Sciences and Sustainable Agriculture Flagship CanberraACT 2601 Australia CSIrO Australian Cotton Research Institute (ACRI) Narrabri NSW 2390 Australia Saunders Havill Group Bowen HillsBrisbane QLD 4006 Australia.

Go to virtually any conference or symposium on insect pests and so called ＂Integrated pest management,＂ or Ipm, is presented as the answer to all management problems. Ipm is the textbook paradigm （e.g., Kogan, 1998; pedigo, 2002; pedigo ＆ rice, 2009） that guides all aspects of insect pest management research and implementation （zalucki et al., 2009）. In most cases the way Ipm is put in to practice, as opposed to the textbook jargon could, somewhat cynically, be regarded as ＂incidental＂ to pesticide management. How did it come to this？

关键词： Ipm 农业生态系统有害生物综合治理天敌评估管理问题综合防治农药管理

predicting outbreaks of migratory pest:an analysis of DBm population dynamics

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Predicting outbreaks of migratory pest:an analysis of DBM po...

THE BIOASSAYS OF NEEm TrEE [mELIACEAE: AZADIrACHTA INDICA A. JUSS.] EXTrACTS AGAINST HELICOVErpA ArmIGErA [LEpIDOpTErA: NOCTUIDAE] FED ON CONVENTIONAL AND BT COTTON

5th International Workshop on management of the Diamondback moth and Other Crucifer Insect pests

作者： myron p.zalucki michael J Furlong School of Integrative Biology University of Queensland

We estimate the effect of climate on the distribution and relative abundance of the diamondback moth(DBm),plutella xylostella(L.) in *** is a simulation modeling package which can be used to describe the relative grow... 详细信息

关键词： DBm predicting outbreaks of migratory pest:an analysis of DBm population dynamics

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THE BIOASSAYS OF NEEM TREE [MELIACEAE: AZADIRACHTA INDICA A....

potential Inbreeding in a Small population of a mass Flowering Species, <i>Xanthorrhoea johnsonii</i>(Xanthorrhoeaceae): Is Your mother my Father?

The ⅩⅤth International plant protection Congress

作者： m.p.zalucki m.WEGENEr Department of Zoology ＆ Entomology University of Queensland Qld 4072 Australia School of Natural ＆ rural Systems management University of Queensland Qld 4072 Australia

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American Journal of plant Sciences 2012年第3期3卷 303-312页

作者： rachel King Jacinta m. zalucki Department of mathematics and Computing Faculty of Sciences University of Southern Queensland Toowoomba Australia School of Environment Griffith University Nathan Australia

Xanthorrhoea johnsonii is a long lived slow growing perennial understorey species, that produces a large quantity of passively dispersed seed every 3 - 5 years. reproductive maturity is not reached until 20 - 30 years of age. The temporal asynchrony of the flowering event in this population was analogous to geographic isolation through fragmentation. A small population of plants flowering in isolation provided the opportunity to examine outcrossing rates, genetic diversity and the paternity of progeny at a small spatial scale (0.2 ha). The geographic location and physical characteristics of the adult plants were recorded, and both adults and their seed were sampled for genetic analysis. Four microsatellite loci were screened for genetic diversity and spatial structure analysis. A population outcrossing rate was estimated, as well as the number of paternal parents required to resolve the progeny multilocus genotypes. High genetic diversity was found in both adults and progeny with an estimated 97% outcrossing rate. All maternal lines required several paternal contributors, with no evidence of dominant paternal genotypes. pollen transfer occurred between both geographically close and distant plants.

关键词： Xanthorrhoeaceae Inbreeding mass Flowering microsatellite paternity Outcrossing pollen Dispersal Genetic Structure Isolated population Xanthorrhoea johnsonii

responses of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) to Grain Aphid (Sitobion avenae) Infestation and mechanical Wounding Using a cDNA Subtractitve Library Approach

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Agricultural Sciences 2022年第6期13卷 715-740页

作者： Wenzhu Guan martin G. Edwards John A. gatehouse angharad m. r. gatehouse School of Natural and Environmental Sciences Newcastle University Newcastle UK School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences University of Durham Durham UK

Aphids are major insect pests of cereal crops, acting as virus vectors as well as causing direct damage. The responses of commercial wheat (cv. Claire) to grain aphid (Sitobion avenae) infestation and mechanical wounding were investigated in this study, with the aim to eventually identify a source of molecular markers to breed wheat for enhanced insect resistance, and in particular for enhanced resistance to phloem-feeding insects. mechanical wounding was included in this study as a comparison with aphid feeding to distinguish between insect-specific responses in wheat plants to those involved in a general wounding response. Wheat (Triticum spp.) is known to have partial resistance toward aphids [1]. The plant response and defence against insect feeding are complicated, but always follow the same principle: insect detection, signal transmission to initiate defence, changes in plant gene expression and subsequent production of defensive compounds, which may be targeted to the wound site to deter or kill insects. Defensive gene products/proteins reach the target area and deter or kill insects. Whether the last step is successful or not depends on the resistance and susceptibility of the plant towards that particular pest. In the light of this principle, it is important to detect changes in gene expression, first at the transcriptional level, which is useful for detection of early-stage responses, and then once sufficient time is allowed for the plant to produce defensive gene products, responses at the proteome level can be identified. Work presented in this study focuses on the changes at the transcriptional level;differential responses at the proteome level were investigated and presented in Ferry et al. 2011 [2] and Guan et al. 2015 [3]. Two cDNA subtractive hybridization libraries were constructed, one to identify transcripts involved in the responses to aphid infestation, and the second to identify transcripts involved in responses to mechanical wounding. Followi

关键词： Wheat Grain Aphid response resistance Tolerance cDNA Subtractive Library

亚洲玉米螟对Cry1Ab蛋白抗性的遗传规律与分子机理

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植物保护 2007年第5期33卷 92-93页

作者：何康来常雪常雪艳王振营 Natalie Ferry angharad m.r.gatehouse 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室北京100094 英国纽卡斯尔大学

意义与目的亚洲玉米螟[Ostrinia furnacalis（Guenée）]是长期为害玉米、高粱、谷子、棉花等作物的重要害虫。转Bt Cry1Ab基因抗虫玉米、棉花等在整个生育期其植株能表达Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白，为玉米螟的防治开辟了新的途径。室内汰选条件... 详细信息

意义与目的亚洲玉米螟[Ostrinia furnacalis（Guenée）]是长期为害玉米、高粱、谷子、棉花等作物的重要害虫。转Bt Cry1Ab基因抗虫玉米、棉花等在整个生育期其植株能表达Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白，为玉米螟的防治开辟了新的途径。室内汰选条件下亚洲玉米螟能对Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白产生抗性，这将严重威胁到转基因玉米、棉花等的可持续利用。[第一段]

关键词：亚洲玉米螟 Cry1Ab蛋白抗性遗传规律

Expression of cytochrome p450 CYp81A6 in rice: tissue specificity, protein subcellular localization, and response to herbicide application

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2015年第2期16卷 113-122页

作者： Hai-ping LU martin EDWArDS Qi-zhao WANG Hai-jun ZHAO Hao-wei FU Jian-zhong HUANG angharad gateHouse Qing-yao SHU State Key Laboratory of rice Biology Institute of Crop Sciences Zhejiang University Newcastle Institute for research on Environment School of Biology University of Newcastle Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences

The cytochrome p450 gene CYp81A6 confers tolerance to bentazon and metsulfuron-methyl, two selective herbicides widely used for weed control in rice and wheat fields. Knockout mutants of CYp81A6 are highly susceptible to both herbicides. The present study aimed to characterize the CYp81A6 expression in rice. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction（pCr） analyses demonstrated that foliar treatment of bentazon（500 mg/L） greatly induced expression of CYp81A6 in both wild-type（Jiazhe B） and its knockout mutant（Jiazhe m B）： a 10-fold increase at 9 h before returning to basal levels at 24 h in Jiazhe B, while in the mutant the expression level rose to 20-fold at 12 h and maintained at such high level up to 24 h post exposure. In contrast, metsulfuron-methyl（500 mg/L） treatment did not affect the expression of CYp81A6 in Jiazhe B within 80 h; thereafter the expression peaked at 120 h and returned gradually to basal levels by Day 6. We suggest that a metabolite of metsulfuron-methyl, 1H-2,3-benzothiazin-4-（3H）-one-2,2-dioxide, is likely to be responsible for inducing CYp81A6 expression, rather than the metsulfuronmethyl itself. Use of a promoter-GUS reporter construct（CYp81A6pro：：GUS） demonstrated that CYp81A6 was constitutively expressed throughout the plant, with the highest expression in the upper surfaces of leaves. Subcellular localization studies in rice protoplasts showed that CYp81A6 was localized in the endoplasmic reticulum. These observations advance our understanding of CYp81A6 expression in rice, particularly its response to the two herbicides.

关键词： CYp81A6 Bentazon metsulfuron-methyl Expression induction Xenobiotics

基因对于儿童肥胖的影响在小于胎龄儿童中或不重要

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基因对于儿童肥胖的影响在小于胎龄儿童中或不重要

基因对于儿童肥胖的影响在小于胎龄儿童中或不重要

作者： Dug Yeo Han rinki murphy angharad r morgan 郭婧张帆

小于胎龄儿在日后的生活中面临着更高的患肥胖症和代谢性疾病的风险,目前认为这种风险主要与小于胎龄儿出生后生长加速有关。研究人员对奥克兰出生体重协作研究项目中的小于胎龄儿和适于胎龄儿做了研究,测量并计算这些儿童的BmI-Z评分,...

小于胎龄儿在日后的生活中面临着更高的患肥胖症和代谢性疾病的风险,目前认为这种风险主要与小于胎龄儿出生后生长加速有关。研究人员对奥克兰出生体重协作研究项目中的小于胎龄儿和适于胎龄儿做了研究,测量并计算这些儿童的BmI-Z评分,研究与成人肥胖相关的常见基因变异是否会与小于胎龄儿出生后生长加速有关。研究者将547名欧洲儿童(228名小于胎龄儿和319名适于胎龄儿)进行基因分型,他们被分为共计37个单核苷酸多态性(SNps)候选基因。重复测量儿童的BmI,并以Z评分法评估肥胖程度,使

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营养健康新观察 2013年第1期 51-51页

作者： Dug Yeo Han rinki murphy angharad r morgan 郭婧张帆

小于胎龄儿在日后的生活中面临着更高的患肥胖症和代谢性疾病的风险,目前认为这种风险主要与小于胎龄儿出生后生长加速有关。研究人员对奥克兰出生体重协作研究项目中的小于胎龄儿和适于胎龄儿做了研究,测量并计算这些儿童的BmI-Z评分,... 详细信息

关键词：小于胎龄儿生长加速儿童肥胖出生后成人肥胖代谢性疾病肥胖程度重复测量评分法单核苷酸多