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Economic evaluation of the hepatitis C elimination strategy in Greece in the era of affordable direct-acting antivirals

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第11期25卷 1327-1340页

作者： Ilias Gountas Vana Sypsa George Papatheodoridis Kyriakos Souliotis Kostas Athanasakis Homie Razavi angelos hatzakis Department of Hygiene Epidemiology and Medical StatisticsMedical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens Hellenic Scientific Society for the Study of AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Diseases Department of Gastroenterology Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensLaiko General Hospital Faculty of Social and Political Sciences University of Peloponnese Department of Health Economics National School of Public Health Center for Disease Analysis

BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus(HCV) is a leading cause of worldwide liver-related morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organization released an integrated strategy targeting HCV-elimination by 2030. This study aims to estimate the required interventions to achieve elimination using updated information for direct-acting antiviral(DAA) treatment coverage, to compute the total costs(including indirect/societal costs) of the strategy and to identify whether the elimination strategy is cost-effective/cost-saving in *** To estimate the required interventions and subsequent costs to achieve HCV elimination in *** A previously validated mathematical model was adapted to the Greek HCVinfected population to compare the outcomes of DAA treatment without the additional implementation of awareness or screening campaigns versus an HCV elimination strategy, which includes a sufficient number of treated patients. We estimated the total costs(direct and indirect costs), the disability-adjusted life years and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio using two different price *** Without the implementation of awareness or screening campaigns,approximately 20000 patients would be diagnosed and treated with DAAs by2030. This strategy would result in a 19.6% increase in HCV-related mortality in2030 compared to 2015. To achieve the elimination goal, 90000 patients need to be treated by 2030. Under the elimination scenario, viremic cases would decrease by78.8% in 2030 compared to 2015. The cumulative direct costs to eliminate the disease would range from 2.1-2.3 billion euros(€) by 2030, while the indirect costs would be €1.1 billion. The total elimination cost in Greece would range from €3.2-3.4 billion by 2030. The cost per averted disability-adjusted life year is estimated between €10100 and €13380, indicating that the elimination strategy is very costeffective. Furthermore, HCV elimination strategy would save €560-895 million *** Without

关键词： Hepatitis C elimination Cost effectiveness Cost of elimination Indirect costs Projections Mathematical modelling Awareness and screening programs World Health Organization targets

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Impact of parietal cell autoantibodies and non-organ-specific autoantibodies on the treatment outcome of patients with hepatitis C virus infection: A pilot study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第4期11卷 482-487页

作者： Nikolaos K.Gatselis Sarah P.Georgiadou Nikolaos Tassopoulos Kalliopi Zachou Christos Liaskos angelos hatzakis Georgios N.Dalekos Department of Internal Medicine Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine Medical SchoolUniversity of Thessaly Larissa Greece Department of Internal Medicine Western Attica Hospital AthensGreece Department of Internal Medicine Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine Medical SchoolUniversity of Thessalv Larissa.Greece Academic Liver UnitDepartment of Internal MedicineMedical SchoolUniversity of Thessaly LarissaGreece Department of Internal Medicine Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine Medical SchoolUniversity of Thessaly LarissaGreece Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology National Retrovirus Reference Center Athens University Medical SchoolAthensGreece Department of Internal Medicine Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine Medical SchoolUniversity of Thessaly LarissaGreece Academic Liver UnitDepartment of Internal MedicineMedical SchoolUniversity of Thessaly LarissaGreece

AIM: Various side effects have been reported in patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) who were treated with interferon-alpha (IFN-α), including the appearance or exacerbation of underlying autoimmune diseases and the development of a variety of organ and non-organ specific autoantibodies (NOSA). However, very few studies in adults have been strictly designed to address: whether the prevalence and the titre of organ and NOSA in serial samples of HCV-treated patients were affected by IFN-α, and the impact of these autoantibodies on the treatment outcome of HCV patients. METHODS: We investigated whether parietal cell autoantibodies (PCA) and/or NOSA were related with treatment-outcome in 57 HCV-treated patients (19 sustained-responders, 16 relapsers, 22 non-responders). Serum samples from patients were studied blindly at three time-points (entry, end of treatment and end of followup). For the detection of autoantibodies we used indirect immunofluorescence, commercial and in-house ELISAs. RESULTS: Sustained biochemical response was associated with ANA-negativity at the entry or end of follow up. Sustained virological response was associated with the absence of PCA at the entry. Combined virological and biochemical sustained response (CVBSR) was associated with the absence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) at the end of follow up and PCA-negativity at the entry. Sustained virological and CVBSR were associated with a reduction of ANA and SMA titers during therapy. CONCLUSION: Although PCA and/or NOSA seropositivity should not affect the decision to treat HCV patients, the presence of some of them such as ANA, PCA and SMA before treatment or their increase during therapy with IFN- a may predict a worse response, indicating the need for a closer monitoring during treatment of HCV patients positive for these autoantibodies.

关键词： HCV infection Autoantibodies Interferon-alpha

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Raman Scattering Study on Vibrational Modes and .Structure of Lanthanum Tellurite Glasses

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2012年第5期25卷 519-525,I0003页

作者： angelos G Kalampounias Department of Chemical Engineering University of Patras and Institute of Chemical Engineering andHigh Temperature Chemical Processes FORTH/ICE-HT P.O. Box 1414 Patras GR-26 504 Greece

Raman spectra of xLa203-（1-x）TeO2 （x=0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, and 0.25） lanthanum tellurite glasses were measured and analyzed over the entire glass-forming region in an effort to quantitatively follow the structural changes caused by lanthanum oxide variation. For the first time, systematic intensity measurements have been performed to elucidate the composition induced structural changes in tile high-frequency stretching vibration region and a possible mechanism was proposed. The network structure of the glasses is formed by mixing TeO4 trigonal bipyramid and Te03 trigonal pyramid units. The change of the lanthanum oxide content results in conversion of the TeO4 units to TeO3 units with a varying number of non-bridging oxygen atoms. Analysis of the Raman band contours in terms of vibrations due to different oxygen bridged trigonal bipyramid and trigonal pyramid tellurite structural units, allowed to calculate the relative amounts of the species involved in the structural changes with composition. The fraction of the terminal oxygen atoms has been estimated from the Raman intensities with the aid of a structural model concerning the structure of tellurite network systems. The simulation of the experimental density of lanthanum tellurite glasses with modifier content up to 25% revealed that the short range order building units assumed here are sufficient to account for the overall structure in these glasses.

关键词： Tellurite glass Raman spectroscopy Short-range order Density model

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Lyα science from the LST aboard the ASO-S mission

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2019年第11期19卷 131-138页

作者： angelos Vourlidas Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory

We review the status of solar Lyαscience in anticipation of the upcoming Advanced Spacebased Solar Observatory(ASO-S)mission,planned for a late 2021(or 2022)*** mission carries a pair of the LyαSolar Telescopes(LST)capable of high resolution disk and off-limb imaging,which will provide the first synoptic Lyαimaging observations of the solar *** discuss the history of Lyαimaging and latest results,and outline the open questions that ASO-S could ***-S will launch at an optimal time for Lyα*** other Lyαtelescopes will be in *** identify the synergies between ASO-S and other missions as well as serendipitous non-solar science *** conclude that ASO-S has the potential for breakthrough observations and discoveries in the chromosphere-corona interface where the Lyαemission is the major player.

关键词： Sun atmosphere-Sun corona-Sun UV radiation-Sun activity-telescopes

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A geographical information system approach for evaluating the optimum location of point-like facilities in a hierarchical network

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2012年第1期15卷 37-42页

作者： angelos MIMIS Department of Economic and Regional Development Panteion University136 Sygrou AvenueAthens 17671Greece

Nhis paper discusses a methodology for solving the problem of finding an optimum location for a number of facilities entering an existing hierarchical *** locational optimization problem is approached with a continuous *** facilities are considered as *** proposed methodology solves these problems by using Voronoi diagrams to define the catchment area and minimizes the average distance traveled by the *** approach is implemented by loose coupling between the Directed Tabu Search algorithm for continuous nonlinear optimization with constraints and the Geographical Information System where the cost function is *** the case study example,facilities operate in a hierarchical network consisting of bank branches and Automated Teller Machines(ATM)of a private Greek bank.A new bank branch location and the insertion of an ATM were examined and compared,providing an improvement of 25.6 and 12.8%,*** proposed approach resulted in visualizing the optimum location on the map,providing the ability to study the modifications that *** could be a useful tool in the hands of practitioners and provide new options in the decision-making process.

关键词： GISs spatial analysis nonlinear programing locational planning

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Towards social behavior in virtual-agent navigation

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2016年第11期59卷 16-32页

作者： angelos KREMYZAS Norman JAKLIN Roland GERAERTS Department of Information and Computing Sciences Utrecht University

We present Social Groups and Navigation(SGN), a method to simulate the walking behavior of small pedestrian groups in virtual environments. SGN is the first method to simulate group behavior on both global and local levels of an underlying planning hierarchy. We define quantitative metrics to measure the coherence and the sociality of a group based on existing empirical data of real crowds. SGN does not explicitly model coherent and social formations, but it lets such formations emerge from simple geometric rules. In addition to a previous version, SGN also handles group-splitting to smaller groups throughout navigation as well as social sub-group behavior whenever a group has to temporarily split up to re-establish its coherence. For groups of four, SGN generates between 13% and 53% more socially-friendly behavior than previous methods, measured over the lifetime of a group in the simulation. For groups of three, the gain is between 15% and 31%, and for groups of two, the gain is between 1% and 4%. SGN is designed in a flexible way, and it can be integrated into any crowd-simulation framework that handles global path planning and any path following as separate *** show that SGN enables the simulation of thousands of agents in real time.

关键词： virtual humans social-group behavior autonomous agent navigation crowd simulation

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Tuning hyperparameters of doublet-detection methods for single-cell RNA sequencing data

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Quantitative Biology 2023年第3期11卷 297-305页

作者： Nan Miles Xi angelos Vasilopoulos Department of Mathematics and Statistics Loyola University ChicagoChicagoIL 60660USA

Background:The existence of doublets in single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)data poses a great challenge in downstream data *** doublet-detection methods have been developed to remove doublets from scRNA-seq ***,the default hyperparameter settings of those methods may not provide optimal ***:We propose a strategy to tune hyperparameters for a cutting-edge doublet-detection *** utilize a full factorial design to explore the relationship between hyperparameters and detection accuracy on 16 real scRNA-seq *** optimal hyperparameters are obtained by a response surface model and convex ***:We show that the optimal hyperparameters provide top performance across scRNA-seq datasets under various biological *** tuning strategy can be applied to other computational doublet-detection *** also offers insights into hyperparameter tuning for broader computational methods in scRNA-seq data ***:The hyperparameter configuration significantly impacts the performance of computational doublet-detection *** study is the first attempt to systematically explore the optimal hyperparameters under various biological conditions and optimization *** study provides much-needed guidance for hyperparameter tuning in computational doublet-detection methods.

关键词： scRNA-seq doublet detection hyperparameter tuning experimental design response surface model

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Mid-infrared-perturbed molecular vibrational signatures in plasmonic nanocavities

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第1期11卷 127-135页

作者： Rohit Chikkaraddy angelos Xomalis Lukas A.Jakob Jeremy J.Baumberg NanoPhotonics Centre Cavendish LaboratoryDepartment of PhysicsJJ Thompson AvenueUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB30HEUK Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyLaboratory for Mechanics of Materials and NanostructuresThunSwitzerland

Recent developments in surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)enable observation of single-bond vibrations in real time at room *** contrast,mid-infrared(MIR)vibrational spectroscopy is limited to inefficient slow *** we develop a new method for MIR sensing using *** method utilizes nanoparticle-on-foil(NPoF)nanocavities supporting both visible and MIR plasmonic hotspots in the same nanogap formed by a monolayer of *** SERS signals from individual NPoF nanocavities are modulated in the presence of MIR *** strength of this modulation depends on the MIR wavelength,and is maximized at the 6–12μm absorption bands of SiO_(2) or polystyrene placed under the *** a single-photon lock-in detection scheme we time-resolve the rise and decay of the signal in a few 100 *** observations reveal that the phonon resonances of SiO_(2) can trap intense MIR surface plasmons within the Reststrahlen band,tuning the visible-wavelength localized plasmons by reversibly perturbing the localized few-nm-thick water shell trapped in the nanostructure *** suggests new ways to couple nanoscale bond vibrations for optomechanics,with potential to push detection limits down to single-photon and single-molecule regimes.

关键词： visible signature utilize

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A non-lithographic plasma nanoassembly technology for polymeric nanodot and silicon nanopillar fabrication

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2019年第3期13卷 475-484页

作者： Athanasios Smyrnakis angelos Zeniou Kamil Awsiuk Vassilios Constantoudis Evangelos Gogolides Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology NCSR “Demokritos”Ag. Paraskevi15341 AtticaGreece Department of Physics University of Patras26504 PatrasGreece M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics Jagiellonian University30-348 KrakowPoland

In this work, we present plasma etching alone as a directed assembly method to both create the nanodot pattern on an etched polymeric (PMMA) film and transfer it to a silicon substrate for the fabrication of silicon nanopillars or cone-like nanostructuring. By using a shield to control sputtering from inside the plasma reactor, the size and shape of the resulting nanodots can be better controlled by varying plasma parameters as the bias power. The effect of the shield on inhibitor deposition on the etched surfaces was investigated by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (ToF-SIMS) measurements. The fabrication of quasi-ordered PMMA nanodots of a diameter of 25 nm and period of 54 nm is demonstrated. Pattern transfer to the silicon substrate using the same plasma reactor was performed in two ways:(a) a mixed fluorine-fluorocarbon-oxygen nanoscale etch plasma process was employed to fabricate silicon nanopillars with a diameter of 25 nm and an aspect ratio of 5.6, which show the same periodicity as the nanodot pattern, and (b) high etch rate cryogenic plasma process was used for pattern transfer. The result is the nanostructuring of Si by high aspect ratio nanotip or nanocone-like features that show excellent antireflective properties.

关键词： plasma nanoassembly etching nanodots nanopillars nanofabrication

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Downhole Water Sink Using Artificial Lifting Systems for Water Coning Control

Downhole Water Sink Using Artificial Lifting Systems for Wat...

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作者： angelos Sofocleous 中国石油大学(北京)

学位级别：硕士

全球石油开发井普遍面临水锥的现象,这种现象很严重,使得油气生产变得不经济。因为水锥会污染油气,污染环境,增加了油气开发的运营成本,这样会导致油井提前关井。本研究的目的在于设计一种新型采油方式,有效消除底水锥进。该研究将常规...

全球石油开发井普遍面临水锥的现象,这种现象很严重,使得油气生产变得不经济。因为水锥会污染油气,污染环境,增加了油气开发的运营成本,这样会导致油井提前关井。本研究的目的在于设计一种新型采油方式,有效消除底水锥进。该研究将常规的技术和新型技术相结合。该采油系统核心是井下油水分离,该技术已经证实可以有效的消除底水锥进。该技术通过对油水层的油和水进行分釆来达到井下油水分离的目的。电潜泵被用来釆水层的水,有杆泵用来开采油层的油。我们还考虑到用连续油管来进行人工举升。在这个系统的设计中我们用产能分析来确认产出的物质,根据这个结果设计了最合适的泵系统。结果表明,通过这些技术和方法的应用可以防止水锥进的现象,保持生产过程中储层压力稳定。这对于井的开发,生产成本和环境有积极的影响。同时,石油产量也将得到提高,井的寿命得到延长。

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