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Vallisneria spiralis L. adaptive capacity improves pore water chemistry and increasespotential nitrification in organic polluted sediments

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期13卷 72-89页

作者： Leonardo Morini Claudio ferrari Marco Bartoli Mindaugas Zilius Elias Broman Giovanna Visioli Department of Chemistry Life Science and Environmental Sustainability University of Parma Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences University of Ferrara Department of Integrative Marine Ecology (EMI) Genoa Marine Centre Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn-National Institute of Marine BiologyEcology and Biotechnology Marine Research Institute Klaipeda University Department of Ecology Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University Baltic Sea Centre Stockholm University

Background Macrophytes may modify benthic biodiversity and biogeochemistry via radial oxygen loss from roots. This condition contrasts sediments anoxia, allows roots respiration, and facilitates aerobic microbial communities and processes in the rhizosphere. Simultaneously, the rhizosphere can stimulate anaerobic microorganisms and processes via exudates or by favoring the build-up of electron acceptors as nitrate. As eutrophication often results in organic enrichment in sediments and large internal nutrients recycling, an interesting research question is to investigate whether plants maintain the capacity to stimulate aerobic or anaerobic microbial communities and processes also under elevated organic *** A manipulative experiment was carried out under laboratory-controlled conditions. Microcosms containing bare sediments and sediments transplanted with the macrophyte Vallisneria spiralis L. were created. The effect of the plant was investigated on sediments with moderate(8%) and elevated(21%) organic matter content, after an acclimatization period of 30 days. Chemical and physical parameters, microbial community composition and the potential rates of nitrification, denitrification and nitrate ammonification were measured at two different depths(0–1 and 1–5 cm) after the acclimatization period to evaluate the role of *** Vallisneria spiralis grew and assimilated pore water nutrients at the two organic matter levels and vegetated sediments had always nutrient-depleted porewaters as compared to bare sediments. Nitrifying microbes had a lower relative abundance and diversity compared to denitrifying bacteria. However, regardless of the organic content, in vegetated sediments nitrifiers were detected in deeper horizons as compared to bare sediments, where nitrification was confined near the surface. In contrast, potential denitrification rates were not affected by the presence of roots, but probably regulated by the presence of nitrate and by ro

关键词： Ammonium oxidation Macrophyte Microbial functional group Nature-based solution Nitrate reduction Rhizosphere

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Male and female guppies differ in problem-solving abilities

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Current Zoology 2020年第1期66卷 83-90页

作者： Tyrone LUCON-XICCATO Elia GATTO angelo BISAZZA Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology University of FerraraFerraraItaly Department of General Psychology University of PadovaPadovaItaly

In a number of species,males and females have different ecological roles and therefore might be required to solve different *** on humans have suggested that the 2 sexes often show different efficiencies in problem solving tasks;similarly,evidence of sex differences has been found in 2 other mammalian ***,we assessed whether a teleost fish species,the *** reticulata,displays sex differences in the ability to solve *** Experiment 1,guppies had to learn to dislodge a disc that occluded a feeder from which they had been previously accustomed to *** Experiment 2,guppies had to solve a version of the detour task that required them to learn to enter a transparent cylinder from the open sides to reach a food reward previously freely *** found evidence of sex differences in both problem-solvingi *** Experiment 1,females clearly outperformed males,and in Experiment 2,guppies showed a reversed but smaller sex *** study indicates that sex differences may play an important role in fish's problem-solving similar to what has previously been observed in some mammalian species.

关键词： fish cognition individual differences learning abilities problem solving sex differences

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Glycated hemoglobin and antidiabetic strategies as risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第24期16卷 3025-3032页

作者： Valter Donadon Massimiliano Balbi Francesca Valent angelo Avogaro Department of Medicine Internal Medicine 3rdPordenone Hospital Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology Udine University Hospital Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Padova University

AIM: To evaluate the relationship between glycemic control [assessed by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)], antidiabetic therapies and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS: We recruited 465 patients with HCC, 618 cases with liver cirrhosis and 490 controls with no liver disease. Among subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), the associations between the antidiabetic strategies and HbA1c level with HCC were determined through 2 series of multivariate logistic regression models using cirrhotic patients and controls as comparison groups. RESULTS: DM2 prevalence was 31.2% in patients with HCC, 23.2% in cirrhotic patients and 12.6% in controls (P < 0.0001). In 86% of study subjects, DM2 had been diagnosed for more than 1 year before the HCC diagnosis. HCC patients with DM2 had a 1.52.5fold increased risk of liver cancer. The HbA1c mean levels were signif icantly higher in DM2 patients with HCC than in cirrhoticand control DM2 patients. Antidiabetic treatment with metformin was more common among cirrhotic and control DM2 subjects than among cases with HCC. In both series of multivariate analyses, treatment with metformin signif icantly reduced the risk of HCC by more than 80% compared with sulphonylureas and insulin therapy. No signif icant differences were seen between sulphonylureas and insulin treatment. Elevated HbA1c levels were positively related to the risk for HCC in diabetic patients, with a 26%50% increase in risk for each 1% increase in HbA1c ***: In patients with preexisting DM2, the risk of HCC is positively associated with poor chronic glycemic control and significantly decreased by metformin therapy.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Type 2 diabetes mellitus Glycemic control Metformin therapy HbA1c level

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Herbivore performance and plant defense after sequential attacks by inducing and suppressing herbivores

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Insect Science 2019年第1期26卷 108-118页

作者： Elisa Faria de Oliveira angelo Pallini Arne Janssen Department of Entomology Federal University of VicosaVicosaMGBrazil Department of Entomology Federal University of Lavras LavrasMGBrazil Section Population Biology Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem DynamicsUniversity of Amsterdam Amsterdamthe Netherlands

It is well known that herbivore-induced plant defenses alter host plant quality and can affect the behavior and performance of later arriving *** of sequential attacks by herbivores that either suppress or induce plant defenses are less well *** sequentially infested leaves of tomato plants with a strain of the phytophagous spider mite Tetranychus urticae that induces plant defenses and the closely related Tetranychus evansi, which suppresses plant *** quality was quantified through oviposifion of both spider mite species and by measuring proteinase inhibitor activity using plant material that had been sequentially attacked by both herbivore ***-mite oviposifion data show that *** could suppress an earlier induction of plant defenses by ***,and *** could induce defenses in plants previously attacked by *** in 1 *** attacks by the second species did not result in further changes in *** inhibitor activity levels showed that *** suppressed the high activity levels induced by *** to constitutive levels in 1 day,and further suppressed activity to levels similar to those in plants attacked by *** *** by *** induced proteinase inhibitor activity in plants previously attacked by ***,eventually to similar levels as induced by *** ***,plant quality and plant defenses were significantly affected by sequential attacks and the order of attack does not affect subsequent performance,but does affect proteinase inhibitor activity *** on our results,we discuss the evolution of suppression of plant defenses.

关键词： plant defense plant-herbivore interactions plant quality sequential attack Tetranychus evansi Tetranychus urticae

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Current scenario of the genetic testing for rare neurological disorders exploiting next generation sequencing

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第3期16卷 475-481页

作者： Chiara Di Resta Giovanni Battista Pipitone Paola Carrera Maurizio ferrari Vita-Salute San Raffaele University MilanItaly Unit of Genomics for Human Disease Diagnosis Division of Genetics and Cell BiologyIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly Clinical Molecular Biology Laboratory IRCCS San Raffaele HospitalMilanItaly

Next generation sequencing is currently a cornerstone of genetic testing in routine diagnostics,allowing for the detection of sequence variants with so far unprecedented large scale,mainly in genetically heterogenous diseases,such as neurological *** is a fast-moving field,where new wet enrichment protocols and bioinformatics tools are constantly being developed to overcome initial *** the as yet undiscussed advantages,however,there are still some challenges in data analysis and the interpretation of *** this review,we address the current state of next generation sequencing diagnostic testing for inherited human disorders,particularly giving an overview of the available high-throughput sequencing approaches;including targeted,whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing;and discussing the main critical aspects of the bioinformatic process,from raw data analysis to molecular diagnosis.

关键词： clinical practice genetic testing neurogenesis next generation sequencing sequencing approaches variant interpretation

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Robustness and efficiency of voting consensus protocols within byzantine infrastructures

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2021年第1期2卷 1-14页

作者： angelo Capossele Sebastian Müller Andreas Penzkofer IOTA Foundation 10405BerlinGermany Aix-Marseille Universitae CNRSCentrale MarseilleI2MUMR 737313453MarseilleFrance

This paper investigates several voting consensus protocols with low computational complexity in noisy Byzantine *** computer simulations,we show that explicit randomization of the consensus protocol can significantly increase the robustness towards faulty and malicious *** identify the optimal amount of randomness for various Byzantine attack strategies on different kinds of network topologies.

关键词： Distributed systems Consensus protocols Byzantine infrastructures Simulation studies

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Bridging to liver transplantation patients with a hepatocellular carcinoma within Milan criteria: how worth is it?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2018年第3期7卷 202-205页

作者： angelo Sangiovanni Massimo Colombo Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology CRC“AM e A Migliavacca”Center for Liver DiseaseFondazione IRCCS CàGranda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoUniversitàdegli Studi di MilanoMilanoItaly Department of Medicine Humanitas Clinical and Research CenterHumanitas HospitalRozzanoItaly

The American Association for the Study of the Liver has recently provided conditional recommendations for locoregional ablative therapy to consolidate listing to liver transplantation of patients with a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) fulfilling the Milan criteria (MC, OPTN T2), an approach aiming at preventing tumor progression and patients to be delisted accordingly (1).

关键词： patients hepatocellular liver

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Dissecting the dendritic cell controversy in chronic hepatitis B virus infection

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2015年第3期12卷 283-291页

作者： Adam J. Gehring June Ann D'angelo Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Saint Louis University School of Medicine Saint Louis MO USA Saint Louis University Liver Center SaintLouis University School of Medicine Saint Louis MO USA

Therapeutic vaccines to boost endogenous T-cell immunity rely on the stimulatory capacity of dendritic cells （DCs）. The functionality of DCs in chronic hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection has been a long-standing debate. Therefore, we have attempted to summarize multiple studies investigating DC function in chronic HBV patients to determine whether common observations can be drawn. We found that the frequency and function of ex vivo-tested myeloid and plasmacytoid DCs were largely intact in patients with HBV infection and similar to those of healthy donor DCs. The main exception was reduced IFN-a production by plasmacytoid DC from chronic HBV patients. This reduced IFN-a production correlated with liver inflammation in multiple studies but not with viral load, suggesting that viral antigens have little effect on DC function. The majority of the confusion about DC function arises from studies reporting the reduced function of healthy donor DCs exposed to various sources of H BV in vitro. These direct effects of viral antigens are in contrast to data from HBV-infected patients. The variations in the assays used and areas that reauire further investigation are also covered

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Dendritic Cell Vaccination

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Quaternary folding in the south piedmont of central segment of Tianshan Mountains

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第22期47卷 1907-1911,1940-1942页

作者： JIA Dong J.Suppe A.Hubert-ferrari Department of Earthsciences Nanjing University Nanjing China Department of Geosciences Princeton University USA

The Tianshan Mountains are an important active structural belt in the interior of Eurasia. By integrated methods of surface geology survey and interpretation of seismic profiles, we distinguish fold scarps located at the south limb of the Kuqatawu anticline and the north limb of the Dongqiulitag anticline in the Kuqa rejuvenation foreland thrust belt, south piedmont of central segment of the Tianshan Mountains. Fold scarp is a newly found structural phenomenon. Because of the bend of thrust plane and the movement of hanging wall above the thrust plane, the original horizontal deposits of hanging wall and their surface become a monocline structure, resulting from the separating and migration of the active and fixed axial surfaces. Measuring the geometry of fold scarp and using the data of age of the deformed deposits, the crustal shortening rate resulting from the deeply seated subsurface thrust is calculated. The crustal shortening rate reflected by the fold scarp located at the north limb of the

关键词： Tianshan Mountains Kuqa fold scarp crustal shortening rate fault-related fold.

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Velocity profiles description and shape factors inclusion in a hyperbolic,one-dimensional,transient two-fluid model for stratified and slug flow simulations in pipes

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Petroleum 2019年第2期5卷 191-198页

作者： Arianna Bonzanini Davide Picchi Marco ferrari Pietro Poesio Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica ed Industriale Universita degli Studi di BresciaVia Branze3825123BresciaItaly Energy Resources Engineering Stanford UniversityStanford94305CAUnited States Department of Mathematics Politecnico di Milanop.zza Leonardo da Vinci3220133MilanItaly

In a previous work it has been shown that a one-dimensional,hyperbolic,transient five equations twofluid model is able to numerically describe stratified,wavy,and slug flow in horizontal and nearhorizontal *** statistical characteristics can be numerically predicted with results in good agreement with experimental data and well-known empirical *** this model some approximated and simplified assumptions are adopted to describe shear stresses at wall and at phase *** this paper,we focus on the possibility to account for the cross sectional flow by inserting shape factors into the momentum balance equations of the aforementioned *** profiles are obtained by a pre-integrated model and they are computed at each time step and at each computational *** that the velocity profiles are known,the obtained shape factors are inserted in the numerical *** this way it is possible to recover part of the information lost due to the one-dimensional flow *** profiles computed in stratified conditions are compared against experimental profiles measured by PIV technique;a method to compute the velocity profile during slug initiation and growth has been developed and the computed velocity distribution in the liquid phase was compared against the one-seventh power law.

关键词： Multi-phase pipeline transport Oil&gas Hyperbolic two-fluid model Velocity profiles Shape factors

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