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Alcohol use disorder and liver injury related to the COVID-19 pandemic

World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第10期14卷 1875-1883页

作者： Giuseppe Marano Gianandrea Traversi Eleonora Gaetani Roberto Pola angelo emilio claro Marianna Mazza Department of Geriatrics Neuroscience and OrthopedicsFondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCSUniversita Cattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Dipartimento di Medicina di Laboratorio UOSD Genetica MedicaOspedale Generale“San Giovanni Calibita”FatebenefratelliRome 00186Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCSUniversita Cattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Division of Internal Medicine Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCSUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy

Alcohol use disorder is a complex and heterogeneous phenomenon that can be studied from several points of view by focusing on its different *** is a hepatotoxin whose metabolism creates profound alterations within the *** liver is the central organ in the metabolism of alcohol,a process that also involves other organs and tissues such as the brain,heart and muscles,but the most relevant organ is the *** anatomopathological alterations in the liver associated with the prolonged use of alcohol range from the simple accumulation of neutral fats in the hepatocytes,to cirrhosis and hepatocellular *** abuse frequently leads to liver disease such as steatosis,steatohepatitis,fibrosis,cirrhosis,and *** the spread of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),there was an increase in alcohol consumption,probably linked to the months of lockdown and smart *** is known that social isolation leads to a considerable increase in stress,and it is also recognized that high levels of stress can result in an increase in alcohol *** patients or subjects with liver cancer are immunocompromised,so they may be more exposed to COVID-19 infection with a worse *** review focuses on the fact that the COVID-19 pandemic has made the emergence of alcohol-induced liver damage a major medical and social problem.

关键词： Alcohol use disorder Alcoholic liver disease Liver injury COVID-19 Alcohol abuse Alcohol dependence

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Reconsidering the role of depression and common psychiatric disorders as partners in the type 2 diabetes epidemic

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第6期15卷 1374-1380页

作者： angelo emilio claro Clelia Palanza Marianna Mazza Alessandro Rizzi Andrea Corsello Linda Tartaglione Giuseppe Marano Giovanna Elsa Ute Muti Schuenemann Marta Rigoni Alfredo Pontecorvi Luigi Janiri Paola Muti Dario Pitocco Diabetes Care Unit Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesFondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSRome 00168Italy Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental SciencesUniversity of MilanMilan 20122Italy Istituto Italiano di Antropologia ISItARome 00100Italy Unit of Psychiatry Department of NeurosciencesFondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale UniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Health Research Methods Evidence and Impact DepartmentMcMaster UniversityOntario 1280Canada Department of Endocrine-Metabolic and Dermo-Rheumatology Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCSUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy

Common psychiatric disorders(CPDs)and depression contribute significantly to the global epidemic of type 2 diabetes(T2D).We postulated a possible pathophysiological mechanism that through Bridge-Symptoms present in depression and CPDs,promotes the establishment of emotional eating,activation of the reward system,onset of overweight and obesity and,ultimately the increased risk of developing *** plausibility of the proposed pathophysiological mechanism is supported by the mechanism of action of drugs such as naltrexonebupropion currently approved for the treatment of both obesity/overweight with T2D and as separate active pharmaceutical ingredients in drug addiction,but also from initial evidence that is emerging regarding glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists that appear to be effective in the treatment of drug *** hope that our hypothesis may be useful in interpreting the higher prevalence of CPDs and depression in patients with T2D compared with the general population and may help refine the integrated psychiatric-diabetic therapy approach to improve the treatment and or remission of T2D.

关键词： Depression Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists Diabetes mellitus type 2 Stress psychological Sleep wake disorders Food addiction

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Why do we not reverse the path?Stress can cause depression,reduction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and increased inflammation

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第9期12卷 1264-1267页

作者： angelo emilio claro Clelia Palanza Marianna Mazza Alessandro Rizzi Linda Tartaglione Giuseppe Marano Giovanna Muti-Schuenemann Marta Rigoni Paola Muti Alfredo Pontecorvi Luigi Janiri Gabriele Sani Dario Pitocco Department of Geriatrics Neuroscience and OrthopedicsFondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCSUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Istituto Italiano di Antropologia IsiTaRome 00185Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCSUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Health Research Methods Evidence and Impact DepartmentMcMaster UniversityOntario K9V 0A0Canada Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental SciencesUniversity of MilanMilan 20126Italy Department of Endocrine-Metabolic and Dermo-Rheumatology Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCSUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCSUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy

The aim of this paper is to describe the direction of the link between stress,depression,increased inflammation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)*** hypothesize that severe stress or prolonged stress can be the driving factor that promote the onset of *** stress and depression,if not resolved over time,activate the production of transcription factors that will switch on pro-inflammatory genes and translate them into *** cascade fosters systemic chronic inflammation and reduced plasma BDNF *** people with depression have a 60%increased risk of developing type 2diabetes(T2D)and show high levels of inflammation and low levels of BDNF,we hypothesize possible reasons that might explain why T2D,depression and dementia are often associated in the same patient.

关键词： Depression Inflammation Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Type 2 diabetes mellitus Dementia Psychological stress

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