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Marker-Assisted Introgression of Quantitative Resistance Gene pi21 Confers Broad Spectrum Resistance to Rice Blast

Rice science 2020年第2期27卷 113-123页

作者： Rosalyn B.angeles-SHIM Vincent P.REYES Marilyn Mdel VALLE Ruby S.LAPIS Junghyun SHIM Hidehiko SUNOHARA Kshirod K.JENA Motoyuki ASHIKARI Kazuyuki DOI Plant Breeding Division International Rice Research InstituteDAPO Box 7777Metro Manilathe Philippines Bioscience and Biotechnology Center Nagoya UniversityChikusa-ku Furo-choNagoyaAichi 464-8601Japan Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya UniversityChikusa-ku Furo-choNagoyaAichi 464-8601Japan Department of Plant and Soil Science College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTexas 79409USA

The quantitative resistance gene pi21 from Sensho was introgressed to an indica breeding line IR63307-4B-13-2,a pyramiding line IRBB4/5/13/21,and a tropical japonica line Kinandang Patong by marker-assisted backcrossing.A total of 192 improved lines at the BC4F3 and BC4F4 generations were developed and confirmed to have the gene introgression via genotyping using a pi21-specific InDel *** randomly selected improved lines,representing all the three genetic backgrounds,demonstrated resistance against leaf blast composites in the field and a broader spectrum resistance against individual isolates compared to the recurrent parents in the ***,the tested lines exhibited pi21-acquired resistance against 11 leaf blast isolates that elicited susceptible reactions from the recurrent *** the tested lines maintained a comparative heading date,and similar or improved panicle length,number of primary branches per panicle and number of total grains per panicle relative to the recurrent *** physical grain characteristics of the recurrent parents were also maintained in the 13 lines tested,although variability in the amylose content and chalkiness degree was *** successful marker-assisted introgression of pi21 in diverse genetic backgrounds and the resulting broader spectrum resistance of improved lines against leaf blast indicate the potential of pi21 for deployment in cultivars grown across other rice growing regions in Asia.

关键词： rice blast pi21 gene marker-assisted breeding disease resistance

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A Method Combining Numerical Analysis and Limit Equilibrium Theory to Determine Potential Slip Surfaces in Soil Slopes

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Journal of Mountain Science 2011年第5期8卷 718-727页

作者： XIAO Shiguo YAN Liping CHENG Zhiqiang Department of Geological Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 China Los angeles Department of Water and Power Los Angeles USA Department of Applied Mechanics and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 China

This paper describes a precise method combining numerical analysis and limit equilibrium theory to determine potential slip surfaces in soil slopes. In this method, the direction of the critical slip surface at any point in a slope is determined using the Coulomb’s strength principle and the extremum principle based on the ratio of the shear strength to the shear stress at that point. The ratio, which is considered as an analysis index, can be computed once the stress field of the soil slope is obtained. The critical slip direction at any point in the slope must be the tangential direction of a potential slip surface passing through the point. Therefore, starting from a point on the top of the slope surface or on the horizontal segment outside the slope toe, the increment with a small distance into the slope is used to choose another point and the corresponding slip direction at the point is computed. Connecting all the points used in the computation forms a potential slip surface exiting at the starting point. Then the factor of safety for any potential slip surface can be computed using limit equilibrium method like Spencer method. After factors of safety for all the potential slip surfaces are obtained, the minimum one is the factor of safety for the slope and the corresponding potential slip surface is the critical slip surface of the slope. The proposed method does not need to pre-assume the shape of potential slip surfaces. Thus it is suitable for any shape of slip surfaces. Moreover the method is very simple to be applied. Examples are presented in this paper to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed method programmed in ANSYS software by macro commands.

关键词： Soil slope Stress field Potential slip surface Slope stability Factor of safety Numerical analysis Limit equilibrium method ANSYS software

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Neural correlates of focused attention in patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2012年第4期2卷 223-230页

作者： Jennifer R. Bowes Patrick Stroman angeles Garcia Centre for Neuroscience Studies Queen’s University Kingston Ontario Canada

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is characterized by an early and significant memory impairment, and progresses to affect other cognitive domains. Impairments in Focused Attention (FA) have been observed in patients diagnosed with mild AD. A functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) Stroop paradigm with verbal responses was used to investigate the neural correlates of FA in AD patients. Twenty-one patients diagnosed with mild AD performed a verbal Stroop—fMRI paradigm. Colour words were printed in an incongruent ink colour. Series 1 consisted of four blocks “Read the word” followed by four blocks “Say the colour of the ink”;Series 2 alternated between the two conditions. Functional data were analyzed using SPM5 to detect anatomical areas with significant signal intensity differences between the conditions. Within-group analyses of the colour minus word contrast yielded significant activation in the following left hemisphere regions: precentral gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, fusiform gyrus and supplementary motor area (p < 0.05, uncorrected). Relative to cognitively normal older adults who underwent the same experimental task, Stroop performance was significantly worse in AD patients. The fMRI task yielded similar activated brain regions between the two groups. The use of verbal responses in this novel fMRI Stroop task avoids the confusion and memorizing of button locations seen with the manual response modality, allowing the neural correlates of FA to be investigated in AD patients.

关键词： fMRI Focused Attention Stroop Alzheimer’s Disease

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Neural correlates of focused attention in cognitively normal older adults

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2011年第2期1卷 19-27页

作者： Jennifer R. Bowes Patrick Stroman angeles Garcia 不详

Focused attention (FA) is among the cognitive functions that decline with aging. The Stroop task was used to investigate the neural correlates underlying FA in cognitively normal older adults. Twenty-one participants underwent a novel functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) verbal Stroop task paradigm. Colour words were printed in an incongruent ink colour. Series 1 consisted of four blocks “Read the word” followed by four blocks “Say the colour of the ink”;Series 2 alternated between the two conditions. Functional data were analyzed using SPM5 to detect anatomical areas with significant signal intensity differences between the conditions. Within-group analyses of the “Say the colour of the ink” minus “Read the word” contrast yielded significant activation in the left supplementary motor area, bilateral inferior frontal gyrus, bilateral precentral gyrus, left insula and right superior frontal gyrus (p < 0.05, uncorrected). These results, using verbal responses, are consistent with previous manual modality Stroop-fMRI studies in older adults. Verbal responses may provide a more suitable modality for older adults and certain patient populations.

关键词： Fmri Focused Attention Stroop

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Physicochemical Characterization and Solubility Enhancement Studies of Mebendazole Solid Dispersions in Solvent Mixtures

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2016年第7期4卷 351-358页

作者： Pefia Maria angeles Escalera Begofia Torrado Guillermo Natalini Paola Department of Biomedical Science Facultad de Farmacia Universidad de Alcal~ Alcal6 de Henares Madrid Spain Planta Piloto de Ingenieria Quimica (Plapiqui-Uns-Conicet) Bahia Blanca Argentina

Abstract： The objective was to obtain solid dispersion to improve the dissolution rate, solubility and oral absorption of MB （mebendazole）, poor water-soluble drugs. The new formulation was characterized by DSC （differential scanning calorimetry）, PXRD （powder X-ray diffraction）, FT-1R （fourier transform infrared spectroscopy） and STEM （scanning transmission electron microscopy） methods. Solid dispersions of MB with polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 （PVP K30） were prepared by solvent evaporation method. The solubility of MB （original powder） and that of the solid dispersions was measured at 25℃ in ethanol-water. The aqueous solubility of MB was favoured by the presence of the polymer in solvent mixtures. Combination of solid dispersions with co-solvents increased the water solubility of MB in a larger extent that each method separately. Solubility parameter （o） was used to relate to solubility profiles. MB and the solid dispersions show a solubility curve with a single peak at 51 = 30.78 MPav2. Solid state characterizations indicated that the solid dispersion exist an amorphous material entrapped in polymer matrix getting highest improvement in wettability and solubility.

关键词： Mebendazole PVP K30 solubility solid dispersion solubility parameter.

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考虑摩擦的摆线锥齿轮参数激励振动特性研究

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振动与冲击 2014年第16期33卷 90-96页

作者：刘志峰郭春华杨文通张志民蔡力钢 Jorge angeles 北京工业大学机械工程与应用电子技术学院北京100124 Mc Gill University Canada

考虑摩擦与参数激励影响建立摆线锥齿轮副啮合模型。以齿轮副啮合点间沿啮合线相对位移为广义坐标,用Lagrange原理建立主、从动齿轮扭转振动平衡方程,通过降阶、解耦及归一化获得系统动力学方程。采用四五阶Runge-Kutta法对动力学方程求... 详细信息

考虑摩擦与参数激励影响建立摆线锥齿轮副啮合模型。以齿轮副啮合点间沿啮合线相对位移为广义坐标,用Lagrange原理建立主、从动齿轮扭转振动平衡方程,通过降阶、解耦及归一化获得系统动力学方程。采用四五阶Runge-Kutta法对动力学方程求解,给出摩擦因子对轮齿啮合点位移响应关系曲线;基于系统参数激励,对比分析有无摩擦时阻尼水平、外载荷、传递误差、刚度及激励频率对振动特性影响规律,给出相应参数激励下位移响应关系曲线。仿真结果表明,摩擦能有效抑制轮齿啮合点参数激励位移响应幅值,使峰值频率发生漂移;摩擦、激励频率均能改变系统运动状态、增加系统运动的复杂性。

关键词：摆线锥齿轮摩擦参数激励响应关系曲线峰值频率漂移

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Photochemical Degradation of the Ciprofloxacin Antibiotic and Its Microbiological Validation

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2012年第4期1卷 448-453页

作者： Fernando Hernaindez Antonio Rivera angeles Ojeda Teresa Zayas Lilia Cedillo Environmental Chemistry Labs Chemical Center Sciences Institute BenJmerita Universidad Aut6noma de Puebla Puebla 72570Mexico Center for Mierobioloeical Sciences Research. Bendmerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla. Puebla 72570. Mexico Chemical Engineering Faculty Benemerita Universidad A utonoma de Puebla Puebla 72570 Mexico

In this research, it used advanced oxidation processes for the recovery, detoxification and mineralization of wastewater mainly contaminated by antibiotics （ciprofloxacin）. These processes can be used alone or in combination with each other or by complementing traditional methods, even allowing the disinfection of bacterial and viral inactivation. With the use of experimental systems UV/H202/O3, UV/H202, it can achieve total mineralization of the compound. Ciprofloxacin solutions used at 50, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm, degraded to 100% of antibiotics and by a microbiological method show that the loss of biological activity is inversely proportional to the time of irradiation.

关键词： Emerging contaminants advanced oxidation processes antibiotics photodegradation.

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Synthesis and Characterization of TiO<sub>2</sub>Porous Films for Heterogeneous Photocatalysis

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Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering 2014年第1期3卷 36-40页

作者： Julio C. Morales Mejia Lucero angeles Rafael Almanza Instituto de Ingenieria Universidad Nacional Autonóma de México México DF México Instituto de Ingenieria Universidad Nacional Autonóma de México México DF México Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlan Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico México DF México

Heterogeneous photocatalysis is one of the advanced oxidation processes (AOP’s). These are very used nowadays for their implementation in tertiary water treatment with solar activation, with very good results. In this study, TiO2 porous films were synthesized by sol-gel method. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000 was used as a templating reagent, which is oxidized at a lower temperature than TiO2. This allows the formation of a “skeleton” of porous TiO2 with increased surface area, resulting in higher photocatalytic activity. The film characterization was made with help of FE-SEM microscope, XRD diffractometer and scotch tape test. Finally, the oxidation experiments were performed using methylene blue as a model pollutant and they revealed an increase in the photocatalytic activity of porous films in comparison with the non-porous films.

关键词： TiO2 Porous Films Sol-Gel Method Photocatalysis PEG

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FRACTURE TOUGHNESS OF ORDERED INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS FROM SMALL DISKSHAPED SPECIMENS

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 1999年第S1期9卷 106-116页

作者： Alan J.Ardell Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los angeles, CA 90095 1595, U.S.A.

The miniaturized disk bend test(MDBT) can be used to measure the fracture toughness at “infinite" crack length, K ∞, of ordered intermetallic compounds. The specimens tested are disks 3 mm in diameter and typically range in thickness from 250 to 400 μm. A Vickers indentation is impressed within ±10 μm of the center of a metallographically polished disk under a known load, F . The specimen is then subjected to biaxial loading, with the indented side in tension, and tested to failure. In completely brittle intermetallics the fracture stress, σ f, is calculated using a standard formula and measured experimentally as a function of F . When plasticity intervenes prior to fracture it is necessary to calculate the stress using finite element modeling (FEM), the FEM program NIKE2D has been used. Whether or not the specimens deform plastically, the resulting data on σ f vs F are analyzed using established equations of fracture mechanics in conjunction with an empirical rising R curve equation that characterizes the increase in fracture resistance, K R( c ), with crack length, c . Results are presented on several ordered intermetallic compounds. These include Ni 3Ge and Ti 5Si 3, which exhibit no ductility prior to fracture, and NiAl and a complex TiAl alloy, which both exhibit limited ductility before fracturing. The values of K ∞ determined with the MDBT are in very good agreement with values of K IC measured using conventional methods.

关键词： ordered intermetallics Ni 3Ge Ti 5Si 3 TiAl fracture toughness miniature disk bend test

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Impact of SARS-CoV-2 on neuropsychiatric disorders

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第7期11卷 347-354页

作者： Maria angeles Robinson-Agramonte Carlos-Alberto Goncalves Elena Noris-García NaybíPréndes Rivero Anna Lisa Brigida Stephen Schultz Dario Siniscalco Ramiro Jorge García García Neuroimmunology Department Research CenterInternational Center for Neurological RestorationHavana 11300Cuba Department of Biochemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90040-060Brazil Immunology Department National Institute of NephrologyHavana 10600Cuba Department of Mental Health San Antonio de los Baños HospitalHavana 38100Cuba Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine University of CampaniaNaples 80138Italy Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology School of MedicineUniversity of Texas Health San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78229United States Department of Experimental Medicine University of CampaniaNaples 80138Italy Children Hospital“Juan Manuel Márquez” Havana 11500Cuba

Evolving data show a variable expression of clinical neurological manifestations in patients suffering with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)from early disease *** most frequent symptoms and signs are fatigue,dizziness,impaired consciousness,ageusia,anosmia,radicular pain,and headache,as well as *** on the high number of series of cases reported,there is evidence for the implication of the immune system in the pathological mechanism of *** the exact role of the immunological mechanism is not elucidated,two main mechanisms are suggested which implicate the direct effect of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in the central nervous system and *** the context of neurological manifestations associated with COVID-19,neuropsychiatric disorders show an exacerbation and are described by symptoms and signs such as depression,anxiety,mood alterations,psychosis,post-traumatic stress disorder,delirium,and cognitive impairment,which appear to be common in COVID-19 survivors.A worsened score on psychopathological measures is seen in those with a history of psychiatric *** review the neuropsychiatric manifestations associated with COVID-19 and some critical aspects of the innate and adaptive immune system involved in mental health disorders occurring in COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 Immunological mechanism Neuropsychiatric manifestation Cytokine storm Adaptive immune response Innate immune response

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