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Is there a latitudinal gradient in the proportion of species with spinescence?

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第2期10卷 294-300页

作者： marianne L.Tindall Fiona J.Thomson Shawn W.Laffan angela T.moles School of Biological Earth and Environmental SciencesUNSW AustraliaNSW 2052Australia Ecosystems&Global Change Team Landcare ResearchLincoln 7640New Zealand

Aims We aimed to test the hypothesis that plants that grow at lower lati-tudes will be better structurally defended than plants from higher *** We collated binary spinescence data for 5145 species across Australia and New *** dataset spanned 35°of latitude,and included over 1 million observations,making it the larg-est empirical study ever conducted for a single physical defence trait.A weighted logistic regression was applied first within Australia and New Zealand separately,and then across the com-bined *** Findings There was no significant latitudinal gradient in the proportion of spe-cies with spinescence in Australia or New Zealand,or in the overall *** is,plant species are no more likely to be defended by spines at low latitudes than at high *** finding is counter to the idea that plant defences increase with latitude due to increased selective pressure from higher levels of *** suggest that future studies should investigate the relationship between herbivory and defence directly,without using latitude as a proxy.

关键词： latitude physical defence plant-herbivore interactions spine thorn structural defence

BioClay^(Tm)prolongs RNA interference-mediated crop protection against Botrytis cinerea

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第11期64卷 2187-2198页

作者： Jonatan Niño-Sánchez Prabhakaran T.Sambasivam Anne Sawyer Rachael Hamby angela Chen Elizabeth Czislowski Peng Li Narelle manzie Donald m.Gardiner Rebecca Ford Zhi Ping Xu Neena mitter Hailing Jin Department of microbiology&Plant Pathology Center for Plant Cell BiologyInstitute for Integrative Genome BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaRiversideCalifornia92521USA Department of Plant Production and Forest Resources University of ValladolidPalencia 34004Spain iuFOR‐Sustainable Forest management Research Institute University of Valladolid–INIAPalencia 34004Spain Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security Griffith UniversityNathanQueensland4111Australia School of Chemistry and molecular Biosciences The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueensland4072Australia Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation Centre for Horticultural ScienceThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueensland4072Australia School of Agriculture and Food Sciences The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueensland4072Australia Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueensland4072Australia

One of the most promising tools for the control of fungal plant diseases is spray-induced gene silencing(SIGS).In SIGS,small interfering RNA(siRNA)or double-stranded RNA(dsRNA)targeting essential or virulence-related pathogen genes are exogenously applied to plants and postharvest products to trigger RNA interference(RNAi)of the targeted genes,inhibiting fungal growth and ***,SIGS is limited by the unstable nature of RNA under environmental *** use of layered double hydroxide or clay particles as carriers to deliver biologically active dsRNA,a formulation termed BioClay^(Tm),can enhance RNA durability on plants,prolonging its activity against ***,we demonstrate that dsRNA delivered as BioClay can prolong protection against Botrytis cinerea,a major plant fungal pathogen,on tomato leaves and fruit and on mature chickpea *** increased the protection window from 1 to 3 weeks on tomato leaves and from 5 to 10 days on tomato fruits,when compared with naked *** flowering chickpea plants,BioClay provided prolonged protection for up to 4 weeks,covering the critical period of poding,whereas naked dsRNA provided limited *** research represents a major step forward for the adoption of SIGS as an eco-friendly alternative to traditional fungicides.

关键词： Bio Clay double stranded RNA layered double hydroxide RNA interference spray-induced gene silencing

Changes in interleukin-6 tear concentration and clinical outcome in moderate-to-severe bacterial corneal ulcers after corneal collagen cross-linking

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第8期11卷 1421-1424页

作者： marzarendra Dhion Erlangga Indra Tri mahayana Jajah Fachiroh angela Nurini Agni Agus Supartoto Suhardjo Pawiroranu Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine PublicHealth and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta 55284 Indonesia Departement of Biomolecular and Cell Biology Faculty of Medicine Public Health and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta 55284 Indonesia

We aimed to evaluate interleukin-6（IL-6） tear concentration and clinical outcome in patients with moderate-to-severe bacterial corneal ulcers post corneal collagen cross-linking（CXL） therapy. This pre-post designed study involving 21 moderate-to-severe corneal ulcer patients who underwent CXL therapy. Patients with infectious corneal ulcer were given CXL therapy as adjunctive treatment after 5 d of broadspectrum antibiotic treatment. Patients with moderate to severe infectious bacterial corneal ulcers were included in this study. Tear sampling was performed before CXL therapy, using sterile Schimer paper from conjunctival inferior fornix. CXL therapy was performed in accordance with the CXL Dresden protocol. Data recording and tear sampling were then performed at day 1 and day 7 after CXL therapy. Data recording included, presence of conjunctival hyperemia, visual analogue scale（VAS）, size of corneal defects, and decemetocele. There was a decrease in IL-6 tear concentration by day 7 after CXL therapy（P=0.001）. IL-6 concentration at 1 h after therapy（2274.67±2120.46 pg/m L） tended to be lower than before therapy（4330.09±3169.70 pg/m L）, but the difference was not statistically significant（P=0.821）. The size of corneal defects decreased significantly post CXL（P=0.007）. The log mAR visual acuity before and after CXL therapy was not found to be significantly different（P=0.277）. There was a significant decrease in VAS values（P=0.018） and blepharospasm（P=0.011） pre and post CXL. There was no significant decrease in conjunctival hyperemia pre and post CXL（P=0.293）. There was significant reduction in IL-6 tear concentration and clinical improvement in moderateto-severe bacterial corneal ulcers which underwent CXL therapy.

关键词： corneal ulcers bacterial keratitis collagencross-linking interleukin-6

Proton-pump inhibitor use does not affect semen luality in subfertile men

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第3期20卷 290-293页

作者： Sorena Keihani James R Craig Chong Zhang angela P Presson Jeremy B myers William O Brant Kenneth I Aston Benjamin R Emery Timothy G Jenkins Douglas T Carrell James m Hotaling Division of Urology Department of Surgery University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah 84132 USA Division of Epidemiology Department of Internal Medicine University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah 84132 USA Andrology and IVF Laboratory Department of Surgery (Urology) University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah 84108 USA

Proton-pump inhibitors （PPIs） are among the most widely used drugs worldwide. PPI use has recently been linked to adverse changes in semen quality in healthy men; however, the effects of PPI use on semen parameters remain largely unknown specifically in cases with male factor infertility. We examined whether PPI use was associated with detrimental effects on semen parameters in a large population of subfertile men. We retrospectively reviewed data from 12 257 subfertile men who had visited our fertility clinic from 2003 to 2013. Patients who reported using any PPIs for 〉3 months before semen sample collection were included; 7698 subfertile men taking no medication served as controls. Data were gathered on patient age, medication use, and conventional semen parameters; patients taking any known spermatotoxic medication were excluded. Linear mixed-effect regression models were used to test the effect of PPI use on semen parameters adjusting for age. A total of 248 patients （258 samples） used PPIs for at least 3 months before semen collection. In regression models, PPI use （either as the only medication or when used in combination with other nonspermatotoxic medications） was not associated with statistically significant changes in semen parameters. To our knowledge, this is the largest study to compare PPI use with semen parameters in subfertile men. Using PPIs was not associated with detrimental effects on semen quality in this retrospective study.

关键词： infertility proton-pump inhibitors semen analysis sperm quality spermatozoa

Avoiding impression tears in gingival embrasures of anterior preparations

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2013年第7期3卷 335-337页

作者： michele m. Harutunian angela De Bartolo Denise Estafan Cariology and Comprehensive care Department New York University College of Dentistry New York USA

As restorative dentists, we are faced everyday with decisions about which impression materials and techniques should be used when restoring teeth. The challenge becomes bigger when the patients present with open gingival embrasures, the dreaded “black triangles”, which tops the list of dentist frustration while taking the impression and after preparation of veneers, crowns, bridges, etc. The technique described offers an option to avoid problems related to impressions locking in gingival embrasures and tearing on removal.

关键词： Black Triangles Impression Tears Gingival Embrasures Polyvinyl Siloxane Impression material

mediation role of cardiorespiratory fitness on the association between fatness and cardiometabolic risk in European adolescents: The HELENA study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第3期10卷 360-367页

作者： Carlos Cristi-montero Javier Courel-Ibanez Francisco B.Ortega Jose Castro-Pinero Alba Santaliestra-Pasias angela Polito Jeremy Vanhelst Ascension marcos Luis m.moreno Jonatan R.Ruiz IRyS Group Physical Education SchoolPontificia Universidad Catolicade ValparaisoValparaisso 2530388Chile Department of Physical Activity and Sport Faculty of Sport SciencesUniversity of MurciaMurcia 30071Spain PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group(PROFITH) Department of Physical Education and SportsFaculty of Sport SciencesUniversity of GranadaGranada 18001Spain Department of Physical Education Faculty of Education SciencesUniversity of CadizPuerto Real 11003Spain Department of Health and Human Performance School of Health SciencesUniversity of ZaragozaZaragoza 50001Spain Growth ExerciseNutrition and Development(GENUD)Research GroupZaragoza 50001Spain National Institute for Food and Nutrition Research Rome 80070Italy Lille Inflammation Research International Center University of LilleLille 59000France Immunonutrition Research Group Department Metabolism and NutritionInstitute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition(ICTAN)Spanish National Research Council(CSIC)Madrid E-28040 Spain

Purpose:This study was aimed to analyze the mediation role of cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF)on the association between fatness and cardiometabolic risk scores(CmRs)in European ***:A cross-sectional study was conducted in adolescents(n=525;46%boys;14.1±1.1 years old,mean ±SD)from 10 European cities involved in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence *** was measured by means of the shuttle run test,while fatness measures included body mass index(BmI),waist to height ratio,and fat mass index estimated from skinfold thicknesses.A clustered CmRs was computed by summing the standardized values of homeostasis model assessment,systolic blood pressure,triglycerides,total cholesterol/highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol ratio,and ***:Linear regression models indicated that CRF acted as an important and partial mediator in the association between fatness and CmRs in 1217-year-old adolescents(for BmI:coefficients of the indirect role b=0.058(95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.023-0.101),Sobel test z=3.11(10.0%mediation);for waist to height ratio:b=4.279(95%CI:2.242-7.059),z=3.86(11.5%mediation);and for fat mass index:b=0.060(95%CI:0.020-0.106),z=2.85(9.4%mediation);all pmRs could be partially decreased with improvements to fitness levels;therefore,CRF contribution both in the clinical field and public health could be important to consider and promote in adolescents independently of their fatness levels.

关键词： Cardiovascular disease Children Fat mass Fitness Health Physical activity

Neuropsychological Tests and measurement of Comorbidity in Predicting Driving Competence among memory Clinic Patients

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Psychology Research 2016年第10期6卷 559-566页

作者： Bernadette A. Fausto Bonnie mclntosh Celisa Bonner angela m. mcBride University of South Florida Florida USA madonna Ptak Center forAlzheimer's and memory Loss atmorton Plant mease Florida USA Private Practice Florida USA

Advanced small-bowel well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumours:An international survey of practice on 3rd-line treatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第10期27卷 976-989页

作者： angela Lamarca mauro Cives Louis de mestier Joakim Crona Francesca Spada KjellÖberg marianne Pavel Teresa Alonso-Gordoa Department of medical Oncology European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society Centre of ExcellenceThe Christie NHS Foundation TrustUniversity of ManchesterManchester M204BXUnited Kingdom Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology University of Bari Aldo MoroBari 70121Italy Department of Gastroenterology and Pancreatology European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society Center of ExcellenceParis-Diderot UniversityClichy 75006France Department of medical Sciences Uppsala UniversityUppsala SE-75185Sweden Gastrointestinal medical Oncology and Neuroendocrine Tumors Unit European Institute of OncologyMilan 20141Italy Department of Endocrine Oncology Uppsala University HospitalUppsala SE-75185Sweden Department of Endocrinology Universitatsklinikum ErlangenErlangen 91054Germany medical Oncology Department The Ramón y Cajal Health Research InstituteAlcaláUniversityUniversity Hospital Ramon y CajalMadrid 28034Spain

BACKGROUND Somatostatin analogues are an established first-line therapy for well differentiated small bowel neuroendocrine tumours(Wd-SBNETs),while and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy(PRRT)is frequently used as a second-line *** treatment selection of third-line treatment remains challenging due to the limited prospective data currently available on the best therapeutic *** To understand current practice and rationale for decision-making by physicians in the 3rd-line setting by building an online *** Weighted average(WA)of likelihood of usage between responders(1 very unlikely;4 very likely)was used to reflect the relevance of factors *** Replies from representatives of 28 centers were received(5/8/2020-21/9/2020);medical oncologist(53.6%),gastroenterologist(17.9%);United Kingdom(21.4%),Spain(17.9%),Italy(14.3%).majority from European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society(ENETS)Centres of Excellence(57.1%),who followed ENETS guidelines(82.1%).Generally speaking,3rd-line treatment for Wd-SBNETs was:everolimus(EVE)(66.7%),PRRT(18.5%),liver embolization(LE)(7.4%)and interferon-alpha(IFN)(3.7%);chemotherapy(0%);decision was based on clinical trial data(59.3%),or personal experience(22.2%).EVE was most likely used if Ki-67me(CS),rate of progression or extent of *** was mainly utilised only if rapid progression(within 6 mo)(WA 3.35/4),Ki-6710%-20%(WA 2.77/4),negative somatostatin receptor imaging(WA 2.65/4)or high tumour burden(WA 2.77/4);temozolomide or streptozocin was used with capecitabine or 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)(57.7%),FOLFOX(5-FU combined with oxaliplatin)(23.1%).LE was selected if presence of CS(WA 3.24/4)or Ki-67ments(WA 2.8/4).IFN was rarely used(WA 1.3/4).CONCLUSION Everolimus was the most frequently used therapeutic option in the t

关键词： Neuroendocrine tumour Small bowel Survey Third-line Advanced Practice

Thermo-mechanical dynamics of nanoimprinting anti-reflective structures onto small-core mid-IR chalcogenide fibers [Invited]

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Chinese Optics Letters 2021年第3期19卷 46-52页

作者： Christian R.Petersen mikkel B.Lotz Christos markos Getinet Woyessa David Furniss angela B.Seddon Rafael J.Taboryski O.Bang DTU Fotonik Technical University of DenmarkDK-2800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark DTU Nanolab Technical University of DenmarkDK-2800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark NORBLIS DK-2830 VirumDenmark mid-Infrared Photonics Group University of NottinghamNottingham NG72RDUK NKT Photonics DK-3460 Bi「ke「0dDenmark

Thermal nanoimprinting is a fast and versatile method for transferring the anti-reflective properties of subwavelength nanostructures onto the surface of highly reflective substrates, such as chalcogenide glass optical fiber end faces. In this paper, the technique is explored experimentally on a range of different types of commercial and custom-drawn optical fibers to evaluate the influence of geometric design, core/cladding material, and thermo-mechanical properties. Up to32.4% increased transmission and 88.3% total transmission are demonstrated in the 2–4.3 μm band using a mid-infrared(IR) supercontinuum laser.

关键词： nanoimprint lithography anti-reflection hot imprint chalcogenide glass optical fiber mid-infrared supercontinuum