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Rainfall Sensitivity to microphysics and Planetary Boundary Layer Parameterizations in Convection-Permitting Simulations over Northwestern South America

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Journal of meteorological Research 2024年第4期38卷 805-825页

作者： K.Santiago HERNANDEZ Sebastian GOmEZ-RIOS Juan J.HENAO Vanessa ROBLEDO Alvaro RAmiREZ-CARDONA angela m.RENDON Geolimna Escuela AmbientalFacultad de IngenieriaUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellin 050010Colombia Grupo de Ingenieria y Gestion Ambiental(GIGA) Escuela AmbientalFacultad de IngenieriaUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellin 050010Colombia Division of Atmospheric Sciences Desert Research InstituteRenoNV 89512USA

Convection-permitting modeling allows us to understand mechanisms that influence rainfall in specific ***,microphysics parameterization(mP) and planetary boundary layer(PBL) schemes remain an important source of uncertainty,affecting rainfall intensity,occurrence,duration,and ***,we study the sensitivity of rainfall to three mP [Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) Single-moment 6-class(WSm6),Thompson,and morrison] and two PBL [the Yonsei University(YSU) and mellor–Yamada Nakanishi Niino(mYNN)] schemes with a convection-permitting resolution(4 km) over northwestern South America(NWSA).Simulations were performed by using the WRF model and the results were evaluated against soundings,rain gauges,and satellite data,considering the spatio-temporal variability of rainfall over diverse regions prone to deep convection in *** and PBL schemes largely influenced simulated rainfall,with better results for the less computationally expensive WSm6 mP and YSU PBL *** rain gauges and satellite estimates,simulations with morrison mP overestimated rainfall,especially westward of the Andes,whereas the mYNN PBL underestimated precipitation in the Amazon–Savannas *** found that the uncertainty in the rainfall representation is highly dependent on the region,with a higher influence of mP in the Colombian Pacific and PBL in the Amazon–Savannas *** analyzing rainfall-related processes,the selection of both mP and PBL parameterizations exerted a large influence on the simulated lower tropospheric moisture flux and moisture *** schemes significantly influenced the downward shortwave radiation,with mYNN simulating a greater amount of low clouds,which decreased the radiation ***,latent heat fluxes were greater for YSU,favoring moist convection and *** schemes had a marked impact on vertical ***,morrison mP showed stronger convection and higher precipitation rates,which is assoc

关键词： sensitivity microphysics planetary boundary layer(PBL) Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) processes

Exertional calf pain at kilometer five - Finding the cause

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Sports medicine and Health Science 2024年第1期6卷 89-93页

作者： Samuel A.Renier angela m.Voight Emilee J.Trost William O.Roberts St.John's Hospital Family medicine Residency Department of Family Medicine and Community HealthUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMNUSA Summit Orthopedics Woodbury Clinic2090 Woodwinds Dr.WoodburyMN55125USA minnesota Distance Elite 4007Forest RdMinneapolisMN55416USA Department of Family medicine and Community Health University of Minnesota Medical School516 Delaware St.SE6-240 Phillips-Wangensteen BuildingMinneapolisMN55455USA

A 23-year-old professional distance runner with several years of exertional calf pain was diagnosed with a unique mixed type III and functional popliteal artery entrapment syndrome(PAES).Surgical reduction of the obstructing tissue allowed her to return to professional *** case highlights the importance of including PAES in the differential for chronic intermittent lower extremity claudication and outlines the work-up required to diagnose this vascular obstruction in younger athletes.

关键词： Claudication Lower leg pain Vascular imaging PAES FPAES Popliteal entrapment

Recent advances and opportunities in mXene-based liquid crystals

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Infomat 2024年第3期6卷 1-21页

作者： Ken Aldren S.Usman Jizhen Zhang Kevinilo P.marquez mia angela N.Judicpa Peter A.Lynch Annabelle Bedford Babak Anasori Joselito m.Razal Institute for Frontier materials Deakin UniversityGeelongVictoriaAustralia manufacturing Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization(CSIRO)Waurn PondsVictoriaAustralia Institute of Chemistry University of the Philippines-Los BañosLagunaPhilippines School of materials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA Department of mechanical and Energy Engineering Indiana University-Purdue UniversityIndianapolisIndianaUSA

The recent progress on the liquid crystalline(LC)dispersion of two-dimensional(2D)transition metal carbides(mXenes)has propelled this unique nanomaterial into a realm of high-performance architectures,such as films and ***ally,compared to architectures made from typical non-LC dispersions,those derived from LC mXene possess tunable ion transport routes and enhanced conductivity and physical properties,demonstrating great potential for a wide range of applications,such as electronic displays,smart glasses,and thermal camouflage *** review provides an overview of the progress achieved in the production and processing of LC mXenes,including critical discussions on satisfying the required conditions for LC *** also highlights how acquiring LC mXenes has broadened the current solution-based manufacturing paradigm of mXene-based architectures,resulting in unprecedented performances in their conventional applications(e.g.,energy storage and strain sensing)and in their emerging uses(e.g.,tribology).Opportunities for innovation and foreseen challenges are also discussed,offering future research directions on how to further benefit from the exciting potential of LC mXenes with the aim of promoting their widespread use in designing and manufacturing advanced materials and applications.

关键词： liquid crystals multi-functional materials mXenes solution-based processing

Calcium-sensitive protein mLC1 as a possible modulator of the astrocyte functional state

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2008-2010页

作者： Elena Ambrosini angela Lanciotti maria Stefania Brignone Department of Neuroscience Istituto Superiore di SanitàRomeItaly

Astrocytes,the main population of glial cells in the central nervous system(CNS),exert essential tasks for the control of brain tissue homeostasis,supporting neuron and other glial cell activity from the developmental stage to adult *** maintain the optimal functionality of the brain,astroglial cells are particularly committed to reacting to every change in tissue homeostatic conditions,from mild modifications of the physiological environment,a process called astrocyte activation,to the more severe alterations occurring in pathological situations causing astrocyte reactivity or reactive astrogliosis(Escartin et al.,2021).During these reactive states,astrocytes mount an active,progressive response encompassing morphological,molecular,and interactional remodeling,leading to the acquisition of new functions and the loss of others,whose intensity,duration,and reversibility are dependent on the nature of the stimulus and regulated in a context-specific manner.

关键词： alterations modulator maintain

A Golden Touch in the Design of multifunctional Porphyrin metallacages:Host-Guest Chemistry for Drug-Target Interactions

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第7期6卷 1662-1671页

作者： Tamara Rodríguez-Prieto Darren Wragg Nicole Heiduk mihyun Park Nicole Strittmatter Roland A.Fischer angela Casini Guillermo moreno-Alcántar Chair of medicinal and Bioinorganic Chemistry Department of ChemistrySchool of Natural SciencesTechnical University of Munich85748 Garching b.München Professorship for Analytical Chemistry Department of ChemistrySchool of Natural SciencesTechnical University of Munich85748 Garching b.München Chair of Inorganic and metalOrganic Chemistry Department of ChemistrySchool of Natural SciencesTechnical University of Munich85748 Garching b.München munich Data Science Institute(mDSI) Technical University of Munich85748 Garching b.München

The use of three-dimensional self-assembled metallacages(mCgs)as multimodal drug platforms holds great ***,the synthesis of mCgs with increased complexity and functionality is a great challenge since understanding of the interaction of mCgs with biological targets is still *** this context,this work reports on the integration of a gold(III)porphyrin scaffold into a prismatic mCg structure and explores its application for multimodal therapy of cancer in vitro,namely enabling both photodynamic therapy and *** experimental approaches with a state-of-the-art metadynamics theoretical study,we discovered that the gold cage shows unprecedented host-guest interaction-driven selective stabilization of guanine-quadruplex(G4)structures-validated anticancer drug targets-disclosing a new mechanism to pursue in the design of supramolecular drugs.

关键词： gold metallacages porphyrins G4stabili-zation host-guestchemistry anticanceragents

Prehospital transdermal glyceryl trinitrate for ultra- acute ischaemic stroke: data from the RIGHT- 2 randomised sham- controlled ambulance trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 38-49,I0035-I0046页

作者： Jason Philip Appleton Lisa J Woodhouse Craig S Anderson Sandeep Ankolekar Lesley Cala mark Dixon Timothy J England Kailash Krishnan Grant mair Keith W muir John Potter Christopher I Price marc Randall Thompson G Robinson Christine Roffe Else C Sandset Jeffrey L Saver angela Shone Aloysius Niroshan Siriwardena Joanna m Wardlaw Nikola Sprigg Philip m Bath Stroke University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK Institute of Applied HealthResearch University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental SciencesBirminghamUK Stroke Trials Unit Mental Health and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Faculty of medicine The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia The George Institute China at Peking University Health Science Center BeijingChina Neurology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney Health PartnersSydneyNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology King's College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Faculty of Health and medical Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia East midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust NottinghamUK Stroke Queen's Medical CentreNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences Dementia Research InstituteUniveristy of EdinburghEdinburghUK Institute of Neurology and Psychology University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Bob Champion Research and Education Building University of East AngliaNorwichUK Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Department of Neurology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre University of LeicesterLeicesterUK Stroke Research in Stoke Institute for Science and Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityStoke-on TrentUK Department of Neurology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Research and Development Norwegian Air Ambulance FoundationOsloNorway Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center David Geffen School of MedicineUCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Research and Graduate Services University of NottinghamNottinghamUK Community and Health Research Unit University of LincolnLincolnUK

Background The effect of transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN,a nitrovasodilator)on clinical outcome when administered before hospital admission in suspected stroke patients is ***,we assess the safety and efficacy of GTN in the prespecified subgroup of patients who had an ischaemic stroke within the Rapid Intervention with Glyceryl trinitrate in Hypertensive stroke Trial-2(RIGHT-2).methods RIGHT-2 was an ambulance-based multicentre sham-controlled blinded-endpoint study with patients randomised within 4hours of *** primary outcome was a shift in scores on the modified Rankin scale(mRS)at day *** outcomes included death;a global analysis(Wei-Lachin test)containing Barthel Index,EuroQol-5D,mRS,telephone interview for cognitive status-modified and Zung depression scale;and neuroimaging-determined‘brain frailty’*** were reported as n(%),mean(SD),median[IQR],adjusted common OR(acOR),mean difference or mann-Whitney difference(mWD)with 95%*** 597 of 1149(52%)patients had a final diagnosis of ischaemic stroke;age 75(12)years,premorbid mRS>2107(18%),Glasgow Coma Scale 14(2)and time from onset to randomisation 67[45,108]***‘brain frailty’was common:median score 2[2,3](range 0–3).At day 90,GTN did not influence the primary outcome(acOR for increased disability 1.15,95%CI 0.85 to 1.54),death or global analysis(mWD 0.00,95%CI-0.10 to 0.09).In subgroup analyses,there were non-significant interactions suggesting GTN may be associated with more death and dependency in participants randomised within 1hour of symptom onset and in those with more severe *** In patients who had an ischaemic stroke,ultra-acute administration of transdermal GTN in the ambulance did not improve clinical outcomes in a population with more clinical and radiological frailty than seen in previous in-hospital *** IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC⇒Transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN)was associat-ed with less death and dependency in those w

关键词： Glasgow nitrate random

Small is beautiful–a glycolytic metabolite signals mTORC1 activation in cancer cell metabolism

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2020年第1期5卷 299-300页

作者： angela m.Otto munich Institute of BioEngineering Technical University of Munich85748 GarchingGermany

Even though the mTOR complex has been known for decades as a nutrient sensor,being thus in focus for drug targeting in metabolic disease and cancer metabolism,it has remained puzzling how it is able to get a sense of glucose availability in ***,a small metabolite of the glycolytic pathway,dihydroxyacetone phosphate,has been identified by Sabatini and his coworkers,who show how mTORC1-activity is regulated in glucose-starved and replenished cancer cells.

关键词： metabolism cancer mTORC1

Dysfunction of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor latrophilin 1(ADGRL1/LPHN1)increases the risk of obesity

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 2298-2311页

作者： Heba ZabriTorsten Schöneberg AndréNguyen Dietzsch Hadi Al-Hasani Joachim Altschmied Katharina Bottermann Jana Brendler Judith Haendeler Susanne Horn Isabell Kaczmarek Antje Körner Kerstin Krause Kathrin Landgraf Diana Le Duc Laura Lehmann Stefan Lehr Stephanie Pick Albert Ricken Rene Schnorr angela Schulz martina Strnadová Akhil Velluva Heba Zabri Torsten Schöneberg Doreen Thor Simone Prömel Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry Medical FacultyGerman Diabetes CenterLeibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany German Center for Diabetes Research(DZD e.V.) Munich-NeuherbergGermany Cardiovascular Degeneration Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Cardiovascular Research Institute(CARID) Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Pharmacology Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Anatomy Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Center for Pediatric Research Hospital for Children and AdolescentsMedical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Helmholtz Institute for metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research(HI-MAG)of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany Department of Endocrinology NephrologyRheumatologyLeipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Human Genetics Leipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Cell Biology Department of BiologyHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany School of medicine University of Global Health EquityKigaliRwanda

Obesity is one of the diseases with severe health consequences and rapidly increasing worldwide *** the complex network of food intake and energy balance regulation is an essential prerequisite for pharmacological intervention with obesity.G protein-coupled receptors(GPCRs)are among the main modulators of metabolism and energy ***,for instance,regulate appetite and satiety in certain hypothalamic neurons,as well as glucose and lipid metabolism and hormone secretion from *** in some GPCRs,such as the melanocortin receptor type 4(mC4R),have been associated with early-onset ***,we identified the adhesion GPCR latrophilin 1(ADGRL1/LPHN1)as a member of the regulating network governing food intake and the maintenance of energy *** of the highly conserved receptor in mice results in increased food consumption and severe obesity,accompanied by dysregulation of glucose ***,we identified a partially inactivating mutation in human ADGRL1/LPHN1 in a patient suffering from ***,we propose that LPHN1 dysfunction is a risk factor for obesity development.

关键词： obesity metabolism intake

Novel Fast Operating moving Coil Actuator with Compensation Coil for HVDC Circuit Breakers

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2021年第5期7卷 1041-1050页

作者： Boyuan Yin Xianwu Zeng John F.eastham Damian Vilchis-Rodriguez Xiaoze Pei Department of Electronic&Electrical Engineering.University of Bath.Bath.United Kingdom Department of mechanical Engineering University of Bath.Bath.United Kingdom. Power and Energy Division School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom.

DC circuit breakers are major enabling components for multi-terminal HVDC *** key design targets are operating speed and *** paper proposes a novel moving coil actuator using a compensation coil topology to operate mechanical circuit *** topology aims to significantly improve the magnetic field saturation and reduce the system inductance,so that the operating speed is *** possible connection methods for the compensation coils are proposed and analyzed using finite element modeling,ensuing simulation results are compared and *** operating speed of the moving coil actuator with compensation coils is significantly improved compared with the original moving coil *** moving coil actuator with compensation coils can open a distance of 5 mm within 2.8 ms and the peak efficiency is 47%.

关键词： Compensation coil DC circuit breaker HVDC mechanical circuit breaker moving coil actuator