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The treatment of streptococcal tonsillitis/ pharyngitis in young children

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2021年第3期7卷 161-165页

作者： Laura Norton angela Myers University of Minnesota Medical School USA Pediatrics Children’s Mercy Hospital USA

Pharyngitis is common in children,accounting for nearly 12 million visits annually in the United *** pyogenes or group A streptococcus(GAS)is the most common bacterial cause of pharyngitis for which antibiotics are *** treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis virtually eliminates the presence of bacteria from the pharynx and thus removes the risk of subsequent rheumatic *** is spread from person to person via respiratory droplets with a short incubation period of 2~5 *** pharyngitis peaks in the late winter and early spring months when children are predominately indoors for school and *** is also higher in winter months,and while up to 20%of school age children are colonized with GAS in their throat during this time,colonization has not been shown to contribute to the spread of *** low-and middle-income countries and other situations in which crowding is common(e.g.,schools),outbreaks of pharyngitis are *** pharyngitis can occur at all ages and it is most common in school-aged children with a peak at 7~8 years of *** caused by GAS is rare in childrenears of age and becomes much less common in late adolescence through adulthood.

关键词： Tonsillitis Streptococcal tonsillitis Pharyngitis

SOX13 gene downregulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with Klinefelter syndrome

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2021年第2期23卷 157-162页

作者： Rossella Cannarella Michele Salemi Rosita A Condorelli Laura Cimino Giorgio Giurato Giovanna Marchese angela Cordella Corrado Romano Sandro La Vignera Aldo e Calogero Department of Clinical and experimental Medicine University of CataniaCatania 95123Italy Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS Troina(EN)94018Italy Genomix4Life Srl Department of MedicineSurgery and Dentistry“Schola Medica Salernitana”University of SalernoBaronissi(SA)84081Italy

Klinefelter syndrome(KS)is the most common sex chromosome disorder in *** is characterized by germ cell loss and other variable clinical features,including *** sex-determining region of Y(SRY)-box 13(Sox13)gene is expressed in mouse *** addition,it has been identified as islet cell autoantigen 12(ICA12),which is involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases,including type 1 diabetes mellitus(DM)and primary biliary ***13 expression has never been investigated in patients with *** this age-matched,case-control study performed on ten patients with KS and ten controls,we found that SOX13 is significantly downregulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with KS compared to *** finding might be consistent with the germ cell loss typical of patients with ***,the role of SOX13 in the pathogenesis of germ cell loss and humoral autoimmunity in patients with KS deserves to be further explored.

关键词： germ cells intellectual disability Klinefelter syndrome rare disease sex-determining region of Y-box 13(SOX13)

Mitochondrial transcription factor A （TFAM）： one actor for different roles

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Frontiers in Biology 2012年第1期7卷 30-39页

作者： angela M. S. LeZZA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ＇e. Quagliariello University of Bari Aldo Moro Bari Italy

Mitochondrial Transcription Factor A （TFAM） is a nuclear-encoded factor present in mitochondria from allkinds of animals, even with a homologous form in yeast, which has strongly and progressively gained an eminent relevance in the regulation of mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） functions. This is due to the various functions performed by the protein, which cover a very wide scenario including： replication, transcription, maintenance and eventually repair of mtDNA molecules. In consideration of so many different roles it plays, it can be understood there is a deep interest in its regulation of expression and activity as well as its eventual involvement in pathologies related to a decreased functionality/presence of the mitochondrial genome and the consequences of TFAM induced overexpression.

关键词： TFAM mtDNA transcription replication and maintenance

Stromal inflammation,fibrosis and cancer:An old intuition with promising potential

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2023年第7期14卷 230-246页

作者： Oliver Oey angela Felicia Sunjaya Yasir Khan Andrew Redfern University of Western Australia Perth 6009Crawley NAAustralia Department of Medical Oncology Sir Charles Gardner HospitalNedlands 6009Australia Institute of Cardiovascular Science University College LondonLondon WC1E 6DDUnited Kingdom Department of Medical Oncology St John of God Midland Public and Private HospitalMidland 6056WAAustralia Department of Medical Oncology Fiona Stanley HospitalMurdoch 6150WAAustralia

It is now well established that the biology of cancer is influenced by not only malignant cells but also other components of the tumour *** inflammation and fibrosis have long been postulated to be involved in *** inflammation can promote tumorigenesis via growth factor/cytokine-mediated cellular proliferation,apoptotic resistance,immunosuppression;and free-radical-induced oxidative deoxyribonucleic acid *** could cause a perturbation in the dynamics of the tumour microenvironment,potentially damaging the genome surveillance machinery of normal epithelial *** this review,we will provide an in-depth discussion of various diseases characterised by inflammation and fibrosis that have been associated with an increased risk of *** particular,we will present a comprehensive overview of the impact of alterations in stromal composition on tumorigenesis,induced as a consequence of inflammation and/or *** including the application of various therapeutic agents with stromal manipulation potential and targeted cancer screening for certain inflammatory diseases which can reduce the risk of cancer will also be discussed.

关键词： Inflammation Fibrosis Tumour microenvironment Stroma Cancer

Graphene-Oxide Mediated Chemodivergent Ring-Opening of Cyclobutanols

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2023年第11期41卷 1333-1340页

作者： Andrea Brunetti angela Pintus Lorenzo Lombardi Alessandro Kovtun Federico Mascietti Francesco Bruno enrico Ravera Manuela Melucci Giulio Bertuzzi Marco Bandini Dipartimento di Chimica“Giacomo Ciamician” Alma Mater StudiorumUniversitàdi BolognaVia Selmi 240126BolognaItaly Istituto per la Sintesi e la Fotoreattività(ISOF)–CNR Via Gobetti10140129BolognaItaly Magnetic Resonance Center(CeRM) University of FlorenceVia L.Sacconi 650019 Sesto FiorentinoItaly Department of Chemistry“Ugo Schiff” University of FlorenceVia della Lastruccia 350019 Sesto FiorentinoItaly Center for Chemical Catalysis–C3 Alma Mater StudiorumUniversitàdi Bolognavia Selmi 240126BolognaItaly

The chemodivergent ring-opening of cyclobutanols is described under the carbocatalytic assistance of graphene oxide(GO).The protocol enables the synthesis of diversely functionalized dienes or indenes(26 examples)based on the amount of GO ***(XPS and ssNMR)as well as experimental investigations revealed a direct involvement of theπ-domains of GO in tuning the stability of carbocationic intermediates during the reaction.

关键词： Carbocatalysis C-C activation Graphene Carbocations Methodology and reactions

Designing the new generation of intelligent biocompatible carriers for protein and peptide delivery

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2018年第2期8卷 147-164页

作者： angela M.Wagner Margaret P.Gran Nicholas A.Peppas McKetta Department of Chemical engineering The University of Texas at Austin Institute for Biomaterials Drug Delivery and Regenerative Medicine The University of Texas at Austin Department of Biomedical engineering The University of Texas at Austin Department of Pediatrics Dell Medical School The University of Texas at Austin Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care Dell Medical School The University of Texas at Austin Division of Pharmaceutics College of Pharmacy The University of Texas at Austin

Therapeutic proteins and peptides have revolutionized treatment for a number of diseases, and the expected increase in macromolecule-based therapies brings a new set of challenges for the pharmaceutics field. Due to their poor stability, large molecular weight, and poor transport properties,therapeutic proteins and peptides are predominantly limited to parenteral administration. The short serum half-lives typically require frequent injections to maintain an effective dose, and patient compliance is a growing issue as therapeutic protein treatments become more widely available. A number of studies have underscored the relationship of subcutaneous injections with patient non-adherence, estimating that over half of insulin-dependent adults intentionally skip injections. The development of oral formulations has the potential to address some issues associated with non-adherence including the interference with daily activities, embarrassment, and injection pain. Oral delivery can also help to eliminate the adverse effects and scar tissue buildup associated with repeated injections. However, there are several major challenges associated with oral delivery of proteins and peptides, such as the instability in the gastrointestinal(GI)tract, low permeability, and a narrow absorption window in the intestine. This review provides a detailed overview of the oral delivery route and associated challenges. Recent advances in formulation and drugdelivery technologies to enhance bioavailability are discussed, including the co-administration of compounds to alter conditions in the GI tract, the modification of the macromolecule physicochemical properties, and the use of improved targeted and controlled release carriers.

关键词： Oral delivery Hydrogels Protein delivery Peptide delivery Carbohydrates Mucoadhesion

Assessment of the SARS-CoV-2 basic reproduction number,R0,based on the early phase of COVID-19 outbreak in Italy

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Biosafety and Health 2020年第2期2卷 57-59页

作者： Marco D'Arienzo angela Coniglio eNeA National Institute of Ionizing Radiation MetrologyRome 000123Italy San Giovanni Calibita Hospital-Fatebenefratelli Rome 00186Italy

As of March 12th Italy has the largest number of SARS-CoV-2 cases in europe as well as outside *** infections,first limited in Northern Italy,have eventually spread to all other *** controlling an emerging outbreak of an infectious disease it is essential to know the key epidemiological parameters,such as the basic reproduction number R0,*** average number of secondary infections caused by one infected individual during his/her entire infectious period at the start of an *** work has been limited to the assessment of R0 analyzing data from the Wuhan region or China's *** the present study the R0 value for SARS-CoV-2 was assessed analyzing data derived from the early phase of the outbreak in *** particular,the spread of SARS-CoV-2 was analyzed in 9 cities(those with the largest number of infections)fitting the well-established SIR-model to available data in the interval between February 25–March 12,*** findings of this study suggest that R0 values associated with the Italian outbreak may range from 2.43 to 3.10,confirming previous evidence in the literature reporting similar R0 values for SARS-CoV-2.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 outbreak SIR model Basic reproduction number

Full Text ejournal Packages east and West:CJN and JSTOR

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现代图书情报技术 2002年第S1期 124-128页

作者： Anthony W.Ferguson angela Ko The University of Hong Kong Libraries Hong KongChinaThe University of Hong Kong LibrariesHong KongChina

In libraries,full text ejournal packages are among themost unique aspects of the digital *** challengemany of the basic concepts that librarians have held close totheir hearts:The journals themselves come in packages-thatis,unlike their print counter parts,they are bought as apackage and not one at a *** librarians who havelooked with pride at their journal collections because theywere selected one-by-one,on the basis of local needs,

关键词： Full Text ejournal Packages east and West CJN

Forage and breed effects on behavior and temperament of pregnant beef heifers

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第3期4卷 165-169页

作者： angela R Mays Michael L Looper Benjamin C Williamson Kenneth P Coffey Wayne K Coblentz Glen e Aiken Charles F Rosenkrans Jr Department of Animal Science University of ArkansasFayetteville AR 72701 USA Department of Agricultural Sciences Morehead StateUniversity327 Reed Hall Morehead KY 40351 USA USDA-ARS US Dairy Forage Research CenterMarshfield WI 54449 USA USDA-ARS Forage Animal Production Research UnitLexingtonKY 40546 USA

Background： Integration of behavioral observations with traditional selection schemes may lead to enhanced animal well-being and more profitable forage-based cattle production ***-influenced（BR;n = 64） and Gelbvieh × Angus（GA;n = 64） heifers consumed either toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue（e＋） or one of two nontoxic endophyte-infected tall fescue（NT） cultivars during two *** were weighed at midpoint and termination of *** behavior（grazing,resting in the shade,lying,or standing without grazing） was recorded（n = 13 visual observations per yr in June and July） for each *** yr 2,exit velocity（eV） and serum prolactin（PRL） were ***： Grazing behavior was influenced（P 0.05） by an interaction between fescue cultivar and breed *** × Angus heifers assigned to e＋ pastures had the lowest percentage of animals grazing and the largest percentage of animals resting in the ***-influenced heifers had faster eV（P 0.001） than GA heifers（0.52 vs.0.74 ± 0.04 s/m,respectively）.Body weight（BW） was affected（P 0.01） by an interaction of tall fescue cultivar and d,and an interaction of tall fescue cultivar and breed *** grazing NT pastures were heavier（P 0.01） than heifers grazing e＋ pastures at midpoint and *** × Angus heifers grazing NT pastures were heavier（P 0.01） than GA and BR heifers grazing e＋ and BR heifers grazing NT *** interaction of forage cultivar and breed type occurred on serum PRL（P 0.01）.Conclusion： Collectively fescue cultivar,eV,and concentrations of serum PRL were associated with grazing *** grazing NT pastures were observed to be grazing more than heifers assigned to e＋ pastures,regardless of breed type,which may have contributed to changes in BW and average daily gain（ADG） in *** of behavioral observations along with traditional selection schemes may lead to enhanced animal well-being and more profitable forage-based cattle prod

关键词： Cattle endophyte-infected tall fescue Grazing behavior Prolactin Temperament