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Potential role of metabolomics in diagnosis and surveillance of gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第36期20卷 12874-12882页

作者： angela W Chan Richdeep S Gill Daniel Schiller Michael b Sawyer Daniel Schiller Division of General Surgery University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2B7 Canada Division of Medical Oncology Cross Cancer Institute University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 1Z2 Canada

Gastric cancer is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide, and is especially prevalent in Asian countries. With such high morbidity and mortality, early diagnosis is essential to achieving curative intent treatment and long term survival. Metabolomics is a new field of study that analyzes metabolites from biofluids and tissue samples. While metabolomics is still in its infancy, there are numerous potential applications in oncology, specifically early diagnosis. Only a few studies in the literature have examined metabolomics’ role in gastric cancer. Various fatty acid, carbohydrate, nucleic acid, and amino acid metabolites have been identified that distinguish gastric cancer from normal tissue and benign gastric disease. However, findings from these few studies are at times conflicting. Most studies demonstrate some relationship of cancer cells to the Warburg Effect, in that glycolysis predominates with conversion of pyruvate to lactate. This is one of the most consistent findings across the literature. There is less consistency in metabolomic signature with respect to nucleic acids, lipids and amino acids. In spite of this, metabolomics holds some promise for cancer surveillance but further studies are necessary to achieve consistency and validation before it can be widely employed as a clinical tool.

关键词： Gastric cancer Metabolomics Screening biomarkers Surveillance

Application of 3A Zeolite Prepared from Venezuelan Kaolin for Removal of Pb (II) from Wastewater and Its Determination by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2013年第10期4卷 584-593页

作者： Wendy Rondón David Freire Zully de benzo angela b. sifontes Yorbin González Maribel Valero Joaquín L. brito Laboratorio de Espectroscopia Molecular Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Los Andes Mérida Venezuela Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica de Superficies Centro de Química Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas IVIC Caracas Venezuela Laboratorio de Química Analítica Centro de Química Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas IVIC Caracas Venezuela

This work consists in the use of a 3A zeolite (K-LTA) obtained by a process of exchange of sodium for potassium (4A zeolite), synthesized from Venezuelan kaolin for the removal of Pb (II) ions from aqueous solutions by batch process mode in order to consider its application in treating industrial wastewaters. The 3A zeolite was characterized for X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (SEM-EDX). The metal concentration in the equilibrium Ce (mg·L-1) after adsorption with 3A zeolite was analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The influences of the solution pH, contact time, metal initial concentration and adsorbent dosage have been studied. The retention of metal occurring at pH values around 6.5 and the adsorption equilibrium was obtained at 60 min. The equilibrium process was well described by Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm models. The Langmuir parameters qm (mg·g-1) and b (L·mg-1) (which are related to the sorption capacity and constant of sorption energy) obtained were 14.64 and 5.42 respectively. The Pb (II) experimental uptake was about 14.56 mg·g-1, a little smaller than the theoretical one given by Langmuir isotherm model. The regression parameters and correlation coefficients (R) indicate that the adsorption data for Pb (II) removal fit better the Langmuir isotherm model. Moreover, 0 1/n 1 (1/n is 0.13), indicating that adsorption of metal ions on the zeolite, is a favorable physical process. The application of removing of the metal lead from real samples was examined by industrial wastewater samples. For all samples, the percentage of recovery was found with accuracy of more than 98%. The present work suggests 3A zeolite used as a sorbent material with relatively low cost, obtained from Venezuelan raw material;it is a candidate for removal lead ion and probably other cationic heavy metal species

关键词： Adsorption Wastewater Lead (II) Ion Zeolite Langmuir Isotherm FAAS

Multiparametric ultrasound as a new concept of assessment of liver tissue damage

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第12期30卷 1663-1669页

作者： angela Peltec Ioan Sporea Department of Internal Medicine Discipline of GastroenterologyState University of Medicine and Pharmacy"Nicolae Testemitanu"Chishinev 2019Moldova Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology "Victor Babes"University of Medicine and PharmacyTimisoara 300736Romania

Liver disease accounts for approximately 2 million deaths per year *** chronic liver diseases(CLDs),whether of toxic,genetic,autoimmune,or infectious origin,undergo typical histological changes in the structure of the *** changes may include the accumulation of extracellular matrix material,fats,triglycerides,or tissue *** methods for diagnosing CLD,such as conventional b-mode ultrasound(US),play a significant role in *** US,when coupled with b-mode US,can be helpful in evaluating the hemodynamics of hepatic vessels and detecting US findings associated with hepatic *** elastography can assess liver stiffness,serving as a surrogate marker for liver *** is important to note that interpreting these values should not rely solely on a histological ***-enhanced US(CEUS)provides valuable information on tissue perfusion and enables excellent differentiation between benign and malignant focal liver *** evaluation,the etiology of liver disease,and the patient current comorbidities all influence the interpretation of liver stiffness *** measurements are most clinically relevant when interpreted as a probability of compensated advanced CLD.b-mode US offers a subjective estimation of fatty infiltration and has limited sensitivity for mild *** controlled attenuation parameter requires a dedicated device,and cutoff values are not clearly ***-titative US parameters for liver fat estimation include the attenuation coefficient,backscatter coefficient,and speed of *** parameters offer the advantage of providing fat quantification alongside b-mode evaluation and other US *** US(MPUS)of the liver introduces a new concept for complete noninvasive *** encourages examiners to utilize the latest features of an US machine,including conventional b-mode,liver stiffness evaluation,fat quantification,dispersion imaging,

关键词： Multiparametric ultrasound Ultrasound-based elastography Liver stiffness Noninvasive diagnostic test for chronic liver disease Liver steatosis assessment Portal hypertension evaluation

Development of a sample preparation approach to measure the size of nanoparticle aggregates by electron microscopy

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Particuology 2019年第4期17卷 49-57页

作者： Agnieszka Dudkiewicz angela Lehner Qasim Chaudhry Kristian Molhave Guenter Allmaier Karen Tiede Alistair b.A. boxall Peter Hofmann John Lewis The Food and Environment Research Agency Sand Hutton York Y041 1LZ UK Department of Environment The University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK National Centre for Food Manufacturing The University of Lincoln Holbeach PE12 7AG UK Research Group bio- and Polymer Analysis Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics TU Wien (Vienna University of Technology) Getreidemarkt 9 A-1060 Vienna Austria University of Chester Parkgate Road Chester CH1 4BJ UK Department of Micro and Nanotechnology Technical University of Denmark DTU Bldg 345b Lyngby 2800 Denmark Research Centre for Global Food Security and Ecosystems University of Hohenheim Wollgrasweg 43 70155 Stuttgart Germany Department of Geoinformatics - Z.GIS University of Salzburg Schillerstr. 30 A-5020 Salzburg Austria

Electron microscopy (EM) is widely used for nanoparticle (NP) sizing. Following an initial assessment of two sample preparation protocols described in the current literature as"unperturbed", we found that neither could accurately measure the size of NPs featuring a broad size distribution, e.g., aggregates. because many real-world NP samples consist of aggregates, this finding was of considerable concern. The data showed that the protocols introduced errors into the measurement by either inducing agglomeration artefacts or providing a skewed size distribution towards small particles (skewing artefact). The focus of this work was to develop and apply a mathematical refinement to correct the skewing artefact. This refinement provided a much improved agreement between EM and a reference methodology, when applied to the measurement of synthetic amorphous silica NPs. Further investigation, highlighted the influence of NP chemistry on the refinement. This study emphasised the urgent need for greater and more detailed consideration regarding the sample preparation of NP aggregates to routinely achieve accurate measurements by EM. This study also provided a novel refinement solution applicable to the size characterisation of silica and c让rate-coated gold NPs featuring broad size distributions. With further research, this approach could be extended to other NP types.

关键词： Nanoparticles Aggregates Measurement Electron microscopy Sample preparation Artefacts

Synergistic effects of interferon-alpha in combination with chemoradiation on human pancreatic adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第10期11卷 1521-1528页

作者： Jian-Hua Ma Emilia Patrut Jan Schmidt Hanns-Peter Knaebel Markus W. büchler angela M(a|¨)rten Department of Surgery

AIM: To determine whether IFN-α is the agent that turns a slightly effective treatment (radiochemotherapy) into a potent therapy, we tested IFN-α for its synergistic ***: Eight pancreatic carcinoma cell lines were treated with the single agents and combinations of *** role of IFN-α regarding a) direct inhibitory effects; b)radio and chemosensitizing effects; c) anti-angiogenic properties and d) enhancement of immunogenicity was ***: Our results show that IFN-α has direct inhibitory properties and some synergistic influence as determined by AnnexinV/PI stain and cell count. IFN-α is also able to prevent the increase in proliferation rate and VEGF secretion of CDDP resistant cells. Having taken the results from immunogenicity experiments together, we found cells that can be influenced by IFN-α but were less susceptible against T cells. Furthermore, high expression of MHC molecules, CD118, EGF-R and Fas was predictive for a good ***: In conclusion, IFN-α has direct cytotoxic effects, acts as a radiosensitizer and circumvents tumor cell-regrowth after CDDP treatment. These mechanisms may be responsible for the good clinical outcome of CapRI.

关键词： Interferon-alpha Pancreatic adenocarcinoma Synergistic effects Combination therapy

Helicobacter pylori:a foodborne pathogen?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第31期24卷 3472-3487页

作者： Nicoletta C Quaglia angela Dambrosio Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation Section of Veterinary Clinic and Animal ProductionUniversity of Bari "Aldo Moro"

Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is an organism that is widespread in the human population and is sometimes responsible for some of the most common chronic clinical disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract in humans, such as chronic-active gastritis, duodenal and gastric ulcer disease, low-grade b-cell mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the stomach, and gastric adenocarcinoma, which is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The routes of infection have not yet been firmly established, and different routes of transmission have been suggested, although the most commonly accepted hypothesis is that infection takes place through the faecal-oral route and that contaminated water and foods might play an important role in transmission of the microorganism to humans. Furthermore, several authors have considered H. pylori to be a foodborne pathogen because of some of its microbiological and epidemiological characteristics. H. pylori has been detected in drinking water, seawater, vegetables and foods of animal origin. H. pylori survives in complex foodstuffs such as milk, vegetables and ready-to-eat foods. This review article presents an overview of the present knowledge on the microbiological aspects in terms of phenotypic characteristics and growth requirements of H. pylori, focusing on the potential role that foodstuffs and water may play in the transmission of the pathogen to humans and the methods successfully used for the detection of this microorganism in foodstuffs and water.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Viable but nonculturable state Foodborne pathogen Food Water Animal reservoirs Culture methods Molecular methods

Clinical profile of diabetes at diagnosis among children and adolescents at an endocrine clinic in Ghana

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第9期8卷 429-435页

作者： Emmanuel Ameyaw Serwah b Asafo-Agyei Sumithira Thavapalan angela C Middlehurst Graham D Ogle Department of Child Health Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital International Diabetes Federation Life for a Child Program Diabetes NSW GlebeNSW 2037Australia

AIM To determine the clinical features of diabetes in children and adolescents in *** Retrospective review of clinical features of all children and adolescents with new-onset diabetes seen at the paediatric endocrinology clinic of Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi, from February 2012 to Auguest 2016. RESULTS One hundred and six subjects presented with diabetes. Ninety(84.9%) were diagnosed by clinical features and family history as type 1, and 16(15.1%) type 2. For type 1 subjects, age range at diagnosis was 0.9-19.9 year(y), peak age of onset 12-13 year, and 3.3% were bMI SD was -0.54, range -3.84 to 2.47. 60.0% presented in diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA). Nine had infections at onset(skin, abscess, leg ulcer). Mean± SD HbA 1c at diagnosis was 12.7% ± 1.9%(115±21 mmol/mol). Four have since died: Hypoglycaemia(2), recurrent DKA(1), osteosarcoma(1). Two other type 1 cases died of DKA at presentation in emergency before being seen by the paediatric endocrinologist. Crude mortality rate including these 2 cases was 32.2/1000 patient years. Type 2 cases were 81% female, age of onset 9-19 year. Mean bMI SD was 1.49, range -0.87 to 2.61. Forty-three point eight percent presented in DKA. All type 2 cases had acanthosis nigricans. Overall, 9.8% did not have home refrigeration, most using clay pot evaporative cooling for insulin storage. CONCLUSION Type 1 occurs with a female preponderance and high DKA rates. Type 2 also occurs. Typology based on clinical features is difficult. Community and professional awareness is warranted.

关键词： Children Diabetes Developing countries Ghana Mortality

Nest site tenacity and mate fidelity in the black-headed Gull(Chroicocephalus ridibundus)

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Avian Research 2021年第4期12卷 664-670页

作者： Simon Piro angela Schmitz Ornés Vogelwarte Zoological Institute and MuseumUniversity of GreifswaldSoldmannstr.23GreifswaldGermany

breeding philopatry is well known in the black-headed Gull(Chroicocephalus ridibundus).Using a capture-markrecapture method,we studied if black-headed Gulls show nest site tenacity and mate fidelity as well,and investigated if there are differences between a stable,and a newly established and fast-growing colony,as well as for differences between the center and edges of these colonies located in north-eastern *** found a high level of nest site tenacity in the center of the stable colony on b?hmke Island,and lower degrees of nest site tenacity at the edge of the same colony and in the newly established and fast-growing colony on Riether *** fidelity was very strong in all individuals which returned to their previous breeding place,regardless of the nest site location.

关键词： black-headed Gull Croicocephalus ridibundus Mate fidelity Nest site tenacity Philopatry

Economic optimization of resource-constrained project scheduling:a two-phase metaheuristic approach

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2010年第6期11卷 481-494页

作者： angela H.L.CHEN Chiuh-Cheng CHYU Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Yuan Ze University Department of Finance Nanya Institute of Technology

This paper deals with the problem of project scheduling subject to multiple execution modes with non-renewable resources, and a model that handles some of monetary issues in real world *** objective is to schedule the activities to maximize the expected net present value(NPV) of the project, taking into account the activity costs, the activity durations, and the cash flows generated by successfully completing an *** to the combinatorial nature of this problem, the current study develops a hybrid of branch-and-bound procedure and memetic algorithm to enhance both mode assignment and activity *** for the makespan minimization problem have been made through a set of benchmark problem *** performance is rated on the maximization of the project NPV and computational results show that the two-phase hybrid metaheuristic performs competitively for all instances of different problem sizes.

关键词： Memetic algorithm(MA) branch and bound(b&b) algorithm Net present value(NPV) Project scheduling problem