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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第1期42卷 125-132,I0011页

作者： Chang-Sheng Zuo Kang Wang Li-Zhen sun Ting-Ting sun Department of Physics Zhejiang University of Science and TechnologyHangzhou 310023China Department of Applied Physics Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China

The polymer translocation through a nanopore from a donor space(or named cis side) to a receiver space(trans side) in the chaperone-induced crowded environment has attracted increasing attention in recent years due to its significance in biological systems and technological applications. In this work, we mainly focus on the effects of chaperone concentration and chaperone-polymer interaction on the polymer translocation. By assuming the polymer translocation to be a quasi-equilibrium process, the free energy F of the polymer can be estimated by Rosenbluth-Rosenbluth method and then the translocation time τ can be calculated by Fokker-Plank equation based on the obtained free energy landscape. Our calculation results show that the translocation time can be controlled by independently tuning the chaperone concentration and chaperone-polymer interaction at the cis side or the trans side. There exists a critical chaperone-polymer attraction ε~*=-0.2 at which the volume exclusion and interaction effects of the chaperone can balance each other. Additionally, we also find that at large chaperone-polymer attraction, the translocation time is mainly governed by the diffusion coefficient of the polymer.

关键词： Polymer translocation Rosenbluth-Rosenbluth method Fokker-Plank equation Free energy landscapes

Catalyst design and structure control for photocatalytic refineries of cellulosic biomass to fuels and chemicals

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 102-127页

作者： Lulu sun Nengchao Luo State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean EnergyDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina

Lignocellulosic biomass is the largest renewable hydrocarbon resource on *** cellulose,one of the major components of lignocellulose,powered by solar energy is a promising way of providing lowcarbon-footprint energy chemicals such as H_(2),HCOOH,CO,and transportation ***-of-the-art biorefineries target the full use of biomass feedstocks as they have a maximum collection radius of 75-100 km,requesting efficient and selective photocatalysts that significantly influence the outcome of photocatalytic ***-performed photocatalysts can harvest a broad solar spectrum and are active in breaking the chemical bonds of cellulose,decreasing the capital investments of ***,photocatalysts should control the selectivity of cellulose conversion,originating target products to level down separation *** separation in photocatalysts and interfacial charge transfer between photocatalysts and cellulose affect the activity and selectivity of cellulose refineries to H2 and carbonaceous *** account for the challenges above,this review summarizes photocatalysts for the refineries of cellulose and downstream platform molecules based on the types of products,with the structure features of different types of photocatalysts discussed in relation to the targets of either improving the activity or product *** addition,this review also sheds light on the methods for designing and regulating photocatalyst structures to facilitate photocatalytic refineries of cellulose and platform molecules,meanwhile summarizing proposed future research challenges and opportunities for designing efficient photocatalysts.

关键词： Photocatalysts Biorefineries Cellulose Fuels Hydrogen

Blindness-free beam scanning antenna with array of array architecture: principle,design,and experiment

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 209-224页

作者： Jianxu sun Yujian CHENG School of Electronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China

This paper presents a 66–76-GHz sparsely-excited phased array antenna with the array of array(Ao A) architecture for eliminating the blindness and suppressing the grating lobe when scanning. For the array antennas printed on the thick dielectric layers with high relative permittivity, scanning blindness appears and seriously impacts the radiation performance. To address this issue, the Ao A topology is developed first. It finds that the scanning blindness appears due to the coupling of the radiating Floquet modes to the non-radiating surface wave(SW) modes. Therefore, the array is divided into two types of domino *** inner-phase distributions are introduced into the domino subarrays to break the one-to-one relationship between the Floquet mode and the SW mode. Then, the blindness inside ±60° scanning volume is eliminated by the aperiodic subarrays. Meanwhile, the aperiodic inner-phase distributions enhance the aperiodicity of the array and contribute to suppressing the grating lobe when scanning. Next, the meta-surface-based dipole with the shorted post is chosen as the unit cell for the proposed aperiodic array. Based on these methods,the array achieves the wide-scanning performance of ±60° in the E-plane and ±30° in the H-plane, without the blindness and the grating lobe. Finally, the 16×16 array is built and simulated with the dimension of32 mm × 32 mm. At the highest operating frequency, the simulated gains are 28.42, 25.17, and 24.01 d Bi when scanning to the broadside, 50° in the E-plane, and 30° in the H-plane, respectively. Compared to the ideal gain, it shows that the simulated radiation efficiency is about 84.13%, 62.08%, and 35.23% when scanning to the broadside, 50° in the E-plane, and 30° in the H-plane, respectively. The worst transmission coefficient, i.e., the worst isolation, is-11.97 d B between the central element and its two adjacent elements in the E-plane. The array prototypes are fabricated, and the experiments are carried out to ver

关键词： 6G communication systems phased array AoA aperiodic subarray wideband wide-scanning surface-wave scanning blindness grating lobe

Self-Aligning Multi-Modal Transformer for Oropharyngeal Swab Point Localization

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 1082-1091页

作者： Tianyu Liu Fuchun sun Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100083China

The oropharyngeal swabbing is a pre-diagnostic procedure used to test various respiratory diseases, including COVID and Influenza A (H1N1). To improve the testing efficiency of testing, a real-time, accurate, and robust sampling point localization algorithm is needed for robots. However, current solutions rely heavily on visual input, which is not reliable enough for large-scale deployment. The transformer has significantly improved the performance of image-related tasks and challenged the dominance of traditional convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in the image field. Inspired by its success, we propose a novel self-aligning multi-modal transformer (SAMMT) to dynamically attend to different parts of unaligned feature maps, preventing information loss caused by perspective disparity and simplifying overall implementation. Unlike preexisting multi-modal transformers, our attention mechanism works in image space instead of embedding space, rendering the need for the sensor registration process obsolete. To facilitate the multi-modal task, we collected and annotate an oropharynx localization/segmentation dataset by trained medical personnel. This dataset is open-sourced and can be used for future multi-modal research. Our experiments show that our model improves the performance of the localization task by 4.2% compared to the pure visual model, and reduces the pixel-wise error rate of the segmentation task by 16.7% compared to the CNN baseline.

关键词： segmentation localization transformer multi-modal perception robotic perception

ADC值与rADC值在不同病理类型子宫平滑肌瘤中的诊断价值

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中国医学计算机成像杂志 2021年第3期27卷 242-246页

作者：郑晓婷孙莉孙昂何光武南昌大学研究生院医学部上海市宝山区吴淞中心医院放射科上海200940

目的:探讨表观弥散系数(ADC)值及相对表观弥散系数(rADC)值在不同病理类型子宫平滑肌瘤鉴别中的诊断价值。方法:回顾分析2018年4月至2020年4月在上海市宝山区吴淞中心医院经手术病理证实的60例子宫平滑肌瘤,按不同病理类型分为普通组(37... 详细信息

目的:探讨表观弥散系数(ADC)值及相对表观弥散系数(rADC)值在不同病理类型子宫平滑肌瘤鉴别中的诊断价值。方法:回顾分析2018年4月至2020年4月在上海市宝山区吴淞中心医院经手术病理证实的60例子宫平滑肌瘤,按不同病理类型分为普通组(37例)、富细胞组(8例)、变性组(15例,包括间质水肿、囊变3例,玻璃样变3例,出血坏死9例)。分别对病灶及闭孔内肌进行ADC值测定(b=800 s/mm^(2)),并计算出相应rADC值。对不同病理类型子宫平滑肌瘤的ADC值、rADC值进行统计学分析,使用受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线评估两者的诊断效能。结果:富细胞组子宫平滑肌瘤的ADC值与rADC值均低于变性组子宫平滑肌瘤(P 0.05),而与普通组子宫平滑肌瘤的ADC值与rADC值差异无统计学意义(P 0.05)。普通组子宫平滑肌瘤的ADC值与rADC值均低于变性组子宫平滑肌瘤(P 0.05)。ADC值鉴别不同病理类型子宫平滑肌瘤的ROC曲线下面积(0.615、0.859、0.917)均较rADC值(0.527、0.785、0.838)高。结论:ADC值与rADC值能够为不同病理类型子宫平滑肌瘤的进一步鉴别提供参考依据,具有临床指导意义,但rADC值的诊断效能并未优于ADC值。

关键词：弥散加权成像表观弥散系数子宫平滑肌瘤

Effect of wire mesh casing treatment on axial compressor performance and stability

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第3期37卷 60-76页

作者： Ming ZHang Jiaming ZHang Jiahao HU Xu DONG Dakun sun Xiaofeng sun School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang Hangzhou 310023China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero-Engine Aero-Thermodynamics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

In this paper,a kind of Wire Mesh Casing Treatment(WMCT)is proposed to improve the stable operating range of the *** contrast to the traditional circumferential groove,as for WMCT,a layer of wire mesh is laid on the surface of the circumferential *** studies were conducted on the low-speed axial flow compressor,including the groove width,axial location,and mesh *** optimum axial location for WMCT is related to its groove width.A higher wire mesh count results in a smaller compressor stall margin *** simulations were carried out to study the effect of WMCT on the flow structure of the *** wire mesh in the WMCT has a certain flow resistance,which restricts the flow into and out of the *** to the WMCT,the flow parameter in the tip region of the rotor is less sensitive to changes in the operating conditions of the *** WMCT causes the rotor tip blade loading to shift backward,inhibiting the formation of spill forward of the leakage flow,and thus improving the stability of the *** flow resistance on the groove surface is a new degree-of-freedom for the casing treatment designer.

关键词： Axial compressor Wire mesh casing treatment Tip clearance flow Stall margin Blade loading

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基于句法分析和答案分类的中文问答系统

电子学报 2008年第5期36卷 833-839页

作者：孙昂江铭虎贺一帆陈林袁保宗清华大学人文学院计算语言学实验室北京100084 北京交通大学信息科学研究所北京100044

本文根据疑问词和谓语的距离信息对问句进行细致的句型分析,然后对答句进行浅层句法分析,在此基础上,抽取出问题特征集、答句特征集和组合特征集作为分类特征,引入最大熵模型和支持向量机训练答案抽取分类器.基于不同特征组合训练得到... 详细信息

本文根据疑问词和谓语的距离信息对问句进行细致的句型分析,然后对答句进行浅层句法分析,在此基础上,抽取出问题特征集、答句特征集和组合特征集作为分类特征,引入最大熵模型和支持向量机训练答案抽取分类器.基于不同特征组合训练得到的分类器在五类事实性问题上进行了测试,其F值分别达到70.87%和85.75%.

关键词：中文问答系统句法分析答案抽取最大熵模型支持向量机

AI for Supporting the Freedom of Drawing

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第1期21卷 63-88页

作者： Xiaohua sun Juexiao Qin College of Design and Innovation Tongji UniversityShanghai 200082China

Artificial intelligence(AI)has recently been developing rapidly in image processing and *** is not only starting to take over repetitive and tedious tasks but is also involved in creative *** is one of the areas with the greatest potential for collaboration between humans and *** is an important approach to express various information,but due to the lack of appropriate knowledge and skills,ordinary people without long-time training are unable to draw *** there have been various attempts at human-AI collaboration in drawing,it is difficult for researchers to consider the wide variety of specific problems and develop univer-sal methods due to the openness,improvisation,and individuality of *** this paper,we first analysed the contents of drawing and the general creation process in ***,we have described a mechanism for using AI to enable people to regain the freedom of drawing ***,we have developed a framework that describes methods for analysing specific problems and quickly finding solutions by building connections between the influencing factors in drawing,the demands of humans,and possible implementa-tion *** framework also reveals a broad scope of possibilities for applying AI to support people in drawing.

关键词： Intention understanding drawing support drawing art human-artificial intelligence(AI)collaboration

Catalysis by subsurface metal atoms in Al(001) through electron transfer

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 12-13页

作者： Bo sun Ding Ma Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science New Cornerstone Science Laboratory College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University

Heterogeneous catalysis plays a crucial role in the chemical industry, which has evolved from the investigation of chemisorption to an electronic structure[1]. Diverse strategies, such as alloying,doping, and confining, have been applied to enhance the catalytic properties of active sites through electronic modulation. The electron transfer between active sites and substrates profoundly influences catalytic activity [2].

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Persistent Variations in the East Asian Trough from March to April and the Possible Mechanism

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第4期41卷 737-753,I0002-I0004页

作者： Shui YU Jianqi sun Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The East Asian trough(EAT)profoundly influences the East Asian spring *** this study,the relationship of the EATs among the three spring months is *** analysis shows that the variation in March EAT is closely related to that of April *** empirical orthogonal function(EEOF)analysis also confirms the co-variation of the March and April *** positive/negative EEOF1 features the persistent strengthened/weakened EAT from March to *** investigation indicates that the variations in EEOF1 are related to a dipole sea surface temperature(SST)pattern over the North Atlantic and the SST anomaly over the tropical Indian *** dipole SST pattern over the North Atlantic,with one center east of Newfoundland Island and another east of Bermuda,could trigger a Rossby wave train to influence the EAT in March−*** SST anomaly over the tropical Indian Ocean can change the Walker circulation and influence the atmospheric circulation over the tropical western Pacific,subsequently impacting the southern part of the EAT in March−*** the SST factors,the Northeast Asian snow cover could change the regional thermal conditions and lead to persistent EAT anomalies from March to *** three impact factors are generally independent of each other,jointly explaining large variations in the EAT ***,the signals of the three factors could be traced back to February,consequently providing a potential prediction source for the EAT variation in March and April.

关键词： spring East Asian trough sea surface temperature snow cover