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Water–solid contact electrification and catalysis adjusted by surface functional groups

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3344-3351页

作者： Yusen Su andy Berbille Zhong Lin Wang Wei Tang CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100083China School of Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA 30332-0245USA

Chemical functional groups on solid surfaces greatly influence contact electrification(CE)at water–solid interfaces.Previous studies of their effects mainly swapped materials or bonded related molecules to a substrate,introducing other factors of influence.This work aims at unambiguously demonstrating the role of functional groups in water-polymer CE.We study the contribution of functional groups,by using ion coupled plasma etching to modify a high-density polyethylene(HDPE)film,a polymer with a naturally quasi-null charge transfer ability.Fluoride(HDPE–F)and hydroxyl(HDPE–OH)functional groups are generated and endowed HDPE with charge withdrawing ability.HDPE–F withdraws 2.5–2.7 times more charges than HDPE–OH.Concurrently,the surface charges accumulated generate electrostatic forces,altering the droplets motion.This phenomenon provides another approach to study CE,helping to evaluate the contribution of electrons to solid–liquid CE.Finally,employing HDPE–F to perform contact-electro-catalysis shows its activity is 2.4 times higher than that of commercial fluorinated films.

关键词： contact-electro-catalysis charge transfer solid–liquid interfaces contact electrification

携带横向轨道角动量的时空局域波包的传输特性(特邀)

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光学学报 2024年第10期44卷 294-300页

作者：张年佳曹前 Chong andy 詹其文上海理工大学光电信息与计算机工程学院上海200093 釜山国立大学物理系韩国釜山46241

光学轨道角动量(OAM)可以纵向OAM的形式存在于空间涡旋光束中,或以横向OAM的形式存在于时空光涡旋波包中。与涡旋光束不同,时空光涡旋波包在传播过程中同时受到衍射和色散效应的影响,造成波包在时空域内的展宽,并且时空光涡旋波包携带... 详细信息

光学轨道角动量(OAM)可以纵向OAM的形式存在于空间涡旋光束中,或以横向OAM的形式存在于时空光涡旋波包中。与涡旋光束不同,时空光涡旋波包在传播过程中同时受到衍射和色散效应的影响,造成波包在时空域内的展宽,并且时空光涡旋波包携带的横向OAM也会在传播过程中分裂。这两点限制了横向OAM在其他研究领域的应用。本文引入并研究了携带横向OAM的三维时空局域波包,此波包可以同时克服衍射与色散效应造成的时空域三维变化。在传播过程中,该时空局域波包的时空域分布不变,且在遇到障碍物后也能快速重新恢复到原有的状态,具有传播不变以及自恢复的特性。本文对时空局域波包的传播过程以及经过障碍物后的恢复过程进行了数值模拟仿真,证实了其传播不变特性和自恢复特性。这种携带横向OAM的三维时空局域波包为横向OAM未来的利用提供了新的机遇,有望应用于光通信、量子光学、光学成像等领域。

关键词：横向光学轨道角动量三维时空局域波包传播不变自恢复

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携带横向轨道角动量时空局域波包的传输特性研究

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光学学报 2024年

作者：张年佳曹前 andy CHONG 詹其文釜山国立大学物理系上海理工大学光电信息与计算机工程学院

光学轨道角动量(OAM)可以纵向OAM的形式存在于空间涡旋光束，或以横向OAM的形式是存在于时空光涡旋波包。与涡旋光束不同，时空光涡旋波包在传播过程中同时受到衍射和色散效应的影响，造成波包在时空域内的展宽，并且时空光涡旋波包携... 详细信息

光学轨道角动量(OAM)可以纵向OAM的形式存在于空间涡旋光束，或以横向OAM的形式是存在于时空光涡旋波包。与涡旋光束不同，时空光涡旋波包在传播过程中同时受到衍射和色散效应的影响，造成波包在时空域内的展宽，并且时空光涡旋波包携带的横向OAM也会在传播过程中分裂。这两点限制了横向OAM在其他研究领域的应用。本文引入并研究了携带横向OAM的三维时空局域波包，波包可以同时克服衍射与色散效应造成的时空域三维变化。在传播过程中，时空局域波包的时空域分布不变，且在遇到障碍物后也能快速重新恢复到原有的状态，具有传播不变以及自恢复的特性。本文对时空局域波包的传播过程以及经过障碍物后的恢复过程进行了数值模拟仿真，证实了其传播不变特性和自恢复特性。这种携带横向OAM的三维时空局域波包为横向OAM的未来利用提供的新的机遇，有望应用于在光学通信、量子光学、光学成像等领域。

关键词：横向光学轨道角动量三维时空局域波包传播不变自恢复

香港地区中学文凭考试英语口语实施网考的探索研究

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中国考试 2024年第2期 47-55页

作者： Cameron Smart Jennifer Shiu Matthew Drysdale andy Chan 吴泓霖(译) 香港考试及评核局中国香港999077 教育部教育考试院北京100084

香港地区中学文凭考试(Hong Kong Diploma of Secondary Education Examination,HKDSE)英语口语公开考试中的小组互动部分受疫情等多种因素的影响而无法正常开展,需要探索其他口试形式。本研究探讨使用基于网络的协作视频会议工具Zoom... 详细信息

香港地区中学文凭考试(Hong Kong Diploma of Secondary Education Examination,HKDSE)英语口语公开考试中的小组互动部分受疫情等多种因素的影响而无法正常开展,需要探索其他口试形式。本研究探讨使用基于网络的协作视频会议工具Zoom进行网考口试(Internet-delivered Speaking Test)的可能性方案。选取40名中学生进行网考口试的试测,由经验丰富的口试考官对考生表现进行评分,并使用基于学习者语料库的方法研究口试考生在话轮转换和语法准确性方面的表现。通过对考生话语的语言分析,以及从考生处和考官处分别收集的反馈结果,证实网考口试是可靠且可行的。

关键词：香港地区中学文凭考试口语测试网考口试面对面口试

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Molecular Characterization of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (Gist) and Contribution of Immunohistochemistry in Congolese from Kinshasa

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第4期14卷 109-116页

作者： Rive Lukuaku Jérémie Okumadi Fabrice Bokambandja andy Mbangama Vincent Mbatu Georges Mvumbi Jean-Louis Mumbere David Azako Serge Pezo Dieudonné Mvumbi Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa DR Congo Department of Anatomy and Pathological Cytology University Clinics of Kinshasa Kinshasa DR Congo Department of Gyneco-Obstetrics University Clinics of Kinshasa Kinshasa DR Congo Molecular Biology Department Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa DR Congo Institute of Medical Immunology Free University of Brussels Ixelles Belgium

Introduction: The differentiation of digestive tumors very often requires the use of techniques currently not widely in use in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), such as immunohistochemistry. This is perfectly verified for GISTs whose precise, or at least highly certain, diagnosis can only be made using immunohistochemical markers. This underuse of these techniques due to lack of equipment and human skills explains the limited epidemiological data available to date, thus leading to untargeted and too often late treatment of patients. Research question: What contribution can immunohistochemical markers make to the diagnosis of digestive tract tumours? Objective: Discuss the contribution of immunohistochemical markers in the diagnosis of GIST and provide basic data on the epidemiology of these nosological entities in Kinshasa. Methodology: This was a retrospective study carried out at the LEBOMA private anatomy and pathological cytology centre. The main inclusion criterion was any digestive tract block or slide whose diagnosis of GIST had been requalified after review by at least 2 pathologists. An immuhistochemical study was performed using an automated technique (with a Ventana XT machine) using a panel of antibodies: CD-117 and DOG-1 which are listed in the literature as strongly correlated with the occurrence of GIST, all slides were made at Hj Hospital using an OLYMPUS BX41 co-observation microscope. Results: Of 601 cases of digestive tumors recorded during the concerned period, 32 (5.32%) concerned GIST. This prevalence was confirmed by our immunohistochemical results where the expression of CD117 and that of DOG-1 were positive in 90.6% and 100% of cases which prevalence is high compared with the worldwide prevalence according to the literature, respectively. The distribution of the patients concerned was made with a sex ratio of 1.6 women/men with a median age of 53 years. Most cases (81%) had a gastric location and were fusiform GISTs. Conclusion: Gastrointestinal stromal tumours, although rare and un

关键词： Digestive Tumors GIST Immunohistochemistry CD117 DOG-1

Rationale of a Cross Sectional Analytic Study on Determinants of Recurrent Preeclampsia at University Clinics of Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of Congo) and at Victor Dupouy Hospital Center (France)

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第5期14卷 824-831页

作者： Mushengezi Amani Dieudonné Sengeyi Muela andy Mbangama Mokambanda Cynthia Awena Goy Sambwa Christian Kelele Nkongolo Freddy Muamba Banza Jésual Lotoy Otem Christian Ndesanzim Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University Clinics of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Research Background: Pre-eclampsia is one of main causes of materno-foetal mortality and morbidity worldwide, with a prevalence of 3% - 7%. Although considered a primiparous condition, it can nevertheless recur. Several factors appear to be associated with risk of recurrence of pre-eclampsia, such as the term of delivery of previous pregnancy, severity of disease, the existence of co-morbidities and the inter-genital space. Purpose: The aim of our study will be to analyse and identify in a population of pregnant women with a history of preeclampsia risk factors associated with occurrence of recurrent preeclampsia at University clinics of Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of Congo) and at Victor Dupouy Hospital Center (France). Methods: In this study, pregnant women with an history of preeclampsia who will give birth between November 2018 and October 2024 at University Clinics of Kinshasa (UCK) and Victor Dupouy Hospital Center (VDHC) will be included. This will be a cross-sectional analytical study, data from previous and subsequent pregnancies will be studied. Expected Result: The prevalence of recurrent preeclampsia in the study population will be determined. And we will highlight the factors that will determine the recurrence of preeclampsia by analysing the risk factors. Conclusion: Knowledge of the factors associated with recurrent preeclampsia could be an excellent tool for predicting and preventing the disease.

关键词： Recurrent Pre-Eclampsia Risk Factor Determinants

Epidemiological and Histopathological Profile of Prostate Cancer: A Retrospective Study in the Pathology Department of the University Clinics of Kinshasa

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2024年第6期15卷 239-249页

作者： Rive Lukuaku Buanza Jérémie Okumadi Lukuke Fabrice Bokambandja Lolangwa andy Mbangama Muela Matthieu Loposo Nkumu François Beya Kabongo Renault Kambere Sitamuina Jean-Marie Mpolesha Kabongo Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa DRC Department of Pathological Anatomy University Clinics of Kinshasa Kinshasa DRC Gyneco-Obstetrics Department University Clinics of Kinshasa Kinshasa DRC Department of Surgery Urology University Clinics of Kinshasa Kinshasa DRC

Background: Prostate cancer, the most common male cancer, represents a real public health problem in terms of its frequency and severity in different countries around the world. It disproportionately affects people of African descent wherever they live in the world [1]. To the best of our knowledge, its extent and particularities in the African environment are not well known. Objective: To determine the epidemiological and histopathological profile of prostate cancer in the CUK anatomopathology department. Methodology: This is a retrospective study conducted at the University Clinics of Kinshasa Anapathology Department from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2022, a period of 8 years. Word processing and tables were entered using the Hp brand computer, with Microsoft Office WORD 2016 software. Data analysis was performed with SPSS version 22.0 software. Results were presented in tables and figures. Results: Prostate was diagnosed in 132 cases, i.e. 1.58% of all CUK laboratory analyses and 8% of cancers diagnosed. The age group most affected was 66-75 years, i.e. 59% of all subjects. Adenocarcinoma was the most frequent histological type, and biopsy dominated in 111 cases (84.1%). Conclusion: Prostate cancer is a real public health problem. Worldwide, and in the Democratic Republic of Congo, it is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men, and the leading cause of cancer-related death in men. In the DRC, because of the delay in consulting our patients and the weakness of systematic screening, patients are seen at an advanced stage of the disease. Treatment is multidisciplinary, involving surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy (including targeted therapies). Patient awareness and screening campaigns will help to considerably reduce the delay in diagnosis and the morbidity and mortality associated with prostate cancer.

关键词： Prostate Gleason Score Democratic Republic of Congo

Photonic orbital angular momentum with controllable orientation

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National Science Review 2022年第7期9卷 56-62页

作者： Chenhao Wan Jian Chen andy Chong Qiwen Zhan School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Department of Physics University of Dayton School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and Technology Department of Electro-Optics and Photonics University of Dayton

Vortices are whirling disturbances,commonly found in nature,ranging from tremendously small scales in Bose-Einstein condensations to cosmologically colossal scales in spiral galaxies.An optical vortex,generally associated with a spiral phase,can carry orbital angular momentum(OAM).The optical OAM can either be in the longitudinal direction if the spiral phase twists in the spatial domain or in the transverse direction if the phase rotates in the spatiotemporal domain.In this article,we demonstrate the intersection of spatiotemporal vortices and spatial vortices in a wave packet.As a result of this intersection,the wave packet hosts a tilted OAM that provides an additional degree of freedom to the applications that harness the OAM of photons.

关键词： orbital angular momentum spatiotemporal vortex spatial vortex spiral phase

Pediatric genitourinary tumors:Distribution,demographics,and outcomes

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Pediatric Investigation 2022年第2期6卷 85-92页

作者： Azadeh Nazemi Siamak Daneshmand andy Chang Department of Urology NYU Langone Medical CenterNew YorkUSA Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center Institute of Urology Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Division of Urology Children’s Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA

Importance:The diversity of pediatric genitourinary malignancies requires a timely resource detailing tumor characteristics and survival.Objective:To determine the incidence,demographics,and outcomes of all pediatric genitourinary tumors within the United States.Methods:A population-based search for patients diagnosed with genitourinary cancers under age 15 was performed using the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results 18 registry.Information on primary tumor location,histologic type,patient age,sex,year of diagnosis,race,treatment,cause of death,and survival months was extracted.Descriptive epidemiological and survival statistics were calculated for all variables.Results:A total of 4576 cases from 1973 through 2015 were identified.The most common primary tumor sites were the kidney(80.3%),testis(12.3%),bladder(2.8%),and vagina(1.5%).Nephroblastoma(87.9%)and sarcoma(3.4%)were the most common renal malignancies.Rhabdomyosarcoma was common in the vagina,bladder,and testis at rates of 66.2%,61.2%,and 24.6%,respectively.Germ cell tumors(71.0%)were the most common primary tumor of the testis.Ten-year overall survival(OS)for renal nephroblastoma and sarcoma was 88%and 82%,respectively.Ten-year OS for RMS of the testis was 91%,the bladder was 79%,the vagina was 79%,and the prostate was 56%.Germ cell tumor 10-year OS were 96%in the testis and 100%in the vagina.Interpretation:A better understanding of the overall distribution and outcomes associated with pediatric genitourinary cancers allows physicians to best understand the patient’s disease in the context of current frequency in a genitourinary setting and reported outcomes.

关键词： Bladder cancer Epidemiology Genitourinary cancers Kidney cancer Pediatrics Prostate cancer Testis cancer Vaginal cancer

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