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Efficient passiv.tion of DY center in CH_(3)NH_(3)PbBr_(3) by chlorine:Quantum molecular dynamics

Nano Research 2022年第3期15卷 2112-2122页

作者： Ran Shi Wei-Hai Fang andrey S.v.senko Run Long Oleg v.Prezhdo College of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Theoretical&Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of EducationBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China National Research Univ.rsity Higher School of Economics(HSE)Univ.rsity 101000 MoscowRussia Donostia International Physics Center(DIPC) Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4San Sebastián/Donostia20018 Basque CountrySpain Department of Chemistry University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA

MAPbBr_(3)(MA=CH_(3)NH_(3)^(+))doping with bismuth increases electric conductiv.ty,charge carrier density and photostability,reduces toxicity,and expands light ***,Bi doping shortens excited-state lifetimes due to formation of DY−charge recombination *** nonadiabatic molecular dynamics and time-domain density functional theory,we demonstrate that the DY−center forms a deep,highly localized hole trap,which accelerates nonradiativ. relaxation ten-fold and is responsible for 90%of carrier *** trapping occurs by coupling between the v.lence band and the trap state,facilitated by the Br atoms surrounding the Bi *** of the DY−center with chlorines heals the local geometry distortion,eliminates the trap state,and makes the carrier lifetimes longer than ev.n in pristine MAPbBr_(3).The decreased charge recombination arises from reduced nonadiabatic coupling and shortened coherence time,due to diminished electron–hole ov.rlap around the passiv.ted *** study demonstrates accelerated nonradiativ. recombination in Bi-doped MAPbBr_(3),suggests a strategy for defect passiv.tion and reduction of nonradiativ. energy losses,and prov.des atomistic insights into unusual defect properties of metal halide perov.kites needed for rational design of high-performance perov.kite solar cells and optoelectronic dev.ces.

关键词： Hybrid organic-inorganic perov.kite DY−center and Cl passiv.tion charge trapping and recombination nonadiabatic molecular dynamics time-domain density functional theory.

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Climate change ev.dence in tree growth and stand productiv.ty at the upper treeline ecotone in the Polar Ural Mountains

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第1期7卷 76-91页

作者： Nadezhda M.Dev. v.adimir v.Kukarskih Аrina A.Galimov. v.leriy S.Mazepa andrey A.Grigoriev Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology Ural BranchRussian Academy of Sciences8 Marta202/3Ekaterinburg 620144Russia

Background:Recent warming is affecting species composition and species areal distribution of many ***,although most treeline studies hav. estimated the rates of forest expansion into tundra,still little is known about the long-term dynamic of stand productiv.ty at the forest-tundra ***,we make use of tree-ring data from 350 larch(Larix sibirica Ledeb.)and spruce(Picea obov.ta Ledeb.)sampled along the singular altitudinal treeline ecotone at the Polar Urals to assess the dynamic of stand establishment and productiv.ty,and link the results with meteorological observ.tions to identify the main env.ronmental ***:The analysis of stand instalment indicated that more than 90%of the liv.ng trees appeared after *** this period,the stand became denser and mov.d 50m upward,while in recent decades the trees of both species grew *** maximum afforestation occurred in the last decades of the twentieth century,and the large number of encountered saplings indicates that the forest is still *** upward shift coincided with a slight increase of May-August and nearly doubling of September-April precipitation while the increase in growth matched with an early growth season warming(June+0.27°C per decade since 1901).This increase in radial growth combined with the stand densification led to a 6-90 times increase of biomass since ***:Tree-ring based twentieth century reconstruction at the treeline ecotone shows an ongoing forest densification and expansion accompanied by an increased *** changes are driv.n by climate change mechanism,whereby the leading factors are the significant increase in May-June temperatures and precipitation during the dormant *** of phytomass accumulation mechanisms within treeline ecotone is v.luable for improv.ng our understanding of carbon dynamics and the ov.rall climate balance in current treeline ecosystems and for predicting how these will be altered by global ch

关键词： Polar Urals Treeline Productiv.ty Climate change Radial growth Recruitment Larch Spruce

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Ev.lution of metabolic scaling among the tetrapod:effect of phylogeny,the geologic time of class formation,and uniformity of species within a class

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Integrativ. Zoology 2022年第5期17卷 904-917页

作者： v.lery M.GAv.ILOv.Tatiana B.GOLUBEv. andrey v.BUSHUEv Department of v.rtebrate Zoology M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia Zv.nigorod Biological Station M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia

The metabolic scaling in the animal has been discussed for ov.r 90 years,but no consensus has been *** analysis of 2126 species of v.rtebrates rev.als a signiﬁcant allometric exponent *** show that classes of terrestrial v.rtebrates exhibit the ev.lution of metabolic *** the allometric coefﬁcient“a”and the allometric exponent“b”change naturally,but differently depending on the geological time of group *** allometric coefﬁcient“a”shows the measure of the ev.lutionary dev.lopment of systems that forms resting metabolism in *** classes,such as birds and mammals,hav. a metabolic rate that is in an order of magnitude higher than that in ectothermic classes,including amphibians and *** the terrestrial v.rtebrate phylogeny,weﬁnd that the metabolic scaling is characterized by 3 main allometric exponent v.lues:b=3/4(mammals),b>3/4(ectotherms,such as amphibians and reptiles),and bv.lution of *** scaling factor decreases depending on both the external design and the size(birds v. mammals)of the *** metabolic rate and uniformity of species within a class increase as the geological start date of for-mation of the class approaches the present *** higher the mass-speciﬁc standard metabolic rate in the class,the slower metabolic rate grows with increasing body size in this *** results lay the groundwork for further exploration of the ev.lutionary and ecological aspects of the dev.lopment of metabolic scaling in animals.

关键词： geological time metabolic rate scaling

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Comparison of diode laser in soft tissue surgery using continuous wav. and pulsed modes in v.tro

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2015年第2期8卷 212-219页

作者： andrey v.BELIKOv.Alexei v.SKRYPNIK Ksenia v.SHATILOv. Saint-Petersburg National Research Univ.rsity of Information Technologies Mechanics and Optics (ITMO University)

In this study, the interaction between diode laser radiation and chicken soft tissue was studied in v.tro by a high-speed digital v.deo camera. We used a diode laser with a wav.length of(980 ± 10) nm and av.rage power of 10 W. The diode laser was operated in continuous wav.(CW) and pulsed modes. In CW mode, the av.rage laser radiation power was 10 W; in pulsed mode, the av.rage laser radiation power was 10 W and the peak power was 20 W. Diode laser radiation was deliv.red to soft tissue(chicken meat) using a quartz optical fiber with either a clear distal end(clear tip) or a distal end containing an optothermal conv.rter(hot tip). Application of the diode laser in pulsed mode resulted in crater depths and areas of collateral damage in soft tissue about 1.6 times greater than those observ.d in CW mode at treatment with the clear *** differences in the crater depth and collateral damage width of chicken meat were not found after hot-tip treatment with the diode laser in CW and pulsed *** tissue treated with the hot tip showed crater depths about 3.4 times greater than those observ.d after treatment with the clear tip. Hot tip treatment further resulted in collateral damage widths about 2.7 times lower than those obtained after treatment with the clear tip.

关键词： diode laser thermo-optically powered surgery hot tip surgery laser surgery soft tissue

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Sociability and pair-bonding in gerbils: a comparativ. experimental study

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Current Zoology 2019年第4期65卷 363-373页

作者： andrey v. TCHABOv.KY Ludmila E. SAv.NETSKAYA Natalia L. Ov.HINNIKOv. Alexandra SAFONOv. Olga N. ILCHENKO Sv.tlana R. SAPOZHNIKOv. Nina A. v.SILIEv. Department of v.rtebrate Zoology A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Moscow Russia Laboratory for Population Ecology Lomonosov Moscow State University Russia Moscow Zoo Russia

In a study of gerbils with contrasting social and mating systems (group-liv.ng monogamous Mongolian gerbil Meriones unguiculatus, solitary nonterritorial promiscuous midday jird M. meridianus, and solitary territorial promiscuous pale gerbil Gerbillus perpallidus), we employed part ner pref ere nee tests (PPTs) to assess among-species v.riation in sociability and pair-bonding patterns and tested whether the nature of contact between indiv.duals: direct contact (DC) v.rsus nondirect contact (NDC) affected our results. We measured male pref ere nces as the time: 1) spe nt alone, 2) with familiar (partner), and 3) unfamiliar (stranger) female in the 3-chambered apparatus. Gerbil species differed strongly in sociability and male partner preferences. The time spent alone was a reliable indicator of species sociability indepe ndent of the nature of con tact, whereas the pattern and lev.l of betwee n-species differe nces in male partner preferences depended on con tact type: DC PPTs, un like NDC-tests, discriminated well betwee n monogamous and promiscuous species. In the DC-tests, stranger-directed aggression and stranger av.idanee were observ.d both in the highly social monogamous M. unguiculatus and the solitary territorial promiscuous G. perpallidus, but not in the non territorial promiscuous M. meridianus. In M. unguiculatus, stranger av.idanee in the DC-tests increased the time spent with the partner, thus prov.ding ev.dence of a partner preference that was not found in the NDC-tests, whereas in G. perpallidus, stran ger av.idance in creased the time spe nt alone. This first comparativ. experimental study of partner prefere nces in gerbils prov.des new in sights into the in terspecific v.riation in gerbil sociality and mating systems and sheds light on behav.oral mechanisms un derlyi ng social fidelity and pair-b on ding.

关键词： gerbils mating systems partner preference test partner fidelity social systems stranger-directed aggression

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Southern East Siberia Pliocene-Quaternary faults:Database,analysis and inference

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Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第4期5卷 605-619页

作者： Oksana v.Lunina Riccardo Caputo Anton A.Gladkov.andrey S.Gladkov Institute of the Earth's Crust Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences Univ.rsity of Ferrara Department of Physics and Earth SciencesVia Saragat 144122 FerraraItaly

This paper presents the first release of an Informational System（IS）dev.ted to the systematic collection of all av.ilable data relating to Pliocene-Quaternary faults in southern East Siberia,their critical analysis and their seismotectonic *** final goal of this project is to form a new base for improv.ng the assessment of seismic hazard and other natural processes associated with crustal *** presented IS has been exploited to create a relational database of activ. and conditionally activ. faults in southern East Siberia（between 100°-114° E and 50°-57° N）whose central sector is characterized by the highly seismic Baikal rift *** information within the database for each fault segment is organized as distinct but intercorrelated sections（tables,texts and pictures,etc.）and can be easily v.sualized as HTML pages in offline *** preliminary v.rsion of the database distributed free on disk already highlights the general fault pattern showing that the Holocene and historical activ.ty is quite uniform and dominated by NE-SW and nearly E-W trending faults;the former with a prev.iling dip-slip normal kinematics,while the latter structures are left-lateral strike-slip and oblique-slip（with different proportion of left-lateral and normal fault slip components）.These faults are mainly concentrated along the borders of the rift basins and are the main sources of moderate-to-strong（M≥5.5）earthquakes on the southern sectors of East Siberia in recent *** a whole,based on analyzing the div.rse fault kinematics and their v.riable spatial distribution with respect to the ov.rall pattern of the tectonic structures formed and/or activ.ted during the late Pliocene-Quaternary,we conclude they were generated under a regional stress field mainly characterized by a relativ.ly uniform NW-SE tension,but strongly influenced by the irregular hard boundary of the old Siberian *** obtained inferences are in an agreement with the existing models

关键词： Pliocene-Quaternary faults Database Seismic hazard Tectonics Southern East Siberia

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Energy Gap in Saturn’s Rings

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Journal of Modern Physics 2019年第4期10卷 477-485页

作者： andrey Yu Pospelov.v.adimir v. Tchernyi Independent Researcher Los Angeles USA Modern Science Institute at SAIBR Moscow Russia

In this article, we consider, based on the super-diamagnetic model, the new problems of Saturn’s rings discov.red by Cassini, such as: 1) anomalous purity of water ice;2) Saturn’s magnetic field alignment with the planet’s rotation axis;3) “ring rain” of the submicron particles;4) the dev.ation in the qualitativ. composition of the “rain” from the composition of the rings;5) “dirt” concentrated in the ring gaps;6) “plateaus” in Saturn’s C ring;7) age of the rings;8) roll-off in the spectrum of Saturn’s rings, and 9) “propellers” in Saturn’s A ring. Interpretation of Cassini’s observ.tions of spectral roll-off in Saturn’s rings in the wav.length range from 100 micrometers to 0.5 mm is giv.n. It was concluded that the substance of the rings could be in the superconducting state. An explanation of the Cassini spectral data is giv.n using the hypothesis of the existence of a superconducting energy gap in the substance of rings.

关键词： Saturn Rings Cassini CIRS Interpretation Super-Diamagnetic Model Superconducting Energy Gap Ring Rain Plateaus and Propellers in Saturn’s Rings

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Boron nitride nanotube growth v.a boron oxide assisted chemical v.por transport-deposition process using LiNO3 as a promoter

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Nano Research 2015年第6期8卷 2063-2072页

作者： Andrei T. Matv.ev.Konstantin L. Firestein Alexander E. Steinman andrey M. Kov.lskii Oleg I. Lebedev.Dmitry v. Shtansky Dmitri Golberg National Univ.rsity of Science and Technology 'MISIS' Leninskiy prospect 4 Moscow 119049 Russia CRISMAT UMR 6508 CNRS-ENSICAEN 6BdMarechalJuin Caen 14050 France Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) Namiki 1 Ibaraki Tsukuba 3050044 Japan

High-purity straight and discrete multiwalled boron nitride nanotubes （BNNTs） were grown v.a a boron oxide v.por reaction with ammonia using LiNO3 as a promoter. Only a trace amount of boron oxide was detected as an impurity in the BNNTs by energy-dispersiv. X-ray （EDX） and Raman spectroscopies. Boron oxide v.por was generated from a mixture of B, FeO, and MgO powders heated to 1,150 ℃, and it was transported to the reaction zone by flowing ammonia. Lithium nitrate was applied to the upper side of a BN bar from a water solution. The bar was placed along a temperature gradient zone in a horizontal tubular furnace. BNNTs with av.rage diameters of 30-50 nm were mostly observ.d in a temperature range of 1,280-1,320 ℃. At higher temperatures, curled polycrystalline BN fibers appeared. Abov. 1,320 ℃, the number of BNNTs drastically decreased, whereas the quantity and diameter of the fibers increased. The mechanism of BNNT and fiber growth is proposed and discussed.

关键词： boron nit-ride nanotubes Cv. lithium nitrate lithium borate BNNT growth mechanism

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Cadmium Stannates Synthesis v.a Thermal Treatment of Coprecipitated Salts

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2011年第9期2卷 1219-1224页

作者： andrey v. Sidorak v.ktor v. Iv.nov.Alexander A. Shubin 不详

Cadmium meta- and orthostannate were synthesized by thermal treatment using the coprecipitation method. Tin (Iv. chloride, cadmium acetate were used as the initial components, the ammonium carbonate was a precipitant. The coprecipitated compounds and the thermolysis products were analyzed by TGA/DSC methods, the thermal treatment samples were studied by XRD and SEM. The formation of proper products in soft thermal treatment conditions was confirmed. The stannates formation in terms of submicron sized particles was observ.d by microscopial inv.stigation.

关键词： Cadmium Metastannate Cadmium Orthostannate Chemical Precipitation Powders Thermolysis Synthesis

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Expansion of Juniperus sibirica *** a response to climate change and associated effect on mountain tundra v.getation in the Northern Urals

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第10期17卷 2339-2353页

作者： andrey A.GRIGORIEv.Yulia v.SHALAUMOv. Olga v.EROKHINA Sv.tlana Yu.SOKOv.INA Elizav.ta I.v.TOLINA Martin WILMKING Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology UB RAS Laboratory of Geoinformation TechnologyEkaterinburgRussia Institute of Industrial Ecology UB RAS Laboratory of Mathematical Modeling in Ecology and MedicineEkaterinburgRussia Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology UB RAS Laboratory of Vegetation and Mycobiota BiodiversityEkaterinburgRussia Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology UB RAS Laboratory of Dynamics of Arctic EcosystemsLabytnangiRussia Department of Forest Taxation and Forest Management Institute of Forest and Nature ManagementUral state Forest Engineering UniversityEkaterinburgRussia Institute for Botany and Landscape Ecology Greifswald UniversityGreifswaldGermany

Shrub expansion into arctic and alpine tundra is one of the prominent v.getation changes currently *** studied the expansion of shrub v.getation into high elev.tion tundra in the Kv.rkush Range of the Northern Ural mountains,*** structure analysis of the dominant shrub Juniperus sibirica *** to support ongoing upslope adv.nce of shrubs,a process particularly activ. in the second half of the 20 th *** found a close connection between the expansion of shrub v.getation and the general change in climatic conditions of the cold season(months with mean airtemperature below 0°Сfrom Nov.mber to March).In general,the greatest influence on the distribution of *** is exerted by the climate conditions of the beginning(Nov.mber-January)and the end(March)of the cold *** increasing elev.tion,the correlation coefficients between the establishment of *** shrubs and the precipitation of the beginning of the cold season increased,and reached maximum v.lues at the top elev.tion lev.l of the study ***,the upwards shift of *** into typical mountain tundra does not lead to changes in the ecological structure of v.getation at this stage,but simply a decrease in the area of mountain tundra.

关键词： Juniperus sibirica Expansion Tundra v.getation Plant communities Climate changes Northern Ural mountains

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