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Lighting up aggregate emission of perylene diimide by leveraging polymerization-mediated through-space charge transfer and π-π stacking

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Science China Chemistry 2024年

作者： Suiying Ye Désirée Füglistaller Tian Tian Anjay Manian Sudhir Kumar Celine Nardo andrew.j.christofferson Salvy P.Russo Chih-jen Shih jean-Christophe Leroux Yinyin Bao Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5 ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science School of Science RMIT University School of Science STEM College RMIT University

The molecular engineering of fluorescent organic/polymeric materials, specifically those emitting in the deep red to near-infrared spectrum, is vital for advancements in optoelectronics and biomedicine. Perylene diimide(PDI), a well-known fluorescent scaffold, offers high thermal and photophysical stability but suffers from fluorescence quenching in solid or aggregate states due to intense π-π interactions. To mitigate this, simple and versatile methods for strong PDI aggregate emission without extensive synthetic demands are highly desirable but still lacking. Here, we report a straightforward strategy to enhance the solid-state emission of PDI by introducing certain degree of through-space charge transfer(TSCT) via controlled radical polymerization,which can efficiently distort the typical face-to-face PDI stacking, enabling greatly enhanced deep red emission. This is achieved by growing electron-donating star-shape styrenic(co)polymers from a multidirectional electron-accepting PDI initiator. The incorporation of polycyclic aromatic monomers further shifted the emission into the near-infrared region, albeit with a reduced intensity. Overall, the emission of the PDI-based TSCT polymers can be systematically manipulated by leveraging the balance between PDI stacking and the TSCT degree, as confirmed by both experimental study and theoretical calculations. Our approach circumvents complex synthetic procedures, offering highly emissive materials with large Stokes shifts and showing broad potential for optoelectronic technology.

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On the apparent line-of-sight alignment of the peak X-ray intensity of the magnetosheath and the tangent to the magnetopause,as viewed by SMILE-SXI

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 155-172页

作者： andrew Read Department of Physics&Astronomy University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK

The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)on board the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)spacecraft will be able to view the Earth’s magnetosheath in soft *** images of the X-ray emission visible from the position of SMILE are created for a range of solar wind densities by using 3 years of the SMILE mission orbit,together with models of the expected X-ray emissivity from the Earth’s *** from global magnetohydrodynamic simulations and a simple model for exospheric neutral densities are used to compare the locations of the lines of sight along which integrated soft X-ray intensities peak with the lines of sight lying tangent to surfaces(defined here to be the magnetopause)along which local soft X-ray intensities peak or exhibit their strongest gradients,or both,for strongly southward interplanetary magnetic field conditions when no depletion or low-latitude boundary layers are ***,in the parameter space of the various times and seasons,orbital phases,solar wind conditions,and magnetopause models,the alignment of the X-ray emission peak with the magnetopause tangent is good,or is not,is *** main results are as *** spacecraft needs to be positioned well outside the magnetopause;low-altitude times near perigee are not *** addition,there are seasonal aspects:dayside-apogee orbits are generally very good because the spacecraft travels out sunward at high altitude,but nightside-apogee orbits,behind the Earth,are bad because the spacecraft only rarely leaves the ***-apogee and dawnapogee orbits are ***-apogee orbits worsen slightly over the first three mission years,whereas nightside-apogee orbits improve ***,many more times of good agreement with the peak-to-tangent hypothesis occur when the solar wind is in a high-density state,as opposed to a low-density *** a high-density state,the magnetopause is compressed,and the spacecraft is more often a good d

关键词： X-rays magnetosphere magnetosheath magnetopause Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE) Earth solar wind charge exchange

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Effects of different organic fertilizers on nitrous oxide and methane emissions from double-cropping rice fields

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 52-62页

作者： Mingcheng HU andrew j.WADE Weishou SHEN Zhenfang ZHONG Chongwen QIU Xiangui LIN jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Geography and Environmental Science University of ReadingReading RG66 DWUK Haina Research Institute of Guangdong Haina Agricultural Co. Ltd.Huizhou 516000China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Rice fields are a major source of greenhouse gases,such as nitrous oxide (N_(2)O) and methane (CH_(4)).Organic fertilizers may potentially replace inorganic fertilizers to meet the nitrogen requirement for rice growth;however,the simultaneous effects of organic fertilizers on N_(2)O and CH_(4)emissions and crop yield in paddy fields remain poorly understood and *** this study,experimental plots were established in conventional double-cropping paddy fields in the Pearl River Delta,China,including an unfertilized control and five fertilizer treatments with fresh organic fertilizer (FOF),successively composted organic fertilizer (SOF),chemically composted organic fertilizer (COF),COF supplemented with inorganic fertilizer (COIF),and chemical fertilizers (CFs)(TFOF,TSOF,TCOF,TCOIF,and TCF,respectively).Paddy field soils behaved simultaneously as an N_(2)O sink (cumulative N_(2)O emission:-196 to-381 g N ha^(-1)) and as a CH_(4)source (cumulative CH_(4)emission:719 to 2 178 kg ha^(-1)).Compared to CFs,the effects of organic fertilizers on N_(2)O emission were not *** contrast,total annual CH_(4)emission increased by 157%,132%,125%,and 37%in TFOF,TCOF,TSOF,and TCOIF,respectively,compared to *** TCOIF,rice yield was maintained,while CH_(4)emission was not significantly increased from the paddy fields characterized by a prolonged flood *** important next step is to extend these field-based measurements to larger rice cultivation areas to quantify the regional and national-scale impacts on greenhouse gas emissions and to help determine the optimum practice for fertilizer use.

关键词： crop production global warming potential greenhouse gases manure paddy sustainable agriculture

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Controlling the hidden parity in vectorial light with metasurfaces

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第4期6卷 5-6页

作者： Cade Peters andrew Forbes University of the Witwatersrand School of Physics

Identifying and controlling new degrees of freedom in structured light has exploded of late.1One such form of structured light is vectorial beams with spatially inhomogeneous polarization structures, already having fo... 详细信息

关键词： Polarization Structured light Design Quantum light Birefringence Holograms Quantum communications Quantum control Quantum information Resonators

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Mshpy23:a user-friendly,parameterized model of magnetosheath conditions

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 89-104页

作者： jaewoong jung Hyunju Connor andrew Dimmock Steve Sembay andrew Read jan Soucek NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMDUSA Department of Astronomy University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA Swedish Institude of Space Physics UppsalaSweden University of Leicester LeicesterUK Institute of Atmospheric Physics Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic

Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray Imager(LEXI)and Solar wind−Magnetosphere−Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)will observe magnetosheath and its boundary motion in soft X-rays for understanding magnetopause reconnection modes under various solar wind conditions after their respective launches in 2024 and *** conditions,namely,plasma density,velocity,and temperature,are key parameters for predicting and analyzing soft X-ray images from the LEXI and SMILE *** developed a userfriendly model of magnetosheath that parameterizes number density,velocity,temperature,and magnetic field by utilizing the global Magnetohydrodynamics(MHD)model as well as the pre-existing gas-dynamic and analytic *** this parameterized magnetosheath model,scientists can easily reconstruct expected soft X-ray images and utilize them for analysis of observed images of LEXI and SMILE without simulating the complicated global magnetosphere ***,we created an MHD-based magnetosheath model by running a total of 14 OpenGGCM global MHD simulations under 7 solar wind densities(1,5,10,15,20,25,and 30 cm)and 2 interplanetary magnetic field Bz components(±4 nT),and then parameterizing the results in new magnetosheath *** compared the magnetosheath model result with THEMIS statistical data and it showed good agreement with a weighted Pearson correlation coefficient greater than 0.77,especially for plasma density and plasma ***,we compiled a suite of magnetosheath models incorporating previous magnetosheath models(gas-dynamic,analytic),and did two case studies to test the *** MHD-based model was comparable to or better than the previous models while providing self-consistency among the magnetosheath ***,we constructed a tool to calculate a soft X-ray image from any given vantage point,which can support the planning and data analysis of the aforementioned LEXI and SMILE missions.A release of the code has been uploaded to a Git

关键词： magnetosheath python modeling

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Rational Schur Superalgebras

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Algebra Colloquium 2024年第2期31卷 209-220页

作者： andrew Riesen Shun-jen Cheng Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences University of Alberta 1132489 Ave NWEdmontonAlbertaCanada 不详

We develop and study the generalization of rational Schur algebras to the super *** to the classical case,this provides a new method for studying rational supermodules of the general linear supergroup GL(m|n).Furthermore,we establish a Schur-Weyl duality result for rational Schur superalgebras and conclude that under certain conditions these objects will be semisimple.

关键词： Schur algebra supermathematics general linear supergroup

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Palladium-catalyzed S_(N)2 glycosylation of phenols

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1037-1038页

作者： Yu Zhu P.andrew Evans Department of Chemistry Queen’s University90 Bader LaneKingstonK7L 3N6Canada Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Central South UniversityChangsha 410013China

Glycosides are essential structural motifs present in an array of important medicines,materials,and natural products[1].Nevertheless,the chemo-and stereoselective construction of the glycosidic linkage is a long-standing challenge because relatively minor variations in the glycosyl donor or acceptor’s structure can impact stereoselectivity,thus influencing the product's functional properties.

关键词： properties Palladium catalyzed

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Etiology and management of urethral calculi:A systematic review of contemporary series

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Asian journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 10-18页

作者： andrew Morton Arsalan Tariq Nigel Dunglison Rachel Esler Matthew j.Roberts Faculty of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Urology Ipswich HospitalQueenslandAustralia Department of Urology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalQueenslandAustralia The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research HerstonAustralia

Objective:To conduct a systematic literature review on urethral calculi in a contemporary cohort describing etiology,investigation,and management ***:A systematic search of MEDLINE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL)databases was ***,including case reports and case series on urethral calculi published between january 2000 and December 2019,were ***-text manuscripts were reviewed for clinical parameters including symptomatology,etiology,medical history,investigations,treatment,and *** were collated and analyzed with univariate ***:Seventy-four publications met inclusion criteria,reporting on 95 *** symptoms(41.1%),pain(40.0%),and acute urinary retention(32.6%)were common presenting *** calculi were most often initially investigated using plain X-ray(63.2%),with almost all radio-opaque(98.3%).Urethral calculi were frequently associated with coexistent bladder or upper urinary tract calculi(16.8%)and underlying urethral pathology(53.7%)including diverticulum(33.7%)or stricture(13.7%).Urethral calculi were most commonly managed with external urethrolithotomy(31.6%),retrograde manipulation(22.1%),and endoscopic in situ lithotripsy(17.9%).Conclusion:This unique systematic review of urethral calculi provided a summary of clinical features and treatment trends with a suggested treatment *** in contemporary urological practice should be according to calculus size,shape,anatomical location,and presence of urethral pathology.

关键词： Urinary calculi Urethra Urethral calculi Management algorithm

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Effects of organic fertilizers produced using different techniques on rice grain yield and ammonia volatilization in double-cropping rice fields

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 110-120页

作者： Mingcheng HU andrew jWADE Weishou SHEN Zhenfang ZHONG Chongwen QIU Xiangui LIN jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technologyand School of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Geography and Environmental Science University of ReadingReading RG65DWUK Haina Research Institute of Guangdong Haina Agricultural Co. Ltd.Huizhou 516000China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Ammonia(NH_(3)) volatilization from rice fields contributes to poor air quality and indicates low nitrogen use efficiency. Although organic fertilizers can meet the nitrogen requirement for rice growth, the simultaneous effects of organic fertilizers on NH_(3) volatilization and rice yield in paddy fields are poorly understood and quantified. To address this gap in our knowledge, experimental field plots were established in a conventional double-cropping paddy field in the Pearl River Delta region, southern China. Five fertilizer treatments were used besides the control with no fertilizer: fresh organic fertilizer, successively composted organic fertilizer, chemically composted organic fertilizer, mixture of chemically composted organic fertilizer with inorganic fertilizer, and chemical fertilizer. Ammonia volatilization was measured using a batch-type airflow enclosure method. No significant differences in grain yield were observed among organic and chemical fertilizer treatments. However, compared with chemical fertilizer, chemically composted organic fertilizer and successively composted organic fertilizer significantly decreased total NH_(3) volatilization by 70% and 68%, respectively. The ammonium-nitrogen concentration in field surface water correlated strongly(P < 0.01) and positively with NH_(3) volatilization across fertilization treatments. Our findings demonstrate that chemically composted organic fertilizer can sustain rice yield while reducing NH_(3) volatilization. An important future step is to promote these field measurements to similar rice cultivation areas to quantify the regional-and national-scale impact on air quality and nitrogen deposition in sensitive areas, and to design and implement better fertilizer management practices.

关键词： air quality crop production manure NH_(3)emission nitrogen use efficiency

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A Stochastic Model to Assess the Epidemiological Impact of Vaccine Booster Doses on COVID-19 and Viral Hepatitis B Co-Dynamics with Real Data

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2973-3012页

作者： andrew Omame Mujahid Abbas Dumitru Baleanu Department of Mathematics Federal University of TechnologyOwerri460114Nigeria Abdus Salam School of Mathematical Sciences Government College UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Mathematics Government College UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Labanese American UniversityBeirutLebanon Institute of Space Sciences Magurele-BucharestRomania Department of Medical Research China Medical University HospitalChina Medical UniversityTaichung40402Taiwan

A patient co-infected with COVID-19 and viral hepatitis B can be atmore risk of severe complications than the one infected with a single *** study develops a comprehensive stochastic model to assess the epidemiological impact of vaccine booster doses on the co-dynamics of viral hepatitis B and *** model is fitted to real COVID-19 data from *** proposed model incorporates logistic growth and saturated incidence *** analyses using the tools of stochastic calculus,are performed to study appropriate conditions for the existence of unique global solutions,stationary distribution in the sense of ergodicity and disease *** stochastic threshold estimated from the data fitting is given by:R_(0)^(S)=*** assessments are implemented to illustrate the impact of double-dose vaccination and saturated incidence functions on the dynamics of both *** effects of stochastic white noise intensities are also highlighted.

关键词： Viral hepatitis B COVID-19 stochastic model extinction ergodicity real data

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