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the promise of γδ t cells and the γδ t cell receptor for cancer immunotherapy

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2015年第6期12卷 656-668页

作者： Mateusz Legut David K Cole andrew K Sewell Division of Infection and Immunity and Svstems Immunitv Universitv Research Institute. Cardiff University School of Medicine Cardiff UK

γδ t cells form an important part of adaptive immune responses against infections and malignant transformation. the molecular targets of humanγδt cell receptors （tCRs） remain largely unknown, but recent studies have confirmed the recognition of phosphorylated prenyl metabolites, lipids in complex with CD1 molecules and markers of cellular stress. All of these molecules are upregulated on various cancer types, highlighting the potential importance of the γδ t cell compartment in cancer immunosurveiliance and paving the way for the use of γδtCRs in cancer therapy. Ligand recognition by the γδ tCR often requires accessorylco-stimulatory stress molecules on both t cells and target cells; this cellular stress context therefore provides a failsafe against harmful self-reactivity. Unlike αβ t cells, γδ t cells recognise their targets irrespective of HLA haplotype and therefore offer exciting possibilities for off-the-shelf, pan-population cancer immunotherapies. Here, we present a review of known ligands of human γδ t cells and discuss the promise of harnessing these cells for cancer treatment.

关键词： cancer γδ t cells immunotherapy phosphoantigens t cell receptor

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高原鼠兔交配关系的研究

兽类学报 1989年第3期9卷 210-215页

作者：王学高 andrew t.Smith 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所美国亚利桑那州立大学动物学系

1984—1987年在青海湖黑马河湖滨地区,以耳标观察法对高原鼠兔繁殖期交配关系的研究表明:高原鼠兔种群中单婚制占39.73％;一夫多妻(2—5)占45.21％;二夫一妻和多妻(2—4)占15.07％,其中2只雄鼠必有1只为主雄,另1只为次雄。

关键词：高原鼠兔交配关系鼠兔

Some Insights in Novel Risk Modeling of Liquefied Natural Gas Carrier Maintenance Operations

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Journal of Marine Science and Application 2016年第2期15卷 144-156页

作者： t. C. Nwaoha andrew John Marine Engineering Department College of Technology Federal University of Petroleum Resources Effurun P.M.B. 1221 Nigeria Welding and Offshore Engineering Department Petroleum Training Institute Effurun P.M.B. 20 Nigeria

this study discusses the analysis of various modeling approaches such as genetic algorithms, fuzzy logic and evidential reasoning, and maintenance techniques applicable to the liquefied natural gas （LNG） carrier operations in the maritime environment. the usefulness of these algorithms in the LNG carrier industry in the areas of risk assessment and maintenance modeling as a standalone or hybrid algorithm are identified. this is evidenced with illustrative case studies.

关键词： safety risk modeling maintenance LNG carrier fuzzylogic genetic algorithm evidential reasoning

Percutaneous Dilational tracheostomy in the Emergent Setting

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2013年第2期4卷 96-98页

作者： andrew McCague David t. Wong Arrowhead Regional Medical Center Colton USA

Objective: Since its inception, the use of the percutaneous dilational tracheostomy (PDt) has been contraindicated in the setting of an emergent airway. Emerging in the literature are several cases of successful emergent PDts. Here we present our experience with the use of PDt in managing emergent airways. Study Design: All patients who underwent emergent PDt, using the Ciaglia Blue Rhino Introducer Set (Cook Critical Care, Bloomington,IN), in an academic county hospital setting between February 2010 and May 2012 were included in the study. Electronic medical records were reviewed for demographic and procedural data. Results: twelve patients were included in the study with ages ranging from 20 to 87 (mean 57) years-old. the most common reason for emergent airway was trauma (7 patients), followed by obstructing neck mass (2 patients), septic shock (2 patients), and angioedema (1 patient). Seven PDts were performed in the OR, four at bedside and one in the ER. three of the 12 patients had emergent cricothyroidotomies in place that malfunctioned, requiring emergent conversion. No patients suffered from short term complications. One patient developed a neck abscess at the site of the PDt one month post operatively, two patients had accidental decanulation post operatively, and both were replaced without complication. Conclusions: PDt can be used in the emergent setting in the hands of trained practitioners with minimal complications. A larger, prospective trial is needed to make conclusions regarding patient care.

关键词： Percutaneous Dilational tracheostomy Emergent Airway tracheostomy

Very high-frequency gravitational waves from magnetars and gamma-ray bursts

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Chinese Physics C 2017年第12期41卷 112-121页

作者：文毫李芳昱李瑾方祯云 andrew Beckwith Department of Physics Chongqing University Chongqing 401331 China

Extremely powerful astrophysical electromagnetic（EM） systems could be possible sources of highfrequency gravitational waves（HFGWs）. Here, based on properties of magnetars and gamma-ray bursts（GRBs）, we address ＂Gamma-HFGWs＂（with very high-frequency around 1020 Hz） caused by ultra-strong EM radiation（in the radiation-dominated phase of GRB fireballs） interacting with super-high magnetar surface magnetic fields（～1011 t）.By certain parameters of distance and power, the Gamma-HFGWs would have far field energy density ？gw around10-6, and they would cause perturbed signal EM waves of～10-20 W/m2 in a proposed HFGW detection system based on the EM response to GWs. Specially, Gamma-HFGWs would possess distinctive envelopes with characteristic shapes depending on the particular structures of surface magnetic fields of magnetars, which could be exclusive features helpful to distinguish them from background noise. Results obtained suggest that magnetars could be involved in possible astrophysical EM sources of GWs in the very high-frequency band, and Gamma-HFGWs could be potential targets for observations in the future.

关键词： high frequency gravitational waves source of gravitational waves magnetar gamma-ray bursts

the Effect of Impeller Pitch Angle and Clearance on Solids Suspension

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The Effect of Impeller Pitch Angle and Clearance on Solids S...

WEAK ERROR EStIMAtES FOR tRAJECtORIES OF SPDEs UNDER SPECtRAL GALERKIN DISCREtIZAtION

third Joint China/USA Chemical Engineering Conference

作者： andrew t C Mak Air Products ＆ Chemicals Inc. 6505 Central Plaza18 Harbour RoadWanchaiHong Kong

＜正＞this study covered flow observation, the measurement of power and solids suspension （Njs） for a series of t/3 pitched bladed turbines with various pitched angles. three types of particle flow pattern have been identified on the vessel base;vortexing was found at the centre, circumferential flow took place at the outermost regions with radial flow in between. It was confirmed that all impellers have an optimum clearance and one has to match this with the pitch angle to obtain the maximum benefit for solids suspension. this could be a very valuable piece of information for retrofitting without going for the expense of purchasing extra equipment when there is a change of mixing duty.

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2018年第2期36卷 159-182页

作者： Charles-Edouard Brehier Martin Hairer andrew M. Stuart Univ Lyon CNRS Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 UMR5208 Institut Camille Jordan F-69622 Villeurbanne France Department of Mathematics Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK Computing and Mathematical Sciences California Institute of Technology 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 305-16 Pasadena CA 91125 USA

We consider stochastic semi-linear evolution equations which are driven by additive, spatially correlated, Wiener noise, and in particular consider problems of heat equation （analytic semigroup） and damped-driven wave equations （bounded semigroup） type. We discretize these equations by means of a spectral Galerkin projection, and we study the approximation of the probability distribution of the trajectories： test functions are regular, but depend on the values of the process on the interval [0, t]. We introduce a new approach in the context of quantative weak error analysis for discretization of SPDEs. the weak error is formulated using a deterministic function （It6 map） of the stochastic convolution found when the nonlinear term is dropped. the regularity properties of the It6 map are exploited, and in particular second-order taylor expansions employed, to transfer the error from spectral approximation of the stochastic convolution into the weak error of interest. We prove that the weak rate of convergence is twice the strong rate of convergence in two situations. First, we assume that the covariance operator commutes with the generator of the semigroup： the first order term in the weak error expansion cancels out thanks to an independence property. Second, we remove the commuting assumption, and extend the previous result, thanks to the analysis of a new error term depending on a commutator.

关键词： Stochastic Partial Differential Equations Weak approximation Spectral Galerkin discretization

Effect of high-intensity interval training in adolescents with asthma:the eXercise for Asthma with Commando Joe’s^(■)(X4ACJ)trial

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第4期10卷 488-498页

作者： Charles O.N.Winn Kelly A.Mackintosh William t.B.Eddolls Gareth Stratton andrew M.Wilson Melitta A.McNarry Gwyneth A.Davies Swansea University Medical School Singleton CampusSwansea UniversitySwansea SA28PPUK Applied Sports technology Exercise and Medicine(A-STEM)Research CentreCollege of EngineeringBay CampusSwansea UniversitySwansea SA18ENUK Norwich Medical School University of East AngliaNorwichEngland NR47TJUK

Background:Higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with reduced asthma severity and increased quality of life in those with ***,the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a 6-month high-intensity interval training(HIIt)intervention in adolescents with and without ***:A total of 616 adolescents(334 boys;13.0±1.1 years,1.57±0.10 m,52.6±12.9 kg,mean±SD),including 155 with asthma(78 boys),were recruited as part of a randomized controlled trial from 5 schools(4 control and 1 intervention).the 221 intervention participants(116 boys;47 asthma)completed 6 months of school-based HIIt(30 min,3 times per week,10-30 s bouts at>90%age-predicted maximum heart rate with equal rest).At baseline,mid-intervention,post-intervention,and 3-month follow-up,measurements for 20-m shuttle run,body mass index(BMI),lung function,Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory,Paediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire,and Asthma Control Questionnaire were ***,69 adolescents(39 boys(of the 36 with asthma there were 21 boys))also completed an incremental ramp *** analysis,each group’s data(intervention and control)were divided into those with and without ***:Participants with asthma did not differ from their peers in any parameter of aerobic fitness,at any time-point,but were characterized by a greater *** intervention elicited a significant improvement in maximal aerobic fitness but no change in sub-maximal parameters of aerobic fitness,lung function,or quality of life irrespective of asthma *** in the intervention group maintained their BMI,whereas BMI significantly increased in the control group throughout the 6-month ***:HIIt represents an effective tool for improving aerobic fitness and maintaining BMI in adolescents,irrespective of asthma *** was well-tolerated by those with asthma,who evidenced a similar aerobic fitness to their healthy peers and responded equally

关键词： Body mass index Cardiorespiratory fitness Intermittent exercise Intervention Quality of life

Involvement of toll-like receptor 5 in mouse model of colonic hypersensitivity induced by neonatal maternal separation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第29期28卷 3903-3916页

作者： Geoffroy Mallaret Amandine Lashermes Mathieu Meleine Ludivine Boudieu Julie Barbier Youssef Aissouni Agathe Gelot Benoit Chassaing andrew t Gewirtz Denis Ardid Frederic Antonio Carvalho Department of Pharmacology UMR 1107 NeuroDolUniversity of Clermont AuvergneClermont-Ferrand 63000France Department of Microbiology UniversitéParis-SaclayNational Research Institute for AgricultureFood and the EnvironmentAgroParisTechMicalis InstituteJouy-en-Josas 78350France team“Mucosal Microbiota in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases” INSERM U1016CNRS UMR 8104UniversitéParis CitéParis 75014France Center for Inflammation Institute for Biomedical SciencesGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGA30033United States Department of Pharmacology INSERM 1107 NeuroDOL/University of Clermont AuvergneClermont-Ferrand 63000France

BACKGROUND Chronic abdominal pain is the most common cause for gastroenterology consultation and is frequently associated with functional gastrointestinal disorders including irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease. these disorders present similar brain/gut/microbiota trialogue alterations, associated with abnormal intestinal permeability, intestinal dysbiosis and colonic hypersensitivity(CHS). Intestinal dysbiosis can alter colon homeostasis leading to abnormal activation of the innate immunity that promotes CHS, perhaps involving the toll-like receptors(tLRs), which play a central role in innate *** to understand the mechanisms between early life event paradigm on intestinal permeability, fecal microbiota composition and CHS development in mice with tLRs expression in *** Maternal separation model(NMS) CHS model, which mimics deleterious events in childhood that can induce a wide range of chronic disorders during adulthood were used. Colonic sensitivity of NMS mice was evaluated by colorectal distension(CRD) coupled with intracolonic pressure variation(IPV) measurement. Fecal microbiota composition was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing from weaning to CRD periods. tLR mRNA expression was evaluated in ***, the effect of acute intrarectal instillation of the tLR5 agonist flagellin(FliC) on CHS in adult naive wildtype mice was *** Around 50% of NMS mice exhibited increased intestinal permeability and CHS associated with intestinal dysbiosis, characterized by a significant decrease of species richness, an alteration of the core fecal microbiota and a specific increased relative abundance of flagellated bacteria. Only tLR5mRNA expression was increased in colonocytes of NMS mice with CHS. Acute intrarectal instillation of FliC induced transient increase of IPV, reflecting transient CHS *** Altogether, these data suggest a pathophysiological continuum between intestinal dysbiosis a

关键词： Chronic abdominal pain Colonic hypersensitivity toll-like receptors Intestinal microbiota Early life events