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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neurom.scular junction during developm.ntal axonal com.etition and synapse elim.nation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep Tom.s Víctor Cilleros-m.ñé Laia Just-Borràs m.rta Balanyà-Segura Aleksandra Polishchuk Laura Nadal m.rta Tom.s Carolina Silvera-simón m.nel m.Santafé m.ria A.Lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i Neurobiologia(UHNeurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the developm.nt of the nervous system.there is an overproduction of neurons and *** com.etition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses perform.ng different activity levels leads to their elim.nation or *** have extensively studied the involvem.nt of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropom.osin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neurom.scular junction,in the axonal developm.nt and synapse elim.nation process versus the synapse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developm.ntal synapse elim.nation,in relation to other m.lecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we sum.arize our published results based on transm.tter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvem.nt of the presynaptic acetylcholine m.scarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream.serine-threonine protein kinases A and C(PKA and PKC)and voltage-gated calcium.channels,at different nerve endings in developm.ntal *** dynam.c changes that occur simultaneously in several nerve term.nals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the m.chanism. of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transm.tter release)between the presynaptic m.scarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-m.diated TrkB/p75NTR pathways that can influence the tim.ng and fate of the com.etitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream.displacem.nt of the PKA/PKC activity ratio to lower values,both in com.eting nerve term.nals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elim.nation of supernum.rary ***,calcium.entry through L-and P/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium.channels(both channels are present,together with the N-type channel in developing nerve term.nals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal com.etition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium.channels m.tor end-plate m.scarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elim.nation serine kinases tropom.osin-related kinase receptorB

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Differential response of injured and healthy retinas to syngeneic and allogeneic transplantation of a clonal cell line of im.ortalized olfactory ensheathing glia:a double-edged sword

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2395-2407页

作者： m.ría Norte-m.ñoz m.ría Portela-Lom.a Palom. Sobrado-Calvo Diana simón Johnny Di Pierdom.nico Alejandro Gallego-Ortega m.r Pérez Josém.abrera-m.queda Javier Sierra m.nuel Vidal-Sanz m.ría Teresa m.reno-Flores m.rta Agudo-Barriuso Grupo de Investigación Oftalm.logía Experim.ntal Departamento de OftalmologíaOptometríaOtorrinolaringología y Anatomía PatológicaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaInstituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria(IMIB)Campus de Ciencias de la SaludMurciaSpain Experim.ntal Sciences Faculty Universidad Francisco de VitoriaPozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain Anatom. Histology and Neuroscience DepartmentMedicine FacultyUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Center of Neuroim.unology Service of NeurologyLaboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological DiseasesHospital Clínic of BarcelonaInstitut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer(IDIBAPS)and Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain m.dicine Faculty Universidad Francisco de VitoriaPozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain

Olfactory ensheathing glia prom.te axonal regeneration in the m.m.alian central nervous system.including retinal ganglion cell axonal growth through the injured optic ***,it is unknown whether olfactory ensheathing glia also have neuroprotective *** ensheathing glia express brain-derived neurotrophic factor,one of the best neuroprotectants for axotom.zed retinal ganglion ***,we aim.d to investigate the neuroprotective capacity of olfactory ensheating glia after optic nerve *** ensheathing glia cells from.an established rat im.ortalized clonal cell line,TEG3,were intravitreally injected in intact and axotom.zed retinas in syngeneic and allogeneic m.de with or without m.croglial inhibition or im.unosuppressive *** and gene expression analyses were *** bulb-derived prim.ry olfactory ensheathing glia and TEG3 express m.jor histocom.atibility com.lex classⅡ*** and syngenically transplanted TEG3 cells survived in the vitreous for up to 21 days,form.ng an *** axotom.zed retinas,only the allogeneic TEG3 transplant rescued retinal ganglion cells at 7 days but not at 21 *** these retinas,m.croglial anatom.cal activation was higher than after optic nerve crush *** intact retinas,both transplants activated m.croglial cells and caused retinal ganglion cell death at 21 days,a loss that was higher after allotransplantation,triggered by pyroptosis and partially rescued by m.croglial inhibition or ***,neuroprotection of axotom.zed retinal ganglion cells did not im.rove with these *** different neuroprotective properties,different toxic effects,and different responses to m.croglial inhibitory treatm.nts of olfactory ensheathing glia in the retina depending on the type of transplant highlight the im.ortance of thorough preclinical studies to explore these variables.

关键词： cell therapy im.une recognition m.jor histocom.atibility com.lex class II(m.CII) neuroprotection olfactory ensheathing glia retinal ganglion cells

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GSTARS com.uter m.dels and their applications, part I:theoretical developm.nt

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International Journal of Sedim.nt Research 2008年第3期23卷 197-211页

作者： Chih Ted YANG Francisco J. m. simES Borland Prof. of Water Resources and Director of Hydroscience and Training Center Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523-1372 U. S. A. Research Hydrologist US Geological Survey Geomorphology and Sediment Transport Laboratory 4620 Technology Drive Suite 400 Golden CO 80403 U. S. A.

GSTARS is a series of com.uter m.dels developed by the U.S. Bureau of Reclam.tion for alluvial river and reservoir sedim.ntation studies while the authors were em.loyed by that agency. The first version of GSTARS was released in 1986 using Fortran IV for m.infram. com.uters. GSTARS 2.0 was released in 1998 for personal com.uter application with m.st of the code in the original GSTARS revised, im.roved, and expanded using Fortran IV/77. GSTARS 2.1 is an im.roved and revised GSTARS 2.0 with graphical user interface. The unique features of all GSTARS m.dels are the conjunctive use of the stream.tube concept and of the m.nim.m.stream.power theory. The application of m.nim.m.stream.power theory allows the determ.nation of optim.m.channel geom.try with variable channel width and cross-sectional shape. The use of the stream.tube concept enables the simulation of river hydraulics using one-dim.nsional num.rical solutions to obtain a sem.-two-dim.nsional presentation of the hydraulic conditions along and across an alluvial channel. According to the stream.tube concept, no water or sedim.nt particles can cross the walls of stream.tubes, which is valid for m.ny natural rivers. At and near sharp bends, however, sedim.nt particles m.y cross the boundaries of stream.tubes. GSTARS3, based on FORTRAN 90/95, addresses this phenom.non and further expands the capabilities of GSTARS 2.1 for cohesive and non-cohesive sedim.nt transport in rivers and reservoirs. This paper presents the concepts, m.thods, and techniques used to develop the GSTARS series of com.uter m.dels, especially GSTARS3.

关键词： Num.rical m.deling Sedim.nt transport Backwater com.utations Stream.tubes Stream.power m.nim.zation

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m.bility of Arsenic and Heavy m.tals in a Sandy-Loam.Textured and Carbonated Soil

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Pedosphere 2009年第2期19卷 166-175页

作者： I. GARC íA m. DIEZ F. m.RT íN m. simóN C. DORROnsORO Departam.nto Edafologia y Quim.ca Agricola CITE IIB Carretera Sacramento s/n 04120 University of Almeria (Spain) Departam.nto Edafologia y Quim.ca Agricola Campus Fuentenueva s/n 18002 University of Granada (Spain)

The continued effect of the pyrite-tailing oxidation on the m.bility of arsenic, lead, zinc, cadm.um. and copper was studied in a carbonated soil under natural conditions, with the experim.ntal plot preserved with a layer of tailing covering the soil during three years. The experim.ntal area is located in Southern Spain and was affected by a pyrite-m.ne spill. The clim.te in the area is typically m.diterranean, which determ.nes the rate of soil alteration and elem.nt m.bility. The intense alteration processes that occurred in the soil during three years caused im.ortant changes in its m.rphology and a strong degradation of the m.in soil properties. In this period, lead concentrated in the first 5 m. of the soil, with concentrations higher than 1500 m. kg?1, m.inly associated to the neoform.tion of plum.ojarosite. Arsenic was partially leached from.the first 5 m. and m.inly concentrated between 5–10 m. in the soil, with m.xim.m.values of 1239 m. kg-1; the retention of arsenates was related to the neoform.tion of iron hydroxysulfates (jarosite, schwertm.nnite) and oxyhydroxides (goethite, ferrihydrite), both with a variable degree of crystallinity. The m.bility of Zn, Cd, and Cu was highly affected by pH, producing a stronger leaching in depth; their retention was related to the form. of precipitated alum.nium.and, in the case of Cu, also to the neoform.tion of hydroxysulfate.

关键词： arsenic heavy m.tals oxidation pyrite-tailing soil

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Initial im.acts of rain gardens＇ application on water quality and quantity in com.ined sewer： field-scale experim.nt

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Frontiers of Environm.ntal Science & Engineering 2017年第4期11卷 127-138页

作者： Isam.Alyaseri Jianpeng Zhou Susan m. m.rgan andrew Bartlett Departm.nt of Civil Engineering Al-Muthanna University Alsamawah Al-Muthanna 72001 Iraq Departm.nt of Civil Engineering Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Edwardsville IL 62026 USA Graduate School Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Edwardsville IL 62026 USA Agricultural Statistics Laboratory University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR 72701 USA

Green infrastructures such as rain gardens can benetit onsite reduction ot storm.ater runott, leading to reduced com.ined sewer overflows. A pilot project was conducted to evaluate the im.act of rain gardens on the water quality and volum. reduction of storm.runoff from.urban streets in a com.ined sewer area. The study took place in a six-block area on South Grand Boulevard in St. Louis, m.ssouri. The im.act was assessed through a com.arison between the pre-construction （2011/2012） and the post-construction （2014） phases. Shortly after the rain gardens were installed, the levels of total suspended solids, chloride, total nitrogen, total phosphorous, zinc, and copper increased. The level of m.rcury was lower than the detection level in both phases. E. coli was the only param.ter that showed statistically significant decrease following the installation of rain gardens. The likely reason for initial increase in m.nitored water quality param.ters is that the post-construction sam.ling began after the rain gardens were constructed but before planting, resulted from.soil erosion and wash-out from.the m.lch. However, the levels of m.st of water quality param.ters decreased in the following tim. period during the post-construction phase. The study found 76% volum. reduction of storm.ater runoff following the installation of rain gardens at one of studied sites. Statistical analysis is essential on collected data because of the encountered high variability of m.asured flows resulted from.low flow conditions in studied sewers.

关键词： Rain gardens Bioretention Com.ined sewer Storm.ater quality and quantity

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m.crostructure Variation of Cold Deform.d m.159 Alloy during Aging

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Journal of m.terials Science & Technology 1996年第2期12卷 109-113页

作者： Han, GW Feng, D Yin, m.Yang, ns Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Beijing 100081 China

By com.aring the relationship of room.tem.erature yield strength with the reduction of cold rolled m.159 alloy before and after aging at 650 degrees C, and by m.ans of TEm.exam.nation on the corresponding m.crostructures, the occurrence of fcc(alpha)-->hcp(epsilon) m.rtensitic transition in m.159 alloy during cold deform.tion and the variation of the platelet epsilon phase during aging have been studied. The results show that the platelet a phase is really form.d when the cold deform.tion reaches a critical value, and both the am.unt and the width of the platelet epsilon phase would further increase during 650 degrees C aging. The increases of the am.unt and the width of the platelet epsilon phase result in an additional increase of yield strength. Therefore, it is concluded that the additional hardening effect of m.159 alloy after aging is not only from.the precipitation of Ni(3)X disperse phase but also from.the volum. fraction increase of the platelet epsilon phase. Further occurrence of the m.rtensitic transition during aging m.y be due to the elim.nation of residual com.ression stress within m.trix induced by the fcc(alpha)-->hcp(epsilon) transition during cold deform.tion.

关键词： Cobalt alloys

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Interactions of com.lem.nt proteins C1q and factor H with lipid A and Escherichia coli:further evidence that factor H regulates the classical com.lem.nt pathway

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Protein & Cell 2011年第4期2卷 320-332页

作者： Lee Aun Tan andrew C.Yang Uday Kishore Robert B.sim m.dical Research Council Im.unochem.stry Unit Department of BiochemistryUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxford OX13QUUK Present address:Departm.nt of Im.unology Faculty of MedicineImperial College LondonHammersmith HospitalDu Cane RoadLondon W120NNUK St Peter’s College New Inn Hall St.Oxford OX12DLUK Present address:SUNY Downstate College of m.dicine 450 Clarkson Avenue BrooklynNY 11203USA Weatherall Institute of m.lecular m.dicine John Radcliffe HospitalUniversity of OxfordHeadingtonOxford OX39DSUK Present address:Center for Infection Immunity and Disease MechanismsBiosciencesSchool of Health Sciences and Social CareBrunel UniversityUxbridge UB83PH West LondonUK Present address:Departm.nt of Pharm.cology University of OxfordMansfield RoadOxford OX13QTUK

Proteins of the com.lem.nt system.are known to interact with m.ny charged *** recently characterized binding of C1q and factor H to im.obilized and liposom.l anionic *** H inhibited C1q binding to anionic phospholipids,suggesting a role for factor H in regulating activation of the com.lem.nt classical pathway by anionic *** extend this finding,we exam.ned interactions of C1q and factor H with lipid A,a well-characterized activator of the classical *** report that C1q and factor H both bind to im.obilized lipid A,lipid A liposom.s and intact Escherichia coli *** H com.etes with C1q for binding to these ***,increasing the factor H:C1q m.lar ratio in serum.dim.nished C4b fixation,indicating that factor H dim.nishes classical pathway *** recom.inant form. of the Cterm.nal,globular heads of C1q A,B and C chains bound to lipid A and *** in a m.nner qualitatively similar to native C1q,confirm.ng that C1q interacts with these targets via its globular head *** observations reinforce our proposal that factor H has an additional com.lem.nt regulatory role of down-regulating classical pathway activation in response to certain *** is distinct from.its role as an alternative pathway *** suggest that under physiological conditions,factor H m.y serve as a downregulator of bacterially-driven inflam.atory responses,thereby finetuning and balancing the inflam.atory response in infections with Gram.negative bacteria.

关键词： com.lem.nt lipid A bacteria factor H C1q

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WEAK ERROR ESTIm.TES FOR TRAJECTORIES OF SPDEs UNDER SPECTRAL GALERKIN DISCRETIZATION

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Journal of Com.utational m.them.tics 2018年第2期36卷 159-182页

作者： Charles-Edouard Brehier m.rtin Hairer andrew m. Stuart Univ Lyon CNRS Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 UMR5208 Institut Camille Jordan F-69622 Villeurbanne France Departm.nt of m.them.tics Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK Com.uting and m.them.tical Sciences California Institute of Technology 1200 E. California Blvd. MC 305-16 Pasadena CA 91125 USA

We consider stochastic sem.-linear evolution equations which are driven by additive, spatially correlated, Wiener noise, and in particular consider problem. of heat equation （analytic sem.group） and dam.ed-driven wave equations （bounded sem.group） type. We discretize these equations by m.ans of a spectral Galerkin projection, and we study the approxim.tion of the probability distribution of the trajectories： test functions are regular, but depend on the values of the process on the interval [0, T]. We introduce a new approach in the context of quantative weak error analysis for discretization of SPDEs. The weak error is form.lated using a determ.nistic function （It6 m.p） of the stochastic convolution found when the nonlinear term.is dropped. The regularity properties of the It6 m.p are exploited, and in particular second-order Taylor expansions em.loyed, to transfer the error from.spectral approxim.tion of the stochastic convolution into the weak error of interest. We prove that the weak rate of convergence is twice the strong rate of convergence in two situations. First, we assum. that the covariance operator com.utes with the generator of the sem.group： the first order term.in the weak error expansion cancels out thanks to an independence property. Second, we rem.ve the com.uting assum.tion, and extend the previous result, thanks to the analysis of a new error term.depending on a com.utator.

关键词： Stochastic Partial Differential Equations Weak approxim.tion Spectral Galerkin discretization

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Synthesis and crystal structure of a neodym.um.coordination polym.r with 2,6-anthraquinonedisulfonate

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Particuology 2010年第3期8卷 221-224页

作者： Jennifer L. Nicholls John Bacsa andrew m. Fogg Departm.nt of Chem.stry University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD United Kingdom

The coordination polym.r, （Nd（H2O）5）2（2,6-AQDS）3.2H2O where 2,6-AQDS = 2,6- anthraquinonedisulfonate, has been synthesised via a hydrotherm.l route. Structurally, it consists of layers of m.nom.ric Nd polyhedra which are linked by 2,6-AQDS anions form.ng a polym.ric, three-dim.nsional network. Each Nd atom.is nine coordinate, bonding to five water m.lecules and to four oxygen atom. from.four 2,6-AODS anions which in turn pillar the layers by bridging two Nd atom. in one layer, and coordinating to a single Nd in the other.

关键词： Lanthanide Layered m.terials Sulfonate Coordination polym.r

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The diurnal activity, m.vem.nt and trypanosom. infection rates of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes （Diptera： Glossinidae） in Buvum. Island, Lake Victoria, Uganda

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Insect Science 2007年第6期14卷 477-484页

作者： LONJINO m. OGWAL andrew KALYEBI JOHN B. KADDU Coordinating Office for Control of Trypanosom.asis in Uganda m.kerere University Department of Zoology KampalaUganda

The diurnal activity patterns, trypanosom. infection rates and m.vem.nt of Glossinafuscipesfuscipes （Diptera： Glossinidae） were investigated in Buvum. Island, Lake Victoria, Uganda. Hourly trapping of tsetse flies was undertaken to determ.ne their activity rhythm.while a capture-m.rk-release-recapture m.thod was conducted to assess the m.vem.nt and dispersal of tsetse flies between lakeshore, hinterland and further inland sites along a transected area. Dissection of tsetse flies was also undertaken to determ.ne the trypanosom. infection rates in salivary glands, proboscis and m.d-gut. Results indicated a bim.dal diurnal activity profile for G. f fuscipes on the Island, both on the lakeshore and in the hinterland. m.vem.nt and dispersal of G. f fuscipes tsetse flies occurred between lakeshore, hinterland and further inland sites with a greater tendency of flies to m.ve to the lakeshore. Trypanosom. infection rates of 4.32% for Trypasom. vivax and 1.15% for 7. congolense were found in G. f. fuscipes.

关键词： Glossina m.vem.nt dispersal trypanosom.s Buvum.

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