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Targeted protein delivery:carbodiimide crosslinking influences protein release from microparticles incorporated within collagen scaffolds

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2019年第5期6卷 279-287页

作者： Constantin Edi Tanase Omar Qutachi Lisa J.White Kevin m.Shakesheff andrew W.mcCaskie Serena m.Best Ruth E.Cameron Department of materials Science and metallurgy University of CambridgeCambridge Centre for Medical MaterialsCambridge27Charles Babbage RoadCB30FSUK Centre for Biomolecular Sciences School of PharmacyUniversity of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottingham NG72RDUK Division of Trauma&Orthopaedic Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of CambridgeBox 180Addenbrooke’s HospitalHills RoadCambridge CB20QQUK Present address:School of Pharmacy De Montforte UniversityLeicester LE19BHUK

Tissue engineering response may be tailored via controlled,sustained release of active agents from protein-loaded degradable microparticles incorporated directly within three-dimensional(3D)ice-templated collagen ***,the effects of covalent crosslinking during scaffold preparation on the availability and release of protein from the incorporated microparticles have not been ***,we load 3D ice-templated collagen scaffolds with controlled additions of poly-(DL-lactide-co-glycolide)*** probe the effects of subsequent N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N0-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride crosslinking on protein release,using microparticles with different internal protein *** isothiocyanate labelled bovine serum albumin is used as a model protein *** scaffolds display a homogeneous microparticle distribution,and a reduction in pore size and percolation diameter with increased microparticle addition,although these values did not fall below those reported as necessary for cell *** protein distribution within the microparticles,near the surface or more deeply located within the microparticles,was important in determining the release profile and effect of crosslinking,as the surface was affected by the carbodiimide crosslinking reaction applied to the *** of microparticles with a high proportion of protein at the surface caused both a reduction and delay in protein *** located within the bulk of the microparticles,was protected from the crosslinking reaction and no delay in the overall release profile was seen.

关键词： collagen scaffolds PLGA microparticles FITC-BSA EDC crosslinking pore size percolation diameter

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Solvent-free microwave-assisted synthesis of tenorite nanoparticle-decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2019年第6期35卷 1121-1127页

作者： Jennifer A. Rudd Cathren E. Gowenlock Virginia Gomez Ewa Kazimierska Abdullah m. Al-Enizi Enrico Andreoli andrew R. Barron Energy Safety Research Institute Swansea University Bay Campus Swansea SA1 8EN UK Chemistry Department College of Sciences KingSaud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Department of materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA

Copper-decorated carbon nanotubes(CNTs) have important applications as precursors for ultraconductive copper wires. Tenorite-decorated CNTs(CuO-CNTs) are ideal candidates and are currently developed using laborious processes. For this reason, we have developed a facile and scalable method for the synthesis of CuO-CNTs from copper acetate. It was found that the optimal loading of copper acetate onto the CNTs was 23.1 wt% and that three 1-minute microwave treatments were sufficient for the decomposition of copper acetate to copper oxide. The loading of copper oxide onto the nanotubes was confirmed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The materials were characterised using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.

关键词： microwave-assisted synthesis multi-walled carbon nanotubes Tenorite Nanoparticle

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地震的静态和动态触发与震后应力转移

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地壳构造与地壳应力 2018年第1期33卷 1-22,32页

作者： andrew m.Freed 王璞(翻译) 黄禄渊(校对) Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907 不详

触发地震是指与地震相关的应力变化可以引发或者减缓周边区域的地震发生,甚至在很远距离触发地震。计算地震断层发生位错时的静态库仑应力的变化已成为解释许多地震观测结果的强有力工具,这些观测结果包括余震分布、地震序列以及大地震... 详细信息

触发地震是指与地震相关的应力变化可以引发或者减缓周边区域的地震发生,甚至在很远距离触发地震。计算地震断层发生位错时的静态库仑应力的变化已成为解释许多地震观测结果的强有力工具,这些观测结果包括余震分布、地震序列以及大地震后静态情况下余震的正常活跃范围。我们可以用时间-应力转化机制的复杂性来解释为何地震的触发可以延迟数秒至数十年不等,这些机制包括粘性松弛、孔隙介质或者震后余滑,以及诸如通过速率和状态本构关系预测的断层摩擦力的降低。一次大范围地震的急速远距离触发(一些断层扩张速度达到每千米1000s)可由瞬时(动态)地震波的传播路径很好地解释,这些地震波可以瞬间产生库仑剪切破坏或者产生一个次生力从而导致地震的延迟触发。在近距离地震的触发中,地震波的传播路径可能同样占据着一个十分重要的地位。

关键词：库仑余震震群应力阴影粘弹性

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Optimizing bio-physical conditions and pre-treatment options for breaking lignin barrier of maize stover feed using white rot fungi

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Animal Nutrition 2016年第4期2卷 361-369页

作者： andrew m. Atuhaire Fred Kabi Samuel Okello Swidiq mugerwa Cyprian Ebong National Livestock Resources Research Institute Department of Livestock and Industrial Resources School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Bio-security (CoVAB) Makerere University Department of Agricultural Production School of Agricultural Sciences College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (CAES) Makerere University Animal Production Program Rwanda Agriculture Board (RAB)

The greatest limitation to utilization of maize stover by ruminants as a feed is the high concentration of lignin, which limits fibre digestibility. However, ruminants can effectively utilize maize stover if its nutritive value is improved using white rot fungal species. This study was designed to determine optimal biophysical conditions for mycelial growth and select the most ideal fungal species and pre-treatment options for improving nutritive value of maize stover. Four popular edible Pleurotus fungal species(*** florida,Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus sajor caju and Pleurotus pulmonarius) were subjected to varying temperatures, pH levels, hydrogen peroxide(H_2 O_2) concentration and illumination to establish the extent of mycelial growth *** of H_2 O_2 was used to determine optimal levels for preservation and prevention of contamination from other indigenous microbiota. Effects of pre-treatment options on chemical composition and nutritive value of maize stover were also examined. mycelial growth rate of Pleurotus species on potato dextrose agar(PDA) varied(P mperature, pH level and H_2 O_2 concentration following a quadratic trend. Optimal temperature, pH and H_2 O_2 concentration for mycelial growth on PDA were 25 ℃,5 and 0.01 mL/L, respectively. Under the different bio-physical conditions,P. sajor caju had the highest mycelia density and growth rate. Chemical composition of solid-state fermented maize stover differed(P mong the Pleurotus species. maize stover fermented with P. sajor caju had the highest crude protein(CP) of 86.6 g/kg Dm, in-vitro dry matter digestibility(IVDmD) of 731 g/kg Dm, in-vitro organic matter digestibility(IVOmD) of 670.4 g/kg Dm and metabolizable energy(mE) of10.0 mJ/kg Dm but with the lowest lignin(sa) of 50 g/kg Dm. At 25℃, P. sajor caju had the highest mycelial growth rate on PDA and highest lignin(sa) breakdown in the maize stover substrate. It was, therefore,selected as the most ideal

关键词： Crop residues Lactobacillus plantarum Lignin biodegradation mycelial growth

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Independent effects of diet and exercise training on fat oxidation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第27期8卷 1137-1148页

作者： Ilaria Croci Nuala m Byrne Veronique S Chachay andrew P Hills andrew D Clouston Trisha m O'moore-Sullivan Johannes B Prins Graeme A macdonald Ingrid J Hickman School of Human movement and Nutrition Sciences University of Queensland Translational Research Institute the University of Queensland Diamantina Institute Bond Institute of Health and Sport Bond University Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation Queensland University of Technology School of Health Sciences University of Tasmania mater Research Institute University of Queensland School of medi-cine the University of Queensland Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Princess Alexandra Hospital Translational Research Institute Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Princess Alexandra Hospital

AIm To investigate the independent effects of 6-mo of dietary energy restriction or exercise training on wholebody and hepatic fat oxidation of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).mETHODS Participants were randomised into either circuit exercise training(EX;n = 13;3 h/wk without changes in dietary habits),or dietary energy restriction(ER) without changes in structured physical activity(ER;n = 8).Respiratory quotient(RQ) and whole-body fat oxidation rates(Fatox) were determined by indirect calorimetry under basal,insulin-stimulated and exercise *** of disease and steatosis was determined by liver histology;hepatic Fatox was estimated from plasma β-hydroxybutyrate ***;cardiorespiratory fitness was expressed as VO2 ***-case analysis was performed(EX:n = 10;ER:n = 6).RESULTS Hepatic steatosis and NAFLD activity score decreased with ER but not with EX.β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations increased significantly in response to ER(0.08 ± 0.02 mmol/L vs 0.12 ± 0.04 mmol/L,P = 0.03) but remained unchanged in response to EX(0.10 ± 0.03 mmol/L vs 0.11 ± 0.07 mmol/L,P = 0.39).Basal RQ decreased(P = 0.05) in *** EX,while this change was not significant after ER(P = 0.38).VO_(2peak)(P maximal Fa_(tox) during aerobic exercise(P = 0.03) improved with EX but not with ER(P > 0.05).The increase in β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations was correlated with the reduction in hepatic steatosis(r =-0.56,P = 0.04).CONCLUSION ER and EX lead to specific benefits on fat metabolism of patients with *** hepatic Fat_(ox) in response to ER could be one mechanism through which the ER group achieved reduction in steatosis.

关键词： Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Steatosis Fat and carbohydrate oxidation Exercise Fitness Beta-hydroxybutyrate Ketone bodies Fatty acid oxidation

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Fix and replace:An emerging paradigm for treating acetabular fractures in older patients

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第3期8卷 218-220页

作者： Elizabeth K Tissingh Abigail Johnson Joseph m Queally andrew D Carrothers Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Addenbrooke’s and Rosie Hospitals

Acetabular fractures in older patients are challenging to *** "fix and replace" construct may present a new paradigm for the management of these *** present the current challenge of acetabular fractures in older *** present this in the context of the current *** invited editorial presents early results from our centre and the ongoing challenges are discussed.

关键词： Acetabular fracture Total hip arthroplasty Trauma

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CCR2 enhances CD25 expression by FoxP3^(+) regulatory T cells and regulates their abundance independently of chemotaxis and CCR2^(+) myeloid cells

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2020年第2期17卷 123-132页

作者： Yifan Zhan Nancy Wang Ajithkumar Vasanthakumar Yuxia Zhang michael Chopin Stephen L.Nutt Axel Kallies andrew m.Lew The Walter&Eliza Hall Institute of medical Research ParkvilleVIC 3052Australia Department of medical Biology University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia Guangzhou Institute of Paediatrics Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CentreGuangzhou Medical University510623 GuangzhouGuangdongChina Department of microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia

A wide array of chemokine receptors,including CCR2,are known to control Treg ***,we report that CCR2 regulates Tregs beyond *** found that CCR2 deficiency reduced CD25 expression by FoxP3^(+) Treg *** a change was also consistently present in irradiation chimeras reconstituted with mixed bone marrow from wild-type(WT)and CCR2−/−***,CCR2 deficiency resulted in profound loss of CD25 ^(hi) FoxP3^(+) Tregs in secondary lymphoid organs as well as in peripheral ***2−/−Treg cells were also functionally inferior to WT ***,these changes to Treg cells did not depend on CCR2+monocytes/moDCs(the cells where CCR2 receptors are most abundant).Rather,we demonstrated that CCR2 was required for TLR-stimulated,but not TCR-or IL-2-stimulated,CD25 upregulation on Treg ***,we propose that CCR2 signaling can increase the fitness of FoxP3^(+) Treg cells and provide negative feedback to counter the proinflammatory effects of CCR2 on myeloid cells.

关键词： CCR2 CD25 organs

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The Dynamics of the Nucleation, Growth and Termination of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes from in situ Raman Spectroscopy During Chemical Vapor Deposition

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Nano Research 2009年第10期2卷 783-792页

作者： Paul Finnie andrew Li-Pook-Than Jacques Lefebvre Institute for microstructural Sciences National Research Council CanadaBuilding M-501200 Montreal RoadOttawaONK1A 0R6Canada Department of Physics University of Ottawa150 Louis PasteurOttawaON K1N 6N5Canada

The dynamics of the chemical vapor deposition(CVD)of single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs)is extracted experimentally using in situ Raman *** are grown using a thinlm cobalt catalyst and an ethanol precursor in a miniature hot walled reactor with optical *** spectra at room temperature and at the growth temperature are compared for two growth *** evolution of the G-band,D-band,and radial breathing mode(RBm)is tracked at the growth temperature with time resolution of a few *** are three identifiable phases in the evolution of the Raman signal intensity:an initial exponential increasing phase,a linear growth phase,and a saturation *** situ optical spectroscopy thus enables the study of nucleation,steady growth,and deactivation processes to be investigated separately in real *** evolution curves for all bands(G,D,and RBm),when scaled,collapse onto the same curve,to within experimental uncertainty.

关键词： Single-walled carbon nanotube chemical vapor deposition Raman spectroscopy nucleation termination

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On the Laws of Large Numbers for Double Arrays of Independent Random Elements in Banach Spaces

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Acta mathematica Sinica,English Series 2014年第8期30卷 1353-1364页

作者： andrew ROSALSKY Le Van THANH Nguyen Thi THUY Department of Statistics University of FloridaGainesville Department of mathematics Vinh University

For a double array of independent random elements {Vmn,m ≥ 1,n ≥ 1} in a real separable Banach space,conditions are provided under which the weak and strong laws of large numbers for the double sums mi=1 nj=1Vij,m ≥ 1,n ≥ 1 are *** the identically distributed and the nonidentically distributed cases are *** the main theorems,no assumptions are made concerning the geometry of the underlying Banach *** theorems are applied to obtain Kolmogorov,Brunk–Chung,and marcinkiewicz–Zygmund type strong laws of large numbers for double sums in Rademacher type p（1 ≤ p ≤ 2） Banach spaces.

关键词： Real separable Banach space double array of independent random elements strong and weak laws of large numbers almost sure convergence convergence in probability Rademacher type p Banach space

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Keeping an ear out:size relationship of the tympanic bullae and pinnae in bandicoots and bilbies(marsupialia:Peramelemorphia)

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Current Zoology 2022年第3期68卷 251-264页

作者： melissa C.TAYLOR Kenny J.TRAVOUILLON margaret E.andrew Patricia A.FLEmING Natalie m.WARBURTON Terrestrial Ecosystem Science and Sustainability Harry Butler InstituteMurdoch University90 South StMurdochWA 6150Australia Collections and Research Western Australian MuseumWelshpoolWA 6106Australia

Bandicoots and bilbies(Order Peramelemorphia)occupy a broad range of habitats across Australia and New Guinea,from open,arid deserts to dense *** once diverse group has been particularly vulnerable to habitat loss and introduced eutherian predators,and numerous species extinctions and range retractions have *** reasons for this loss requires greater understanding of their *** of the pinnae and tympanic bullae varies markedly among *** hearing is important for both predator avoidance and prey location,the variability in ear morphology could reflect specialization and adaptation to specific environments,and therefore be of conservation *** measured 798 museum specimens representing 29 species of *** for phylogenetic relatedness and head length,pinna surface area was weakly negatively correlated with average precipitation(rainfall being our surrogate measure of vegetation productivity/complexity),and there were no environmental correlates with effective diameter(pinna width).Controlling for phylogenetic relatedness and skull length,tympanic bulla volume was negatively correlated with *** that inhabited drier habitats,which would be open and allow sound to carry further with less obstruction,had relatively larger pinnae and tympanic *** contrast,species from higher rainfall habitats,where sounds would be attenuated and diffused by dense vegetation,had the smallest pinnae and bullae,suggesting that low-frequency hearing is not as important in these *** with temperature did not reach statistical *** findings highlight linkages between hearing traits and habitat that can inform conservation and management strategies for threatened species.

关键词： external ear hearing ecology marsupial middle ear sound perception

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