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Dy.amics and mech.nisms of permeth.in resistance in a field population of th. h.rn fly. h.ematobia irritans irritans

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Insect Science 2009年第2期16卷 175-184页

作者： andrew y. li kimberly h. lohmeyer j. allen miller USDA ARS Knipling-Bushland US Livestock Insects Research Laboratory 2700 Fredericksburg Road Kerrville TX 78028 USA

A study.was conducted at th. Pressler ranch. near Kerrville, Texas, USA between 2002 and 2006 to determine th. dy.amics and mech.nisms of resistance to permeth.in in a field population of th. h.rn fly. h.ematobia irritans irritans （L.）. Ch.nges of resistance to py.eth.oid insecticide associated with.use of a pour-on formulation of cy.luth.in in 2002 and use of diazinon ear tags in subsequent y.ars were studied using a filter paper bioassay.tech.ique and a poly.erase ch.in reaction assay.th.t detects two sodium ch.nnel mutations, kdr and super-kdr resistance alleles. A maximum of 294-fold resistance to permeth.in was observed in th. summer of 2002. A significant decrease in th. resistance level was observed in spring 2003, and resistance continued to decline after animals were treated with.diazinon ear tags. In response to py.eth.oid treatments, th. allelic kdr and super-kdr frequency.increased from 56.3% to 93.8% and from 7.5% to 43.8%, respectively.in 2002, and decreased significantly.in 2003 wh.n th. py.eth.oid insecticide was no longer used to treat animals. Females were found to h.ve a h.gh.r allelic super-kdr frequency.th.n males in 2002, wh.le no difference was detected between males and females in th. allelic kdr frequency. Th.re was a significant positive correlation between frequencies of th. sodium ch.nnel mutations and levels ofpermeth.in resistance, suggesting th.t th. sodium ch.nnel mutations, kdr and super-kdr, are th. maj.r mech.nisms of resistance to py.eth.oids in th.s h.rn fly.population. Results of sy.ergist bioassay. also indicated possible contributions of two metabolic detoxification mech.nisms, th. mixed function oxidases （MFO） and glutath.one S-trans- ferases （GST）. Compared to a h.rn fly.infestation of an untreated h.rd, treatments with.th. py.eth.oid pour-on formulation failed to control h.rn flies at th. Pressler ranch.in 2002. Sustained control of h.rn flies was ach.eved with.th. use of diazinon ear tags in 2003 and subsequent y.ars.

关键词： efficacy h.rn fly insecticide resistance PCR permeth.in py.eth.oids

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