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Editorial for Multiscale&Multifield Coupling in Geomechanics

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第6期16卷 1919-1921页

作者： Min Wang Pengzhi Pan andrew H.C.Chan Y.t.Feng t-3 Fluid Dynamics and Solid Mechanics Theoretical DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryNew MexicoUSA Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina School of Engineering University of TasmaniaTasmaniaAustralia College of Engineering Swansea UniversityWalesUK

We are delighted to serve as guest editors for this special issue in the Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical *** purpose of this special issue is dedicated to gathering the latest research work on Multiscale&Multifield Coupling in Geomechanics,where we delve into the intricate interplay of various fields and scales that govern the behavior of *** total,30 manuscripts from USA,China,UK,Germany,Canada,India and United Arab Emirates are selected to be included in this issue.

关键词： materials. gathering mechanics

Hf元素添加对CuZr基非晶合金动态弛豫的影响

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力学学报 2024年第8期56卷 2282-2293页

作者：朱凡邢光辉 Jean-Marc pelletier 乔吉超西北工业大学力学与土木建筑学院西安710072 东莞市三航军民融合创新研究院广东东莞523808 INSA-Lyon MATEIS UMR5510F-69621 VilleurbanneFrance

考虑到非晶合金具有独特的无序微观结构,其表现出极为复杂的弛豫动力学特性.动态弛豫行为在非晶合金中普遍存在,深刻理解其机制对于解构非晶合金固有的非均匀微观结构至关重要.少量元素的添加是调控非晶合金微观结构有效手段之一.本研... 详细信息

考虑到非晶合金具有独特的无序微观结构,其表现出极为复杂的弛豫动力学特性.动态弛豫行为在非晶合金中普遍存在,深刻理解其机制对于解构非晶合金固有的非均匀微观结构至关重要.少量元素的添加是调控非晶合金微观结构有效手段之一.本研究以玻璃形成能力良好的Cu_(46)Zr_(47-x)Hf_(x)Al_(7)(x=0,8)非晶合金为模型合金,运用动态力学分析方法研究复模量随频率和温度的变化,进而探究Hf元素取代Zr元素对动态弛豫的影响.在动态力学频率谱中,借助准点缺陷理论阐明非晶合金在玻璃转变温度t_(g)以下处于等构型状态,准点缺陷浓度保持恒定;而在t_(g)以上,准点缺陷浓度随温度的上升呈线性增加.Hf元素的添加会降低玻璃体系等构型状态下的准点缺陷浓度,并抑制原子迁移能力.通过获取连续和离散的弛豫时间分布,直观展示了非晶合金的动力学非均匀性特征.在动态力学温度谱中,Hf元素的引入增加了玻璃体系的混合焓,抑制了β弛豫强度.进一步从内耗角度表明,Hf元素的引入不仅提高了与β弛豫相关的基本结构单元的激活难度,还增加了整个β弛豫过程的激活能.

关键词：非晶合金动态弛豫微合金化准点缺陷微观结构非均匀性

Remodeling tumor Immune Microenvironment by Using Polymer-Lipid-Manganese Dioxide Nanoparticles with Radiation therapy to Boost Immune Response of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

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Research 2024年第3期2023卷 83-96页

作者： Abdulmottaleb E.Zetrini HoYin Lip Azhar Z.Abbasi Ibrahim Alradwan taksim Ahmed Chunsheng He Jeffrey t.Henderson andrew M.Rauth Xiao Yu Wu Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory Leslie Dan Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of TorontoM5S 3M2TorontoONCanada. Departments of Medical Biophysics and Radiation Oncology University of TorontoM5G 1L7TorontoONCanada.

Despite substantial progress in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), including radiation therapy and immunotherapy alone or in combination, the response to treatment remains poor due to the hypoxic and immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment. Herein, we exploited the bioreactivity of novel polymer–lipid manganese dioxide nanoparticles (PLMDs) to remodel the tumor immune microenvironment (tIME) by increasing the local oxygen levels and extracellular pH and enhancing radiation-induced immunogenic cell death. this study demonstrated that PLMD treatment sensitized hypoxic human and murine CRPC cells to radiation, significantly increasing radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks and ultimately cell death, which enhanced the secretion of damage-associated molecular patterns, attributable to the induction of autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Reoxygenation via PLMDs also polarized hypoxic murine RAW264.7 macrophages toward the M1 phenotype, enhancing tumor necrosis factor alpha release, and thus reducing the viability of murine CRPC tRAMP-C2 cells. In a syngeneic tRAMP-C2 tumor model, intravenous injection of PLMDs suppressed, while radiation alone enhanced recruitment of regulatory t cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Pretreatment with PLMDs followed by radiation down-regulated programmed death-ligand 1 and promoted the infiltration of antitumor CD8+ t cells and M1 macrophages to tumor sites. taken together, tIME modulation by PLMDs plus radiation profoundly delayed tumor growth and prolonged median survival compared with radiation alone. these results suggest that PLMDs plus radiation is a promising treatment modality for improving therapeutic efficacy in radioresistant and immunosuppressive solid tumors.

关键词： RAW264.7 alone treatment

Customized scaffolds for large bone defects using 3D‑printed modular blocks from 2D‑medical images

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第1期7卷 74-87页

作者： Anil AAcar Evangelos Daskalakis Paulo Bartolo andrew Weightman Glen Cooper Gordon Blunn Bahattin Koc Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Sabanci UniversityIstanbul 34956Türkiye D Bioprinting Laboratory Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application CenterIstanbul 34956Türkiye School of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringManchester Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Singapore Centre for 3D Printing School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences University of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO12UPUK

Additive manufacturing(AM)has revolutionized the design and manufacturing of patient-specific,three-dimensional(3D),complex porous structures known as scaffolds for tissue engineering *** use of advanced image acquisition techniques,image processing,and computer-aided design methods has enabled the precise design and additive manufacturing of anatomically correct and patient-specific implants and ***,these sophisticated techniques can be timeconsuming,labor-intensive,and ***,the necessary imaging and manufacturing equipment may not be readily available when urgent treatment is needed for trauma *** this study,a novel design and AM methods are proposed for the development of modular and customizable scaffold blocks that can be adapted to fit the bone defect area of a *** modular scaffold blocks can be combined to quickly form any patient-specific scaffold directly from two-dimensional(2D)medical images when the surgeon lacks access to a 3D printer or cannot wait for lengthy 3D imaging,modeling,and 3D printing during *** proposed method begins with developing a bone surface-modeling algorithm that reconstructs a model of the patient’s bone from 2D medical image measurements without the need for expensive 3D medical imaging or *** algorithm can generate both patient-specific and average bone ***,a biomimetic continuous path planning method is developed for the additive manufacturing of scaffolds,allowing porous scaffold blocks with the desired biomechanical properties to be manufactured directly from 2D data or *** algorithms are implemented,and the designed scaffold blocks are 3D printed using an extrusion-based AM *** and instructions are also provided to assist surgeons in assembling scaffold blocks for the self-repair of patient-specific large bone defects.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Modular scaffolds Large bone defect Customized scaffold design Patient-specific scaffolds

Simulation of the SMILE Soft X-ray Imager response to a southward interplanetary magnetic field turning

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 39-46页

作者： Andrey Samsonov Graziella Branduardi-Raymont Steven Sembay andrew Read David Sibeck Lutz Rastaetter Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College LondonDorking RH56NTUK Leicester University Leicester LE17RHUK Goddard Space Flight Center National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationGreenbeltMD 20771USA

the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)will shine a spotlight on magnetopause dynamics during magnetic *** simulate an event with a southward interplanetary magnetic field turning and produce SXI count maps with a 5-minute integration *** making assumptions about the magnetopause shape,we find the magnetopause standoff distance from the count maps and compare it with the one obtained directly from the magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)*** root mean square deviations between the reconstructed and MHD standoff distances do not exceed 0.2 RE(Earth radius)and the maximal difference equals 0.24 RE during the 25-minute interval around the southward turning.

关键词： magnetopause magnetic reconnection solar wind charge exchange southward interplanetary magnetic field numerical modeling Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE) Soft X-ray Imager

Aboveground carbon sequestration of Cunninghamia lanceolata forests:Magnitude and drivers

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 32-41页

作者： Chen Wang Shuguang Liu Yu Zhu andrew R.Smith Ying Ning Deming Deng National Engineering Laboratory for Applied technology of Forestry&Ecology in South China Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China technology Innovation Center for Ecological Conservation and Restoration in Dongting Lake Basin Ministry of Natural ResourcesChangsha 410007China College of Life Science and technology Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China School of Ecology and Environment Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityGwyneddLL572UWUK College of Forestry Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China Hunan Prospecting Designing&Research General Institute for Agriculture Forestry&IndustryChangsha 410007China

Understanding the spatial variation,temporal changes,and their underlying driving forces of carbon sequestration in various forests is of great importance for understanding the carbon cycle and carbon management *** carbon density and sequestration in various Cunninghamia lanceolata forests,extensively cultivated for timber production in subtropical China,vary with biodiversity,forest structure,environment,and cultural factors remain poorly explored,presenting a critical knowledge gap for realizing carbon sequestration supply potential through *** on a large-scale database of 449 permanent forest inventory plots,we quantified the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of aboveground carbon densities and carbon accumulation rates in Cunninghamia lanceolate forests in Hunan Province,China,and attributed the contributions of stand structure,environmental,and management factors to the heterogeneity using quantile age-sequence analysis,partial least squares path modeling(PLS-PM),and hot-spot *** results showed lower values of carbon density and sequestration on average,in comparison with other forests in the same climate zone(i.e.,subtropics),with pronounced spatial and temporal ***,quantile regression analysis using carbon accumulation rates along an age sequence showed large differences in carbon sequestration rates among underperformed and outperformed forests(0.50 and 1.80 Mg·ha^(-1)·yr^(-1)).PLS-PM demonstrated that maximum DBH and stand density were the main crucial drivers of aboveground carbon density from young to mature ***,species diversity and geotopographic factors were the significant factors causing the large discrepancy in aboveground carbon density change between low-and high-carbon-bearing *** analysis revealed the importance of culture attributes in shaping the geospatial patterns of carbon *** work highlighted that retaining largesized DBH trees and increasing shade-t

关键词： Carbon density Carbon accumulation rate Forest age Spatial variation Cultural influence

C19MC miRNA-520G induces SP100 antiviral gene transcription and inhibits melanin production in skin cutaneous melanoma

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 60-63页

作者： Goodwin G.Jinesh Marian t.Smallin Nino Mtchedlidze Isha Godwin Marco Napoli Nicole Hackel Manali S.Phadke Avani A.Deshpande Xiaobo Li John H.Lockhart Jaden R.Baldwin Suehelay Acevedo-Acevedo Yifeng Gao Michelle A.Reiser Keiran S.M.Smalley Elsa R.Flores andrew S.Brohl Department of Molecular Oncology H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center&Research InstituteTampaFL 33612USA Molecular Medicine Program H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center&Research InstituteTampaFL 33612USA Saveetha Medical College ChennaiTamil Nadu 602105India tumor Biology Department H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center&Research InstituteTampaFL 33612USA Sarcoma Department H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center&Research InstituteTampaFL 33612USA

SP100 is an antiviral protein that restricts the productive stage of human papillomavirus(HPV)and multiple other viruses,and viruses in turn block sUMO-1-mediated stabilization of SP100 and promotes its degradation(table S1).Interferon(IFN)signaling could still produce more SP100 through transcription to counteract viruses.1 Viruses also disable the transcriptional up-regulation of SP100 to achieve persistent infection in hosts.

关键词： SP100 melanoma stabilization