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Soluble epoxide hydrolase:a next-generation drug target for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第09期 2585-2586页

作者： andrew Gregory Chengyun Tang Fan Fan Department of Physiology Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta University

Alzheimer's disease(AD) and Alzheimer's diseaserelated dementias(ADRD) represent a significant public health challenge,with projections indicating a substantial increase in affected individuals due to the aging global *** the World Health Organization,AD/ADRD has affected more than 55 million individuals worldwide,with an additional 10 million cases diagnosed each year.

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A state-of-the-art review on delayed expansion of cemented paste backfill materials

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3475-3500页

作者： Meng-Yuan Li Li-Jie Guo Yue Zhao Lei Zhang Kai Yang Xiao-Peng Peng andrew Pan BGRIMM Technology Group Beijing 100160China National Centre for International Research On Green Metal Mining Beijing102628China Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 1A4Canada

Utilizing delayed expansion cemented paste backfill materials(DECPB) in mine backfill operations offers an effective solution to the challenge of achieving proper contact between the in-situ cemented backfill mass and the roof in mined-out areas(backfill-roof contact).This article presents recent progress in both theoretical and experimental research concerning *** types and mechanisms of expansive additives,including expansive agents,foaming agents,and expansive mineral materials relevant to DECPB,are explained,along with their impact on the expansive properties and mechanical characteristics of *** composition,material characteristics,preparation methods,and controlled release mechanisms of microcapsules are *** methods for measuring the volume change rate of paste backfill slurries are *** indicates that an appropriate content of expansive additives not only enhances the expansive properties of cemented paste backfill materials but also contributes to improving their mechanical *** foaming agents and bentonite are found to be more suitable for preparing DECPB compared to expansive *** delayed expansion of cemented paste backfill material is influenced by microcapsules,with their wall materials,preparation parameters,and the alkaline slurry environment affecting their controlled release *** and optimizing precise measurement devices and methods forfor the volume change rate of cemented paste backfill materials is essential requirement for studying the performance of *** delayed expansion technology with retarding techniques in cemented paste backfill materials can provide a reliable solution for achieving proper backfill-roof contact in the future.

关键词： Paste backfill Delayed expansion Mining with backfill Expansive additives Tailings

Prevalence of visual impairment and estimation of refractive errors among school children in Kakamega,Kenya

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第5期17卷 932-939页

作者： Isabel Signes-Soler Alfred Ragot Sheilah Nangena andrew Wekesa Raúl Montalbán Llamusí Department of Optics and Optometry and Vision Sciences Universidat de ValènciaBurjassotValencia 46010Spain NGO Vision Without Borders(Visio Sense Fronteres VSF)Calpe 03710AlicanteSpain Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology P.O Box 190-50100KakamegaKenya Clinica Baviera Alicante C/Ausóy Monzó 16Alicante 03006Spain

AIM:To investigate the prevalence of visual impairment(VI)and provide an estimation of uncorrected refractive errors in school-aged children,conducted by optometry students as a community ***:The study was *** 3343 participants were included in the *** initial examination involved assessing the uncorrected distance visual acuity(UDVA)and visual acuity(VA)while using a+2.00 D *** inclusion criteria for a subsequent comprehensive cycloplegic eye examination,performed by an optometrist,were as follows:a UDVA<0.6 decimal(0.20 logMAR)and/or a VA with+2.00 D≥0.8 decimal(0.96 logMAR).RESULTS:The sample had a mean age of 10.92±2.13y(range 4 to 17y),and 51.3%of the children were female(n=1715).The majority of the children(89.7%)fell within the age range of 8 to *** the ethnic groups,the highest representation was from the Luhya group(60.6%)followed by Luo(20.4%).Mean logMAR UDVA choosing the best eye for each student was 0.29±0.17(range 1.70 to 0.22).Out of the total,246 participants(7.4%)had a full eye *** estimated prevalence of myopia(defined as spherical equivalent≤-0.5 D)was found to be 1.45%of the total *** around 0.18%of the total sample had hyperopia value exceeding+1.75 *** astigmatism(cil<-0.75 D)was found in 0.21%(7/3343)of the *** VI prevalence was 1.26%of the total *** our cases of VI,76.2%could be attributed to uncorrected refractive *** was detected in 0.66%(22/3343)of the screened *** was no statistically significant correlation observed between age or gender and refractive ***:The primary cause of VI is determined to be uncorrected refractive errors,with myopia being the most prevalent refractive error *** findings underscore the significance of early identification and correction of refractive errors in school-aged children as a means to alleviate the impact of VI.

关键词： visual impairment refractive errors myopia amblyopia sustainable development goals

Guest Editorial:Special issue on advances in representation learning for computer vision

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第1期9卷 1-3页

作者： andrew Beng Jin Teoh Thian Song Ong Kian Ming Lim Chin Poo Lee Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department Yonsei UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Faculty of Information Science and Technology Multimedia UniversityMelakaMalaysia

Deep learning has been a catalyst for a transformative revo-lution in machine learning and computer vision in the past *** these research domains,methods grounded in deep learning have exhibited exceptional performance across a spectrum of *** success of deep learning methods can be attributed to their capability to derive potent representations from data,integral for a myriad of downstream *** representations encapsulate the intrinsic structure,fea-tures,or latent variables characterising the underlying statistics of visual *** these achievements,the challenge per-sists in effectively conducting representation learning of visual data with deep models,particularly when confronted with vast and noisy *** special issue is a dedicated platform for researchers worldwide to disseminate their latest,high-quality articles,aiming to enhance readers'comprehension of the principles,limitations,and diverse applications of repre-sentation learning in computer vision.

关键词： spite computer representation

Spreadability of powders for additive manufacturing: A critical review of metrics and characterisation methods

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PARTICUOLOGY 2024年第10期93卷 211-234页

作者： Talebi, Fatemeh A. Haydari, Zobaideh Salehi, Hamid Mehrabi, Mozhdeh Gardy, Jabbar Bradley, Mike Bayly, andrew E. Hassanpour, Ali Univ Leeds Sch Chem & Proc Engn Leeds LS2 9JT England Univ Greenwich Sch Engn Greenwich ME4 4TB England Cormica Ltd Listerhills Sci PkCampus Rd Bradford BD7 1HR England

Powder bed fusion methods of additive manufacturing (AM) require consistent, reproducible, and uniform layers of powder for the reliable production of high-quality parts, where properties of powder are central to achieving this. Among these properties, powder flowability and spreadability play critical roles in determining the quality of these powder layers. While extensive research has been conducted on powder flow and spreading behaviour, and on their characterisation, there is little critical comparison and review of these terms in the context of AM. Such a review is necessary to further develop and enhance our comprehension of spreading dynamics and its relation to powder properties in AM systems. This review paper aims to build a coherent understanding of the correlation between powder characteristics and spreading in powder based additive manufacturing and its impact on manufactured parts. It highlights the current progress in comprehending spreading dynamics, the influence of powder characteristics, environmental conditions, spreading system, and the development of testing tools to assess powder spreadability. Furthermore, the paper critically discusses the challenge of finding appropriate quantitative metrics and recent advances in the use of standardised methods for evaluating powder spreadability. (c) 2024 Chinese Society of Particuology and Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http:// ***/licenses/by/4.0/).

关键词： Powder spreading Powder flowability Powder properties Quality of layer and final products DISCRETE ELEMENT SIMULATION PARTICLE-SIZE DISTRIBUTION SPREADING PROCESS FLOW PROPERTIES NUMERICAL-SIMULATION DENSITY BULK FLOWABILITY SEGREGATION BEHAVIOR

Etiology and management of urethral calculi:A systematic review of contemporary series

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 10-18页

作者： andrew Morton Arsalan Tariq Nigel Dunglison Rachel Esler Matthew J.Roberts Faculty of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Urology Ipswich HospitalQueenslandAustralia Department of Urology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalQueenslandAustralia The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research HerstonAustralia

Objective:To conduct a systematic literature review on urethral calculi in a contemporary cohort describing etiology,investigation,and management ***:A systematic search of MEDLINE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL)databases was ***,including case reports and case series on urethral calculi published between January 2000 and December 2019,were ***-text manuscripts were reviewed for clinical parameters including symptomatology,etiology,medical history,investigations,treatment,and *** were collated and analyzed with univariate ***:Seventy-four publications met inclusion criteria,reporting on 95 *** symptoms(41.1%),pain(40.0%),and acute urinary retention(32.6%)were common presenting *** calculi were most often initially investigated using plain X-ray(63.2%),with almost all radio-opaque(98.3%).Urethral calculi were frequently associated with coexistent bladder or upper urinary tract calculi(16.8%)and underlying urethral pathology(53.7%)including diverticulum(33.7%)or stricture(13.7%).Urethral calculi were most commonly managed with external urethrolithotomy(31.6%),retrograde manipulation(22.1%),and endoscopic in situ lithotripsy(17.9%).Conclusion:This unique systematic review of urethral calculi provided a summary of clinical features and treatment trends with a suggested treatment *** in contemporary urological practice should be according to calculus size,shape,anatomical location,and presence of urethral pathology.

关键词： Urinary calculi Urethra Urethral calculi Management algorithm

EventLFM:event camera integrated Fourier light field microscopy for ultrafast 3D imaging

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1401-1415页

作者： Ruipeng Guo Qianwan Yang andrew S.Chang Guorong Hu Joseph Greene Christopher V.Gabel Sixian You Lei Tian Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Physiology and Biophysics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA. Neurophotonics Center Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA. Research Laboratory of Electronics(RLE)in the Department of Electrical Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA. Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA

Ultrafast 3D imaging is indispensable for visualizing complex and dynamic biological *** scanning-based techniques necessitate an inherent trade-off between acquisition speed and space-bandwidth product(SBP).Emerging single-shot 3D wide-field techniques offer a promising alternative but are bottlenecked by the synchronous readout constraints of conventional CMOS systems,thus restricting data throughput to maintain high SBP at limited frame *** address this,we introduce EventLFM,a straightforward and cost-effective system that overcomes these challenges by integrating an event camera with Fourier light field microscopy(LFM),a state-of-theart single-shot 3D wide-field imaging *** event camera operates on a novel asynchronous readout architecture,thereby bypassing the frame rate limitations inherent to conventional CMOS *** further develop a simple and robust event-driven LFM reconstruction algorithm that can reliably reconstruct 3D dynamics from the unique spatiotemporal measurements captured by *** results demonstrate that EventLFM can robustly reconstruct fast-moving and rapidly blinking 3D fluorescent samples at kHz frame ***,we highlight EventLFM’s capability for imaging of blinking neuronal signals in scattering mouse brain tissues and 3D tracking of GFP-labeled neurons in freely moving *** believe that the combined ultrafast speed and large 3D SBP offered by EventLFM may open up new possibilities across many biomedical applications.

关键词： field linking overcome

Detection of Gravitational Waves with Semi Classical Features and Resulting Cosmological Implications

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2024年第1期10卷 454-467页

作者： andrew Walcott Beckwith Physics Department College of Physics Chongqing University Chongqing China

The author argues in this document that initial vacuum state values possibly responsible for GW generation in relic conditions in the initial onset of inflation may have a temporary unsqueezed, possibly even coherent initial value, which would permit in certain models classical coherent initial gravitational wave states. Furthermore, several arguments pro and con as to if or not initial relic GW should be high frequency will be presented, with the reason given why earlier string models did NOT favor low frequency relic GW from the big bang. What is observed is that large higher dimensions above our 4 Dimensional space time, if recipients of matter-energy from collapse and re birth of the universe are enough to insure low relic GW. The existence of higher dimensions, in itself if the additional dimensions are small and compact will have no capacity to lower the frequency limit values of relic GW, as predicted by Giovannini, et al. in 1995.

关键词： Graviton DM Squeezed States Coherent States High Frequency Gravity Waves

The use of oral human immunodeficiency virus pre-exposure prophylaxis in pregnant and lactating women in sub-Saharan Africa:considerations,barriers,and recommendations

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Global Health Journal 2024年第2期8卷 41-45页

作者： Enos Moyo Grant Murewanhema Perseverance Moyo Tafadzwa Dzinamarira andrew Ross School of Nursing&Public Health College of Health SciencesUniversity of Kwa-Zulu NatalDurbanSouth Africa Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of ZimbabweHarareZimbabwe Medical Centre Oshakati OshakatiNamibia School of Health Systems and Public Health University of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa

In sub-Saharan Africa(SSA),63%of new human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infections in 2021 were among women,particularly adolescent girls,and young *** is a high incidence of HIV among pregnant and lactating women(PLW)in *** is estimated that the risk of HIV-acquisition during pregnancy and the postpartum period more than *** this article,we discuss the safety and effectiveness of drugs used for oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis(PrEP),considerations for initiating PrEP in PLW,the barriers to initiating and adhering to PrEP among them and suggest recommendations to address these ***/emtricitabine,the most widely used combination in SSA,is safe,clinically effective,and cost-effective among *** PLW who requests PrEP and has no medical contraindications should receive *** users who are pregnant or lactating may experience barriers to starting and adhering for a variety of reasons,including personal,pill-related,and healthcare facility-related *** address the barriers,we recommend an increased provision of information on PrEP to the women and the communities,increasing and/or facilitating access to PrEP among the PLW,and developing strategies to increase adherence.

关键词： Pre-exposure prophylaxis Pregnancy Lactation Safety Barriers Recommendations