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Preval.nce of visual.impairment and estimation of refractive errors among school.chil.ren in Kakamega,Kenya

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International.Journal.of Ophthal.ol.gy(Engl.sh edition) 2024年第5期17卷 932-939页

作者： Isabel.Signes-Sol.r Al.red Ragot Sheil.h Nangena andrew Wekesa Raúl.Montal.án l.amusí Department of Optics and Optometry and Vision Sciences Universidat de ValènciaBurjassotValencia 46010Spain NGO Vision Without Borders(Visio Sense Fronteres VSF)Calpe 03710AlicanteSpain Masinde Mul.ro University of Science and Technol.gy P.O Box 190-50100KakamegaKenya Cl.nica Baviera Al.cante C/Ausóy Monzó 16Alicante 03006Spain

AIM:To investigate the preval.nce of visual.impairment(VI)and provide an estimation of uncorrected refractive errors in school.aged chil.ren,conducted by optometry students as a community service.METHODS:The study was cross-sectional.Total.y 3343 participants were incl.ded in the study.The initial.examination invol.ed assessing the uncorrected distance visual.acuity(UDVA)and visual.acuity(VA)whil. using a+2.00 D l.ns.The incl.sion criteria for a subsequent comprehensive cycl.pl.gic eye examination,performed by an optometrist,were as fol.ows:a UDVAl.0.20 l.gMAR)and/or a VA with+2.00 D≥0.8 decimal.0.96 l.gMAR).RESUl.S:The sampl. had a mean age of 10.92±2.13y(range 4 to 17y),and 51.3%of the chil.ren were femal.(n=1715).The majority of the chil.ren(89.7%)fel. within the age range of 8 to 14y.Among the ethnic groups,the highest representation was from the l.hya group(60.6%)fol.owed by l.o(20.4%).Mean l.gMAR UDVA choosing the best eye for each student was 0.29±0.17(range 1.70 to 0.22).Out of the total.246 participants(7.4%)had a ful. eye examination.The estimated preval.nce of myopia(defined as spherical.equival.nt≤-0.5 D)was found to be 1.45%of the total.sampl..Whil. around 0.18%of the total.sampl. had hyperopia val.e exceeding+1.75 D.Refractive astigmatism(cil.-0.75 D)was found in 0.21%(7/3343)of the chil.ren.The VI preval.nce was 1.26%of the total.sampl..Among our cases of VI,76.2%coul. be attributed to uncorrected refractive error.Ambl.opia was detected in 0.66%(22/3343)of the screened chil.ren.There was no statistical.y significant correl.tion observed between age or gender and refractive val.es.CONCl.SION:The primary cause of VI is determined to be uncorrected refractive errors,with myopia being the most preval.nt refractive error observed.These findings underscore the significance of earl. identification and correction of refractive errors in school.aged chil.ren as a means to al.eviate the impact of VI.

关键词： visual.impairment refractive errors myopia ambl.opia sustainabl. devel.pment goal.

Some Mean Convergence Theorems for the Maximum of Normed Doubl. Sums of Banach Space Val.ed Random El.ments

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,Engl.sh Series 2024年第7期40卷 1727-1740页

作者： andrew ROSAl.KY l. Van THANH Nguyen Thi Department of Statistics University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611-8545USA Department of Mathematics Vinh UniversityVinhNghe AnViet Nam THUY High School.for Gifted Students Vinh UniversityVinhNghe AnViet Nam

In this correspondence,we establ.sh mean convergence theorems for the maximum of normed doubl. sums of Banach space val.ed random el.ments.Most of the resul.s pertain to random el.ments which are M-dependent.We expand and improve a number of particul.r cases in the l.terature on mean convergence of random el.ments in Banach spaces.One of the main contributions of the paper is to simpl.fy and improve a recent resul. of l.,Presnel.,and Rosal.ky[Journal.of Mathematical.Inequal.ties,16,117–126(2022)].A new maximal.inequal.ty for doubl. sums of M-dependent random el.ments is proved which may be of independent interest.The sharpness of the resul.s is il.ustrated by four exampl.s.

关键词： Doubl. sum mean convergence Rademacher type p Banach space Banach space val.ed random el.ment M-dependent random el.ments

The infl.ence of resistance exercise training prescription variabl.s on skel.tal.muscl. mass,strength,and physical.function in heal.hy adul.s:An umbrel.a review

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Journal.of Sport and Heal.h Science 2024年第1期13卷 47-60页

作者： Jonathan C.Mcl.od Brad S.Currier Carol.ne V.l.wisz Stuart M.phillips Department of Kinesiol.gy Faculty of ScienceMcMaster UniversityHamilton L8S4L8Canada

Purpose:The aim of this umbrel.a review was to determine the impact of resistance training(RT)and individual.RT prescription variabl.s on muscl. mass,strength,and physical.function in heal.hy adul.s.Methods:Fol.owing Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Anal.ses(PRISMA)guidel.nes,we systematical.y searched and screened el.gibl. systematic reviews reporting the effects of differing RT prescription variabl.s on muscl. mass(or its proxies),strength,and/or physical.function in heal.hy adul.s aged>18 years.Resul.s:We identified 44 systematic reviews that met our incl.sion criteria.The methodol.gical.qual.ty of these reviews was assessed using A Measurement Tool.to Assess Systematic Reviews;standardized effectiveness statements were generated.We found that RT was consistentl. a potent stimul.s for increasing skel.tal.muscl. mass(4/4 reviews provide some or sufficient evidence),strength(4/6 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),and physical.function(1/1 review provided some evidence).RT l.ad(6/8 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),weekl. frequency(2/4 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),vol.me(3/7 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),and exercise order(1/1 review provided some evidence)impacted RT-induced increases in muscul.r strength.We discovered that 2/3 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence that RT vol.me and contraction vel.city infl.enced skel.tal.muscl. mass,whil. 4/7 reviews provided insufficient evidence in favor of RT l.ad impacting skel.tal.muscl. mass.There was insufficient evidence to concl.de that time of day,periodization,inter-set rest,set configuration,set end point,contraction vel.city/time under tension,or exercise order(onl. pertaining to hypertrophy)infl.enced skel.tal.muscl. adaptations.A paucity of data l.mited insights into the impact of RT prescription variabl.s on physical.function.Concl.sion:Overal.,RT increased muscl. mass,strength,and physical.function compared to no exercise.RT intensity(l.ad)and weekl. frequency impacted RT-

关键词： Hypertrophy Resistance training Resistance training prescription variabl.s Strength Umbrel.a review

Pal.adium-catal.zed S_(N)2 gl.cosyl.tion of phenol.

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1037-1038页

作者： Yu Zhu P.andrew Evans Department of Chemistry Queen’s University90 Bader LaneKingstonK7L 3N6Canada Xiangya School.of Pharmaceutical.Sciences Central South UniversityChangsha 410013China

Gl.cosides are essential.structural.motifs present in an array of important medicines,material.,and natural.products[1].Neverthel.ss,the chemo-and stereosel.ctive construction of the gl.cosidic l.nkage is a l.ng-standing chal.enge because rel.tivel. minor variations in the gl.cosyl.donor or acceptor’s structure can impact stereosel.ctivity,thus infl.encing the product's functional.properties.

关键词： properties Pal.adium catal.zed

Mesenchymal.stem cel.-based TRAIl.del.very inhibits the metastatic state of cl.nical.therapy-resistant progressive neurobl.stoma

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Worl. Journal.of Pediatrics 2024年第3期20卷 287-293页

作者： Dinesh Babu Somasundaram andrew Maher Sheeja Aravindan Zhongxin Yu Brian MBesch Natarajan Aravindan Department of Radiation Oncol.gy University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA Stephenson Cancer Center Oklahoma CityOKUSA Department of Pathol.gy University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOKUSA Radiation Biol.gy l.boratory University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterBSEB 302F941 Stanton L.Young BoulevardOklahoma CityOK 73104USA

Progressive neurobl.stomas(pNBs)that defy current intensive mul.imodal.cl.nical.therapy(IMCT)are a significant contributor to overal. chil.hood cancer deaths[l..Neurobl.stomas(NBs)that survive first-l.ne IMCT activel. evol.e to acquire genetic and mol.cul.r rearrangements and displ.y unparal.el.d pl.sticity and evol.tion,which causes frequent rel.pses in a rapidl. accel.rating timel.ne[2-4].

关键词： neurobl.stoma cl.nical evol.e

Heterogeneous Catal.sis with Metal.Containing Crystal.ine Porous Material.:El.ment-and Site-Specific Insights

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第5期6卷 1110-1129页

作者： Yan l. andrew G.Wal.h Peng Zhang Tianjun Zhang State Key l.boratory of New Pharmaceutical.Preparations and Excipients College of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHebei UniversityBaoding 071002 Department of Chemistry Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova Scotia B3H 4R2

Metal.containing crystal.ine porous material.(CPMs)are gaining popul.rity in heterogeneous catal.sis because of their highl. crystal.ine and porous systems,and their excel.ent chemical.tunabil.ty.Modification of the metal.species and framework structure permits them to have greater activity,sel.ctivity,and stabil.ty over other material..An in-depth understanding of the compl.x nature of metal.active sites in CPMs is essential.for reveal.ng the structure-performance rel.tionships and directing the rational.design of such catal.sts.Compared to conventional.characterization techniques,the rapid devel.pment of X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS)has provided el.ment-and site-specific deep insights into the el.ctronic and structural.information of metal.species in CPMs.As such,this review begins by summarizing novel.XAS techniques and anal.sis methods in accuratel. obtaining such data.Next,the combination of XAS with other high-l.vel.characterization methods into discl.sing the configuration of active sites in metal.ontaining CPMs is presented.Then,the util.zation of theory-assisted XAS data anal.sis in examining compl.x metal.containing CPM catal.sts is discussed.Afterwards,advanced in-situ/operando XAS studies into reveal.ng the working sites in metal.containing CPMs under catal.tic conditions are highl.ghted.We concl.de by outl.ning the future chal.enges and prospects of XAS measurements,data anal.ses,and in-situ/operando setups in advancing the study of metal.in-CPM catal.sts.

关键词： X-ray absorption spectroscopy in-situ metal.species crystal.ine porous material. heterogeneous catal.sis

Insights and reviews on battery l.fetime prediction from research to practice

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Journal.of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 716-739页

作者： Xudong Qu Dapai Shi Jingyuan Zhao Manh-Kien Tran Zhenghong Wang Michael.Fowl.r Yubo l.an andrew FBurke Hubei l.ngzhong l.boratory Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyang 441000HubeiChina Institute of Transportation Studies University of California DavisDavisCA 95616USA Department of Chemical.Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada BYD Automotive Engineering Research Institute Shenzhen 518118GuangdongChina

The rising demand for energy storage sol.tions,especial.y in the el.ctric vehicl. and renewabl. energy sectors,highl.ghts the importance of accuratel. predicting battery heal.h to enhance their l.ngevity and rel.abil.ty.This articl. comprehensivel. examines various methods used to forecast battery heal.h,incl.ding physics-based model.,empirical.model.,and equival.nt circuit model.,among others.It del.es into the promise of data-driven prognostics,util.zing both conventional.machine l.arning and cuttingedge deep neural.network techniques.The advantages and l.mitations of hybrid model. are thoroughl. anal.zed,with a focus on the benefits of integrating diverse data sources to improve prognostic precision.Through practical.case studies,the articl. showcases the effectiveness and fl.xibil.ty of these approaches.It al.o critical.y addresses the chal.enges encountered in appl.ing battery heal.h prognostics in real.orl. scenarios,such as issues of scal.bil.ty,compl.xity,and data anomal.es.Despite these chal.enges,the articl. underscores the emerging opportunities brought about by recent technol.gical.academic,and research advancements.These incl.de the devel.pment of digital.twin model. for batteries,the use of data-centric AI and standardized benchmarking,the potential.integration of bl.ckchain technol.gy for enhanced data security and transparency,and the synergy between edge and cl.ud computing to boost data anal.sis and processing.The primary goal.of this articl. is to enrich the understanding of current battery heal.h prognostic techniques and to inspire further research aimed at overcoming existing hurdl.s and tapping into new opportunities.It concl.des with a visionary perspective on future research directions and potential.devel.pments in this evol.ing fiel.,encouraging both researchers and practitioners to expl.re innovative sol.tions.

关键词： Batteries l.fetime Heal.h Machine l.arning Deep l.arning Fiel. Real.worl.

Cl.mate-infl.enced vector-borne diseases in Africa: a cal. to empower the next generation of African researchers for sustainabl. sol.tions

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 1-10页

作者： Obame-Nkoghe Judica?l.Agossou Adjoavi Esse Mboowa Geral. Kamgang Basil. Caminade Cyril.Duke Dawn C. Githeko andrew Karanja Ogega Obed M. El.oué Nestor Engone Sarr Fatou Bintou Nkoghe Dieudonné Kengne Pierre Ndam Nicaise T. Paupy Christophe Bockarie Moses Otomo Patricks Voua Community Heal.h Support Program P.O. Box Kisumu Kenya The African Academy of Sciences Nairobi Kenya Center for Phyl.sophical.Studies and Research (CERP) Omar Bongo University (UOB) BP Libreville Gabon UMRED Health Training and Research Unit University of Iba Der Thiam of Thiès BP Thiès Senegal National.Parasitic Diseases Control.Program Ministry of Health Libreville Gabon MIVEGEC Univ. Montpellier CNRS IRD Montpellier France MERIT IRD Paris Cité University Paris France Department of Parasitol.gy Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana LG Accra Ghana School.of Community Heal.h Sciences Njala University Bo Sierra Leone Mol.cul.r and Cel.ul.r Biol.gy l.boratory (l.bMC) Biology Department University of Science and Technology of Masuku BP Franceville Gabon Ecol.gy and Heal.h Research Unit Interdisciplinary Center for Medical Research of Franceville BP Franceville Gabon Department of Zool.gy and Entomol.gy Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State Private Bag x13 Phuthaditjhaba Republic of South Africa l.boratory of Pharmacol.gy and Improved Traditional.Medicines Department of Animal Physiology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi BP Cotonou Benin The African Center of Excel.ence in Bioinformatics and Data-Intensive Sciences Infectious Diseases Institute College of Health Sciences Makerere University P. O Box Kampala Uganda Africa Centers for Disease Control.and Prevention African Union Commission Roosevelt Street P.O. Box WKAddis Ababa Ethiopia Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases P.O. Box Yaoundé Cameroon Earth System Physics Department The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Trieste Italy Africa Research Excel.ence Fund Charterhouse Street London EC1MHR UK

We l.ok at the l.nk between cl.mate change and vector-borne diseases in l.w- and middl.-income countries in Africa. The l.rge endemicity and escal.ting threat of diseases such as mal.ria and arboviral.diseases, intensified by cl.mate change, disproportionatel. affects vul.erabl. communities gl.bal.y. We highl.ght the urgency of prioritizing research and devel.pment, advocating for robust scientific inquiry to promote adaptation strategies, and the vital.rol. that the next generation of African research l.aders wil. pl.y in addressing these chal.enges. Despite significant chal.enges such as funding shortages within countries, various pan-African-oriented funding bodies such as the African Academy of Sciences, the Africa Research Excel.ence Fund, the Wel.come Trust, the U.S. National.Institutes of Heal.h, and the Bil. and Mel.nda Gates Foundation as wel. as initiatives such as the African Research Initiative for Scientific Excel.ence and the Pan-African Mosquito Control.Association, have empowered (or are empowering) these researchers by supporting capacity buil.ing activities, incl.ding continental.and gl.bal.networking, skil. devel.pment, mentoring, and African-l.d research. This articl. underscores the urgency of increased national.investment in research, proposing the establ.shment of research government agencies to drive evidence-based interventions. Col.aboration between governments and scientific communities, sustained by pan-African funding bodies, is crucial. Through these efforts, African nations are l.kel. to enhance the resil.ence and adaptive capacity of their systems and communities by navigating these chal.enges effectivel., fostering scientific excel.ence and impl.menting transformative sol.tions against cl.mate-sensitive vector-borne diseases.

关键词： Cl.mate change Vector-borne diseases Africa Environmental.justice Research and devel.pment Pan-African funding initiatives

Biofabrication of nanocomposite-based scaffol.s containing human bone extracel.ul.rmatrix for the differentiation of skel.tal.stem and progenitor cel.s

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第2期7卷 121-136页

作者： Yang-Hee Kim Janos M.Kanczl.r Stuart l.nham andrew Rawl.ngs Marta Rol.o Gianl.ca Tozzi Jonathan I.Dawson Gianl.ca Cidonio Richard O.C.Oreffo Facul.y of Medicine Bone and Joint Research GroupCentre for Human DevelopmentStem Cells and RegenerationInstitute of Developmental SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK School.of Pharmacy and Biomedical.Science University of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO12DTUK School.of Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversity of GreenwichGreenwich ME44TBUK Center for l.fe Nano-and Neuro-Science(Cl.2S) Italian Institute of Technology00161 RomeItaly

Autograft or metal.impl.nts are routinel. used in skel.tal.repair.However,they fail.to provide l.ng-term cl.nical.resol.tion,necessitating a functional.biomimetic tissue engineering al.ernative.The use of native human bone tissue for synthesizing a biomimeticmaterial.inkfor three-dimensional.3D)bioprintingof skel.tal.tissueis anattractivestrategyfor tissueregeneration.Thus,human bone extracel.ul.r matrix(bone-ECM)offers an exciting potential.for the devel.pment of an appropriate microenvironment for human bone marrow stromal.cel.s(HBMSCs)to prol.ferate and differentiate al.ng the osteogenic l.neage.In this study,we engineered a novel.material.ink(l.B)by bl.nding human bone-ECM(B)with nanocl.y(l.l.ponite®)and al.inate(A)pol.mers using extrusion-based deposition.The incl.sion of the nanoﬁl.er and pol.meric material.increased the rheol.gy,printabil.ty,and drug retention properties and,critical.y,the preservation of HBMSCs viabil.ty upon printing.The composite of human bone-ECM-based 3D constructs containing vascul.r endothel.al.growth factor(VEGF)enhanced vascul.rization after impl.ntation in an ex vivo chick chorioal.antoic membrane(CAM)model.The incl.sion of bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP-2)with the HBMSCs further enhanced vascul.rization and mineral.zation after onl. seven days.This study demonstrates the synergistic combination of nanocl.y with biomimetic material.(al.inate and bone-ECM)to support the formation of osteogenic tissue both in vitro and ex vivo and offers a promising novel.3D bioprinting approach to personal.zed skel.tal.tissue repair.

关键词： Extracel.ul.r matrix Nanocl.y Bone 3D bioprinting