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Development of Competitive Advantage in Apparel Industry in Kenya

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Sociology Study 2012年第5期2卷 337-350页

作者： Anne Mastamet-mason Michael Ogembo-Kachienga Kenya Polytechnic University College Kenya Tshwane University of Technology South Africa University of Pretoria South Africa Kenya Polytechnic University College Kenya

The Kenyan apparel industry has played a major role in the country＇s economic development; however the sector＇s competitiveness has decreased due to inadequate industrial strategy and loss of global markets resulting from elimination of quotas in 2005. China and other Asian countries＇ ability to produce quality products efficiently at lower comparative costs has been threatening apparel manufacturers in most developing countries in Africa. The purpose of this study is to analyse Kenya＇s apparel industry＇s current situation and to recommend some strategies for regaining business competitiveness in the apparel sector. This paper examines how apparel firms could develop competitive advantages in both local and global markets. It uses Porter＇s diamond and business value chain models as a basis of analysis for interpreting competitive factors within Kenya＇s apparel industry. In addition to extensive literature reviews, the paper provides in-depth overview of Kenya＇s apparel sector business dynamics and its relationships with local and global markets. Conclusions are drawn based on the analyses of Porter＇s theoretical models in relationship to Kenya＇s apparel industry business dynamics. Taking into account the global apparel business factors, recommendations are made on how the Kenya＇s apparel industry can regain business competitiveness.

关键词： Competitive advantage apparel industry Kenya

First Neutrons at the Spallation Neutron Source

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First Neutrons at the Spallation Neutron Source

第三届散裂中子源多学科应用研讨会

作者： Thomas Edward mason Oak Ridge National laboratory USA

＜正＞The wavelengths and energies of thermal and cold neutrons are ideally matched to the length and energy scales in the materials that underpin technologies of the present and future: ranging from semiconductors to magnetic devices, composites to biomaterials and polymers. The Spallation Neutron Source will use an accelerator to produce the most intense beams of neutrons. The project was built by a

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圣安德列斯断层:概念的历史沿革

世界地质 1982年第1期 21-49页

作者： mason l.Hill 何起祥

长期活动的圣安德列斯断层是从1906年旧金山地震发现的。沿着大规模地壳破裂带发生走向滑移运动的概念,就是根据这一事件首次建立起来的。根据这次地震的分析,提出了弹性变形理论。1926年,有人提出圣安德列斯的累计水平位移可达数浬,但... 详细信息

长期活动的圣安德列斯断层是从1906年旧金山地震发现的。沿着大规模地壳破裂带发生走向滑移运动的概念,就是根据这一事件首次建立起来的。根据这次地震的分析,提出了弹性变形理论。1926年,有人提出圣安德列斯的累计水平位移可达数浬,但一般都认为如此巨大的变位是无法解释的。1953年通过更新世至白垩纪岩石横切断裂地层对比所提出的新证据,要求几十乃到几百浬的走向滑移变位。由此引起了进一步的争论和研究,终于在1968年得到普遍承认。自从1965年提出圣安德列斯为一转换断层并纳入板块匿造机制以来,对地壳发生大规模水平运动的保留意见实际上已经消声构迹。阻碍人们接受圣安德列斯发生公里级走向滑移的最重要的一个因素,是对断层错距和断层滑移这两个概念的长期混乱。lawson、Noble、Taliaferro、Hill 和 Dibblee及 Wilson 等在解释这一断层方面起着最重要的作用。Gilberr 在地震后所作的研究再次证明他是一位伟大的地质学家。旧金山地震对于认识圣安德列斯断层起着关健作用,但是根据这一地壳构造的性质,地质历史及其意义的分析,现在面临着比任何时候都多的问题。现在对这一断层在局部构造和全球构造中所起作用的一致意见,肯定要为革命性的新模式所修正。

关键词：断层滑移地震地质旧金山圣安德列斯断层海岸山脉思维形式概念

Image Analysis of the Sugar-reduced Muffin Formulated with Stevianna or Inulin as a Sugar Replacer

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2018年第2期1卷 63-71页

作者： GAO Jingrong HAN Fezhong GUO Xinbo ZENG Xi'an mason Susan l BRENNAN Margaret A BRENNAN Charles S Department of Wine Food and Molecular Biosciences Lincoln University Riddet Institute College of light Industry and Food Science South China University of Technology

Sugar replacement, and/or reduction, in cereal products is important in relation to consumer appeal for nutritionally balanced, calorie reduced, products. However, when using sugar replacers, product structure can be negatively altered. The effect on air cell development and microstructure with the use of Stevianna, or inulin, as sugar replacer was evaluated using muffins as a model food. The total replacement of sugar using Stevianna or inulin resulted in the development of non-uniform air cells leading to poor muffin microstructure. However, formulations involving partial sugar replacers gave similar air cell characteristics and hence microstructural characteristics, to that of the control sample. The results indicated that sugar is an important factor for the development of muffin microstructure and is difficult to replace completely.

关键词： Stevianna Inulin Muffin microstructure Air cell Scanning electron microscopy

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嗜肝DNA病毒感染的抗病毒治疗:难点与现状

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国外医学(微生物学分册) 1990年第5期 209-209页

作者： mason WS 阎辉

对嗜肝DNA病毒慢性感染的治疗目前仍是个特别困难的问题。本文从该类病毒复制的特点及疗效评价等方面作了分析,并对近年应用的几种抗病毒化疗剂应用情况作了述评,特别提到了一种可能很有希望的中草药在这方面的应用。

关键词： DNA 抑制剂慢性感染浮选药剂病毒复制病毒感染

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第一届世界口腔内科学专题讨论会

国外医学（口腔医学分册） 1989年第6期16卷 352-353,331页

作者： mason D 萧燕

第一届世界口腔内科学专题讨论会1988年6月在美国举行。本文对会议议题作了全面的总结介绍。明确了口腔内科学的定义、范围。回顾了近年来口腔内科领域的研究成果,提出了今后研究和教育的方向及目标,并对口腔内科学如何发展提出了一系... 详细信息

第一届世界口腔内科学专题讨论会1988年6月在美国举行。本文对会议议题作了全面的总结介绍。明确了口腔内科学的定义、范围。回顾了近年来口腔内科领域的研究成果,提出了今后研究和教育的方向及目标,并对口腔内科学如何发展提出了一系列设想。

关键词：口腔内科学学术会议

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Seasonal and geographical variation in diapause and cold hardiness of the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis

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Insect Science 2015年第4期22卷 578-586页

作者： Hai-Cui Xie Dun-Song li Hong-Gang Zhang Charles E. mason Zhen-Ying Wang Xin lu Wan-Zhi Cai Kang-lai He The State Key laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100193 Department of Entomology China Agriculture University Beijing 100193 The Plant Protection Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology University of Delaware 531 S College Ave Rm 250 Newark DE 19716-2160 USA Institute of Plant Protection Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences Gongzhuling 136100 Jilin China

Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis （Guenee）, is a key corn pest in the Asian-Western Pacific countries. It overwinters as flail-grown larvae in plant stalks or in a spun-silk covering located in the plant debris in the temperate regions of China. Supercooling point （SCP） and survival rate after low sub-zero temperature treatment were assessed for field-collected populations in the laboratory using a cool bath with a 1 ℃/min cooling rate until -40℃. Mean SCPs were varied among geographical populations, with a significant decline from -22.7℃ of Haikou, the multivoltine tropical population in the south, to -28.5℃ of Gongzhuling, the univoltine temperate population in the northeast of China. In addition, there was more than 1℃ difference in SCP between Gongzhuling univoltine and bivoltine populations that were from the same geographic origin. Mean SCPs of the Guangzhou population fluctuated over the year, with significantly lower SCPs in winter than in other seasons, which correlated with a significantly higher proportion of diapausing larvae in winter than in other seasons. Over 41% of overwintering larvae from the northeast population could withstand to be supercooled for a few minutes to the low sub-zero temperature of-40℃, but only 6.7% of their southern counterparts did so. The findings from this study suggest that O. furnacalis mostly takes advantage of freeze avoidance as diapausing larvae for overwintering in the southern region, whereas it exhibits freeze tolerance in diapause in the northeastern region.

关键词： cold hardiness diapause geographical population Ostriniafurnacalis overwintering seasonality

Electrical and band-gap properties of amorphous zinc-indium-tin oxide thin films

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2012年第1期22卷 1-6页

作者： D.B. Buchholz D.E. Proffit M.D. Wisser T.O. mason R.P.H. Chang Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University 2220 Campus Drive Cook Hall Room 2013 Evanston IL 60208 USA

Zinc-indium-tin oxide (ZITO) films were grown by pulsed-laser deposition. Three different material compositions were investigated: ZITO-30, ZITO-50 and ZITO-70 in which 30%, 50% and 70%, respectively, of the indium in the In 2 O 3 structure was replaced by substitution with zinc and tin in equal molar proportions (co-substitution): In 2 2x Zn x Sn x O 3 , where x 0.3, 0.5, 0.7. All ZITO films grown at room temperature were amorphous. The first evidence of crystallinity was observed at higher deposition-temperature as the degree of co-substitution was increased. A decrease in mobility and conductivity was also observed as the degree of co-substitution was increased. The highest mobility for ZITO-30 and ZITO-50 was observed at deposition temperatures just prior to crystallization. The effect of deposition temperature on carrier concentration was minor compared to the effect of oxygen partial pressure during deposition.

关键词： Transparent conducting oxide Semiconductor Oxide Amorphous Deposition temperature

Detecting and mapping slums using open data:a case study in Kenya

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第6期13卷 683-707页

作者： Ron Mahabir Peggy Agouris Anthony Stefanidis Arie Croitoru andrew T.Crooks Department of Geography and Geoinformation Science George Mason UniversityFairfaxVAUSA Center for Geoinformatics and Geospatial Intelligence George Mason UniversityFairfaxVAUSA Center for Earth Observing and Space Research College of ScienceGeorge Mason UniversityFairfaxVAUSA Criminal Investigations and Network Analysis Center George Mason UniversityFairfaxVAUSA Department of Computational and Data Sciences George Mason UniversityFairfaxVAUSA

The worldwide slum population currently stands at over one billion,with substantial growth expected in the coming ***,slums have been mapped using information derived mainly from either physical indicators using remote sensing data,or socio-economic indicators using census *** data source on its own provides only a partial view of slums,an issue further compounded by data poverty in less-developed *** overcome such issues,this paper explores the fusion of traditional with emerging open data sources and data mining tools to identify additional indicators that can be used to detect and map the presence of slums,map their footprint,and map their *** this goal,we develop an indicator database for slums using open sources of physical and socio-economic data that can be used to characterize slum *** this database,we then leverage data mining techniques to identify the most suitable combination of these indicators for mapping *** three cities in Kenya as test cases,results show that the fusion of these data can improve the mapping accuracy of *** results suggest that the proposed approach can provide a viable solution to the emerging challenge of monitoring the growth of slums.

关键词： Slums remote sensing socioeconomic urban sustainability data mining Kenya