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Invading from the garden？ A comparison of leaf herbivory for exotic and native plants in natural and ornamental settings

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Insect Science 2012年第6期19卷 677-682页

作者： Stephen F. Matter jessica R.Brzyski Christopher j. harrison Sara Hyams Clement Loo jessica Loomis Hannah R. Lubbers Leeann Seastrum Trevor I. Stamper Adam M. Stein Richard Stokes Brandy S. Wilkerson Department of Biological Sciences University of Cincinnati Cincinnati USA

The enemies release hypothesis proposes that exotic species can become in- vasive by escaping from predators and parasites in their novel environment. Agrawal et al. （Enemy release？ An experiment with congeneric plant pairs and diverse above- and below-ground enemies. Ecology, 86, 2979-2989） proposed that areas or times in which damage to introduced species is low provide opportunities for the invasion of native habitat. We tested whether ornamental settings may provide areas with low levels of herbivory for trees and shrubs, potentially facilitating invasion success. First, we compared levels of leaf herbivory among native and exotic species in ornamental and natural settings in Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. In the second study, we compared levels of herbivory for invasive and noninvasive exotic species between natural and ornamental settings. We found lower levels of leaf damage for exotic species than for native species; however, we found no differences in the amount of leaf damage suffered in ornamental or natural settings. Our results do not provide any evidence that ornamental settings afford additional release from herbivory for exotic plant species.

关键词： enemies release hypothesis forest herbivory host plant suburban urban

Teaching of the sensitive examinations: An international survey

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Open journal of Preventive Medicine 2014年第1期4卷 41-49页

作者： Selena A. Hunter Alice McLachlan Takayoshi Ikeda Michael j. harrison Duncan C. Galletly Dean’s Department University of Otago Wellington New Zealand Department of Surgery and Anaesthesia University of Otago Wellington New Zealand Department of Surgery and Anaesthesia University of Otago Wellington New Zealand Department of Anaesthesia Wellington Hospital Capital and Coast District Health Board Wellington New Zealand Wellington Hospital Capital and Coast District Health Board Wellington New Zealand

Background: The teaching of the sensitive examinations—i.e. that of the female breast, female pelvis, female and male rectum and male genitalia—is a challenging part of the undergraduate curriculum. There are no studies to date detailing how national and international medical schools teach all of these examinations. Purposes: This research sought to document the teaching strategies used by national and international medical schools regarding the sensitive examinations. Methods: The sensitive examinations surveyed are the: 1) Female breast;2) Female pelvis;3) Male genitalia;4) Female and male rectum. The term “female sensitive examinations” is used to refer to female breast and female pelvis examinations. This was a questionnaire study, which polled national New Zealand medical schools as well as international medical schools. Questions included: a) sensitive examination teaching method;b) stress reduction strategies;c) perceived graduating student confidence. Results: A total of 104 medical schools participated in this survey in 2010. Artificial manikin usage was the most common technique utilized for each sensitive examination (60% of all schools, 95% CI 55%-65%), whether as the sole teaching method or in combination with other methods. The next most common technique was teaching associates (49% of schools, 95% CI 44%-54%). The female breast and pelvis sensitive examinations used the teaching associate program more frequently than the male genital examination and female and male rectal examination. Regardless of teaching method, most schools believed their graduating students were confident. Stress management teaching was used in most schools, in conjunction with teaching associate sessions. Conclusion: Manikins were the most commonly used teaching component of a teaching programme on sensitive examinations. Irrespective of teaching method, most schools believed their students were confident upon graduation.

关键词： International Sensitive Examinations Teaching

Simple diagnostic algorithm identifying at-risk nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients needing specialty referral within the United States

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World journal of Hepatology 2022年第8期14卷 1598-1607页

作者： Naim Alkhouri Pankaj Aggarwal Phuc Le julia Payne Celine Sakkal Prido Polanco Stephen harrison Mazen Noureddin Department of Hepatology Arizona Liver HealthChandlerAZ 85712United States Center for Value-Based Care Research Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Research Pinnacle ResearchSan AntonioTX 78229United States Department of Hepatology Cedars Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States

BACKGROUND There is an urgent need to risk stratify patients with suspected nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and identify those with fibrotic nonalcoholic *** study aims to apply a simple diagnostic algorithm to identify subjects with at-risk NAFLD in the general *** To apply a simple diagnostic algorithm to identify subjects with at-risk NAFLD in the general *** Adult subjects were included from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database(2017-2018)if they had elevated alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and excluded if they had evidence of viral hepatitis or significant alcohol consumption.A fibrosis-4(FIB4)cutoff of 1.3 differentiated patients with low risk vs high risk *** patients had FIB4>1.3,a FAST score0.35 were referred to a *** same algorithm was applied to subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).RESULTS Three thousand six hundred and sixty-nine patients were identified who met all inclusion and exclusion *** this cohort,911(28.6%)patients had elevated ALT of which 236(22.9%)patients had elevated FIB4 scores≥*** patients with elevated FIB4 score,75(24.4%)had elevated FAST scores,ruling in advanced *** accounts for 2.0%of the overall study *** this algorithm to 737 patients with T2DM,213(35.4%)patients had elevated ALT,85(37.9%)had elevated FIB4,and 42(46.1%)had elevated FAST *** accounts for 5.7%of the population with *** The application of this algorithm to identify at-risk NAFLD patients in need for specialty care is feasible and demonstrates that the vast majority of patients do not need subspecialty referral for NAFLD.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Hepatology Diabetes Endocrinology Primary care

Chemopreventive and Growth Inhibitory Effects of Selenium

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1997年第2期10卷 235-245页

作者： P. R. harrison j. LANFEAR L. WU j. FLEMING L. MCGARRY, AND L. BLOWER (The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, CRC Beatson Laboratories, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road,Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, UK) Beatson Institute for Cancer Research CRC Beatson Laboratories Glasgow Scotland UK.

There is very convincing evidence that a high dietary level of selenium substantially reduces the incidence of a wide variety of animal cancers. The human epidemiological evidence is less clear cut, but overall suggests that selenium may be protective: the evidence is strongest in men in relation to gastro-intestinal cancers. There is evidence that dietary selenium compounds reduce the formation of DNA adducts by carcinogens. Selenium compounds also inhibit growth in vitro and induce apoptosis. In general, there is a good correlation between the effectiveness of selenium compounds in chemoprevention and growth inhibition, implying that the mechanisms of growth inhibition and chemoprevention may be similar and that a major factor in the chemopreventive effects of selenium compounds in vivo is their ability to retard outgrowth of pre-malignant cells. Various hypotheses have been advanced as to how selenium compounds might prevent tumour cellgrowth. One is that they cause apoptosis by inducing oxidative stress. However, we have shown that the most potent selenium compound, selenodiglutathione (SDG), a natural metabolite of selenite, does not induce oxidative stress, at least not in the sarne way as other oxidants such as H2O2 and diamide. Firstly, a partially selenium-resistant variant cell line does not show increased resistance to H2O2. Moreover, SDG does not induce widespread tyrosine phosphorylation, including MAP and SAN kinases, like other oxidants such as H2O2 and diamide and its effects are not reversed by pretreatment with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, herbimycin. Our experiments with the selenium-resistant variant suggest that a novel selenium-binding protein may be involved in growth inhibition by selenium

关键词： gene Chemopreventive and Growth Inhibitory Effects of Selenium

广西地区乙型肝炎病毒无症状携带者乙型肝炎病毒前C区突变分析

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中华流行病学杂志 2002年第6期23卷 453-456页

作者：方钟燎庄辉杨进业葛宪民王学燕龚健李荣成 Roger Ling Tim j.harrison 广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心南宁530021 北京大学基础医学院广西职业病防治研究所 DepartmentofMedicine Royal Free Campus University College London

目的　调查广西地区乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV)无症状携带者HBV前C区基因突变株的流行情况。方法　用套式聚合酶链反应 (nPCR)对 77例广西南部、北部地区人群HBV无症状携带者血清HBV前C区进行扩增 ,阳性者用直接测序法进行序列分析。结果　 39... 详细信息

目的　调查广西地区乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV)无症状携带者HBV前C区基因突变株的流行情况。方法　用套式聚合酶链反应 (nPCR)对 77例广西南部、北部地区人群HBV无症状携带者血清HBV前C区进行扩增 ,阳性者用直接测序法进行序列分析。结果　 39例HBsAg无症状携带者血清HBVDNA阳性 ,阳性率为 5 0 .7% (39 77) ,突变株出现率为 2 2 .1% (17 77)。南部地区阳性率为5 5 .6 % (2 0 36 ) ,其中 6份标本出现突变株 ,占 30 % ,常见的突变类型是nt185 8位发生点突变 (T→C) ,只有一份标本在nt1896发生点突变 (G→A) ,导致终止密码产生 ,该标本同时伴有nt1837点突变(A→G) ;北部地区阳性率为 4 6 .3% (19 4 1) ,其中有 11份标本出现突变株 ,占 5 7.9% ,常见的突变类型是nt1896位发生点突变 (G→A) ,这些标本中有 4份同时在nt184 6发生点突变 (A→T) ,2份同时在nt186 2发生点突变 (G→T) ;标本 734分别在nt185 6、185 8发生点突变 (C→T、T→C)。结论　广西地区HBV无症状携带者HBV前C区突变株的流行率居全国中等水平 ,广西南部、北部是否存在主要突变类型不同值得进一步研究。

关键词：广西乙型肝炎病毒无症状携带者前C区基因突变套式聚合酶链反应

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新款公务机提前看

环球飞行 2013年第4期 8-12页

作者： Kirby j. harrison

未来数年内可投入使用的新型公务机将会拥有更快的速度，更好的舒适性，而且会集成更多的创新性技术。

关键词：公务机舒适性航空运输业发展现状

Rising Rate of Liver Transplantation in the Baby Boomer Generation with Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis in the United States

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journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2017年第3期5卷 193-196页

作者： Osama Siddique Mairin joseph-Talreja Eric R.Yoo Ryan B.Perumpail George Cholankeril Stephen A.harrison Zobair M.Younossi Robert j.Wong Aijaz Ahmed Department of Medicine Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island/Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence RI USA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA Department of Medicine University of Illinois College of Medicine Chicago IL USA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center Memphis TN USA Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Medicine Center for Liver DiseasesInova Fairfax HospitalFalls ChurchVAUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Alameda Health SystemHighland HospitalOaklandCAUSA

Background and Aims:Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the most rapidly growing indication for liver transplantation (LT) in the United States and is on a trajectory to become the leading indication for LT in the next *** aimed to study the trends in NASH-related LT among persons born between 1945 and 1965,the baby boomer (BB) ***:We performed a retrospective cohort analysis using population-based data from the United Network for Organ Sharing/Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network registry from 2004-2015 to evaluate the birth cohort-specific trends in liver transplant waitlist registrations and liver transplant surgeries in patients with *** stratified our study population into three birth cohorts:1) birth before 1945,2) birth between 1945 and 1965,and 3) birth after ***:The overall rates of NASH-related waitlist registrations and liver transplant surgeries steadily increased from 2004 to 2015 and were reflective of a sharp rise noted in the NASH BB *** 2004 to 2015,the proportion of BB patients with NASH added to LT waitlist demonstrated an incremental growth,60.6% in 2004 versus 83.2% in 2015 (p < 0.01).Among the liver transplant recipients with NASH,the proportion represented by the BB cohort increased from 56.3% in 2004 to 80.0% in 2015 (p < 0.01).Conclusion:We report rising rates of waitlist registration and LT for the indication of *** importantly,the BB sub-cohort was mainly responsible for these alarming trends.

关键词： Baby boomers Liver transplantation Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Waitlist

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英国耳鼻喉科一百年

国际耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志 1989年第1期13卷 24-25页

作者： harrison DFN 马安怀

本文为伦敦耳鼻喉科研究所 harrison 教授为纪念英国《喉科学和耳科学杂志(j LaryngolOtol)》创刊100周年(1887～1987)撰写的一篇放在该刊主要创始人 Morell Mackenzie 墓碑上的专文。1887是爱迪生和斯万初制成家用电灯之年,其时现代科... 详细信息

本文为伦敦耳鼻喉科研究所 harrison 教授为纪念英国《喉科学和耳科学杂志(j LaryngolOtol)》创刊100周年(1887～1987)撰写的一篇放在该刊主要创始人 Morell Mackenzie 墓碑上的专文。1887是爱迪生和斯万初制成家用电灯之年,其时现代科学技术的发展尚处于萌芽阶段。该刊第一期只有44页,大多为过去发表过的结核、梅毒、白喉和甲状腺肿病例报告的摘要,这些资料且多来自德国和其他欧洲国家,只有一篇报告较详细地介绍了美国喉插管技术;另有几篇有关英国医学会和海外会议的

关键词：耳鼻喉科喉科学耳鼻咽喉科学耳科学英国大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国

Phosphate limitation of phytoplankton growth in the Changjiang Estuary

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1990年第3期9卷 405-411页

作者： Hu Minghui, Yang Yiping, Xu Chunling and P. j. harrison Oceanography Department of Xiamen University, Xiamen, ChinaSub-bureau of East China Sea, State Oceanic Administration, Shanghai, ChinaOceanography Department, U. B. C. , Canada

Laboratory experiments of bioassay with Pltaeodaetytum tricornutum, Chatoceros didymus, Chaetoreros calcitraus and Heterogtoea sp. sampled from the Changjiang Estuary in spring and summer, 1986, indicated that both N and P limit phytoplankton growth in the medium with N : P ranged between 8-30, and N limits phytoplankton production in the medium with N: P30. Generally, N : P in the Changjiang Estuary waters is 2 times higher than Redfield ratio. The bioassay experiments with high N : P water samples collected from Changjiang Estuary show that phytoplankton production is limited by P. Phytopiankton appears to give priority to the uptake of P at all periods of time. And the optimum N:P for phytoplankton growth is determined to be 18.

关键词： Phosphate limitation of phytoplankton growth in the Changjiang Estuary