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Functional responses to deforestation in fish communities inhabiting neotropical streams and rivers

Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 716-732页

作者： Isabel Cantera Céline j.zéquel Tony Dej.an j.rôme Murienne Régis.Vigouroux Alice Valentini Sébastien Brosse Department of Environmental Science and Policy Universitàdegli Studi di MilanoVia Celoria 2620133 MilanItaly Laboratoire Evolution et DiversitéBiologique UMR5174-UniversitéPaul SabatierCNRSIRD118 Route de Narbonne31062 ToulouseFrance SPYGEN Savoie Technolac-BP 27417 Rue du Lac Saint-André73375 Le Bourget-du-Lac CedexFrance HYDRECO Laboratoire Environnement de Petit SautB.P 82397388 Kourou CedexFrench GuianaFrance

Background Deforestation is a widespread disturbance for neotropical freshwater *** biodiversity declines have been associated with deforestation,its functional consequences for stream and river fish faunas remain poorly *** this study,we explored how deforestation affects the different facets of the functional structure of fish communities inventoried using environmental DNA metabarcoding in 64 river and 35 stream sites of French ***,we investigated how functional richness,divergence,evenness and identity of fish faunas are affected by *** We showed that anthropogenic disturbances in French Guiana are modifying the functional diversity of freshwater fish *** disturbances not only affected the amount of functional traits held by the communities but also the identity of the traits and the internal structure of the functional ***,different facets of the functional diversity supported by fish assemblages were *** streams,deforestation did not affect the overall diversity of traits but reduced functional redundancy,underlined by a shift in functional identity towards assemblages dominated by pelagic *** contrast,river fish faunas experienced a decline in functional richness,paired with shifts in functional identity and a loss of fish species with extreme *** The response to deforestation differed between streams and rivers,but it supports the hypothesis that deforestation is linked to functional changes in fish *** diminishing the range of the functions in rivers or by j.opardizing the redundancy of functions in streams,deforestation could severely hamper the functioning and stability of neotropical freshwater ecosystems.

关键词： eDNA Traits Functional space Richness Divergence Evenness Identity Gold mining

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Polypeptide analysis for nanopore-based protein identification

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Nano Research 2022年第11期15卷 9831-9842页

作者： Mazdak Afshar Bakshloo Safia Yahiaoui Fabien Piguet Manuela Pastoriza-Gallego Régis.Daniel j.rôme Mathé j.hn j.Kasianowicz Abdelghani Oukhaled CY Cergy Paris Université CNRSLAMBE95000CergyFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay Univ EvryCNRSLAMBE91025Evry-CourcouronnesFrance University of South Florida Dept.of PhysicsTampaFL 33620USA Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies Universität FreiburgFreiburg 79104Germany

Presently,proteins are identified by cleaving them with proteases,measuring the mass to charge ratio of the fragments with a mass spectrometer,and matching the fragments to segments within known proteins in *** earlier demonstrated that a nanometer-scale pore formed by aerolysin(AeL)can discriminate between,and therefore identify,three similar size proteins from their trypsin-cleaved polypeptide *** this nanopore-protease method,the protein’s identity is instead determined from characteristic ionic current blockade patterns caused by the polypeptide fragments that enter the *** results also suggested that not all of the theoretically expected cleavage products partition into the *** better understand the mechanism by which polypeptide fragments are captured,and how different polypeptides reduce the pore’s ionic current,we studied the effects of 11 identical length polypeptides with different net charges and charge *** show that under certain experimental conditions,negative,positive,and neutral polypeptides are driven into the AeL pore by the same applied voltage *** capture rate and dwell time of polypeptides in the pore depend strongly on the ionic strength,the magnitude of the applied voltage,and the net charge and charge distribution of the *** dwell time distribution depends nonmonotonically on the applied voltage(regardless of the polymer’s net charge),and its maximum value depends on the polypeptide net charge and charge *** maximum dwell time for different polypeptides does not occur at the same applied voltage amplitude,which conceivably might complicate the detection and discrimination of some polypeptide *** additional experiments,computer simulations,and artificial intelligence research are needed to better understand how to optimize the partitioning of enzymatically cleaved fragments into the AeL nanopore,the method is still capable of accurately identifying

关键词： protein identification nanopores trypsin enzymatic degradation

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The correlation of multi-angle thermal infrared data and the choice of optimal view angles

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Science China Earth Sciences 2004年第6期47卷 570-576页

作者： FAN Wenj.e1 & XU Xiru1,2 1.Institute of Remote Sensing and gis.of Peking University,Beij.ng 100871,China 2.Center of Remote Sensing and gis.of Beij.ng Normal University,Beij.ng 100875,China Institute of Remote Sensing and gis.of Peking University Beijing China Center of Remote Sensing and gis.of Beij.ng Normal University Beijing China

Based on the matrix formula of thermal infrared radiant system, the components temperature can be retrieved by the inversive matrix. Around the stability problem of retrieved result, the research work we did was focused on (i) the correlation of (wk,j. which is the key to affect the retrieval accuracy, (ii) a general method which can help us find the number of retrievable parameters and evaluate the retrieval error before its performance, (iii) the choice of “optimal viewing angle group” based on the formula of absolute error propagation. The row winter wheat field was chosen as an example. The results can provide a theoretical basis for multi-angle thermal infrared remote sensing and components temperature retrieval.

关键词： components temperature retrieval, correlation, number of retrievable parameters, optimal viewing angle group.

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Evaluation of androgenic activity of Zingiber officinale and Pentadiplandra brazzeana in male rats

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Asian j.urnal of Andrology 2002年第4期4卷 299-301页

作者： PierreKamtchouing gis.leYolandeMbongueFandio ThéophileDimo Hermine Boukeng j.tsa Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale Faculté des Sciences Université de Yaoundé I B.P.812 Yaoundé CamerounLaboratoire de Physiologie Animale Faculté des Sciences Université de Yaoundé I B.P.812 Yaoundé CamerounLaboratoire de Physiologie Animale Faculté des Sciences Université de Yaoundé I B.P.812 Yaoundé CamerounDépartement de Biologie et de Physiologie Animales Faculté des Sciences Université de Douala B.P. 24157 Douala Cameroun

Aim: Aqueous extracts of Zingiber officinale and Pentadiplandra brazzeana were tested for their possible androgenic activity in male Wistar rats. Methods: The aqueous extracts of the two plants were gavaged separately to 2 groups of rats at a similar dose of 600 ***^***-1 for 8 days. At the end of the treatment, the animals were killed and the blood, testis, epididymis, seminal vesicles and prostate were collected for biochemical analysis. Results: The aqueous extract of Z. officinale significantly increased in the relative weight of the testis, the serum testosterone level, testicular cholesterol level and epididymal α-glucosidase activity. The aqueous extract of P. brazzeana significantly increased the weights of the testis, seminal vesicles and prostate. It also significantly increased the serum and testicular testosterone level. The fructose, α-glucosidase and cholesterol levels in P. brazzeanatreated rats were increased by 28%, 35% and 114%, respectively. Conclusion: The aqueous extracts of both P. brazzeana and Z. officinale have an androgenic activity, which seems to be more potent with P. brazzeana than with Z. officinale. (Asian j.Androl 2002 Dec; 4: 299-301)

关键词： P. brazzeana Z. officinale testosterone androgenic activity

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Coverage rates for diphtheria,tetanus,poliomyelitis,and pertussis age-specific booster recommendations in France:2018 update of the real-world cohort analysis

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Infectious Medicine 2023年第1期2卷 51-56页

作者： Régis.Verdier Clarisse Marchal Manon Belhassen Marie Le Pannerer Nicole Guiso Robert Cohen Sanofi LyonFrance PELyon(Pharmaco Epidemiology Lyon) LyonFrance Independent Expert ParisFrance UniversitéParis Est IMRB-GRC GEMINICréteilFrance Clinical Research Center(CRC) Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de CréteilCréteilFrance GPIP Pediatric Infectious Disease GroupFrance ACTIV Pediatric Clinical and Therapeutical Association of the Val de MarneSaint-Maur des FossésFrance UnitéCourt Séj.ur Petits NourrissonsService de NéonatologieCentre Hospitalier Intercommunal de CréteilCréteilFrance

The French National Immunization Program was updated in 2013 for vaccination against diphtheria,tetanus,per-tussis,and *** previous findings on the evolution of age-specific booster vaccination coverage rates(VCRs)up to 2017 suggested suboptimal vaccination coverages due to the pre-2013 recommendation-residual vaccination *** the current analysis,we evaluated all age-specific booster VCR and distribution of age at vaccination visits in *** this retrospective observational cohort study,the cumulative booster VCRs were updated at all vaccination visits up to 2018 among the people who were eligible for a booster vaccination,using a 1/97th random sample of French national healthcare reimbursement *** cumulative booster VCR for individuals from all age groups increased from 2017 to 2018,except for 85-years-old vaccination *** of the individuals from all age groups were vaccinated(boosted)with a vaccine containing the pertussis *** 2018,sharp peaks corresponding to the recommended ages for booster vaccination visits were observed for individuals aged 6,11 to 13,25,45,and 65 *** study reiterates suboptimal coverages in France and implies the need for booster vaccination throughout life for the protection of the population.

关键词： Booster vaccine DTaP-IPV France Pertussis National Immunisation Programme Vaccination coverage rate

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Scale Effects of Geographical Soil Datasets on Soil Carbon Estimation in Louisiana,USA:A Comparison of STATSGO and SSURGO

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Pedosphere 2011年第4期21卷 491-501页

作者： B. ZHONG Y. j. XU School of Renewable Natural Resources Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Baton Rouge LA 70803 (USA)

Estimation of soil organic carbon （SOC） pools and fluxes bears large uncertainties because SOC stocks vary greatly over geographical space and through time. Although development of the U.S. Soil Survey Geographic Database （SSURGO）, currently the most detailed level with a map scale ranging from 1：12 000 to 1：63 360, has involved substantial government funds and coordinated network efforts, very few studies have utilized it for soil carbon assessment at the large landscape scale. The obj.ctives of this study were to 1） compare estimates in soil organic matter among SSURGO, the State Soil Geographic Database （STATSGO）, and referenced field measurements at the soil map unit; 2） examine the influence of missing data on SOC estimation by SSURGO and STATSGO; 3） quantify spatial differences in SOC estimation between SSURGO and STATSCO, specifically for the state of Louisiana; and 4） assess scale effects on soil organic carbon density （SOCD） estimates from a soil map unit to a watershed and a river basin scale. SOC was estimated using soil attributes of SSURGO and STATSGO including soil organic matter （SOM） content, soil layer depth, and bulk density. Paired t-test, correlation, and regression analyses were performed to investigate various relations of SOC and SOM among the datasets. There were positive relations of SOC estimates between SSURGO and STATSGO at the soil map unit （R2 = 0.56, n = 86, t = 1.65, P = 0.102; depth： 30 cm）. However, the SOC estimated by STATSGO were 9%, 33% and 36~ lower for the upper 30-cm, the upper l-m, and the maximal depth （up to 2.75 m） soils, respectively, than those from SSURGO. The difference tended to increase as the spatial scale changes from the soil map unit to the watershed and river basin scales. Compared with the referenced field measurements, the estimates in SOM by SSURGO showed a closer match than those of STATSCO, indicating that the former was more accurate than the latter in SOC estimation, both in spatial and temporal resoluti

关键词： carbon accounting climate change gis soil organic carbon soil organic matter

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The multifaceted question of the prescription of antidepressants during pregnancy

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上海精神医学 2013年第5期25卷 317-318页

作者： gis.le Apter Emmanuel Devouche Erasme Hospital Psychiatry and Psychopathology Research Institute Paris France University Paris Diderot Paris France. Erasme Hospital Psychiatry and Psychopathology Research Institute Paris France University Paris Descartes Laboratoire Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé Paris France.

Pregnancy has long been considered a period of bliss,free of psychiatric *** was even supposed that if such conditions preexisted,they would momentarily be miraculously suspended.[1]Numerous studies have now shown tha... 详细信息

关键词：怀孕期间抗抑郁药处方精神障碍精神分裂症抑郁症 TSL

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Potential gains from spatially-explicit coordinated planning between two large public ownerships in Minnesota

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Forest Ecosystems 2019年第2期6卷 102-118页

作者： j.shua j. Bixby Howard M. Hoganson Yu Wei Geospatial Systems Engineer USDA Forest Service Chief’s Information Office Duluth MN USA Department of Forest Resources and North Central Research and Outreach Center University of MN Grand Rapids MN USA Department of Forest and Rangeland Stewardship Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA

Background: Many forested landscapes throughout the world involve a mix of public forest ownerships. This study explores how coordinated planning between two large public ownerships in Minnesota impact landscape-level trade-offs between timber production and production of core area of older forest (COF) for the region. COF is an important metric for wildlife habitat. Emphasis is on better understanding potential gains from both coordinated planning at the site-level where ownerships share stand boundaries and from coordinated planning at a broader policy level involving assumed values of COF by the public. The study area involves over 300,000 ha, 150,000 analysis units and a 100-year planning horizon. Methods: The concept of influence zones in modeling spatial interdependencies is described and implemented. The estimated total area of COF is assumed an important landscape metric for forest wildlife habitat condition for each forest planning period. COF has a surrounding buffer protecting it from edge effects. Differences are recognized between COF condition requirements and condition requirements for its surrounding buffer. A spatially-explicit harvest scheduling model is applied in conj.nction with moving-windows techniques of gis.to find near-optimal management schedules for the large landscape. Multiple model runs are examined to help better understand both potential gains from coordinated planning and the tradeoffs between timber and COF production. Results: Results demonstrate the ability to incorporate detailed site-level COF production into management scheduling models for broad, landscape-level planning. For the study area and the assumed COF definitions, substantially larger gains are possible by coordinating COF value assumptions across ownerships, as compared to possible gains from coordinating on-the-ground management activities in areas involving shared stand boundaries. Although a general map of the study area shows a definite intertwining mosaic of ow

关键词： Core area Interior space Trade-off analysis Multiple obj.ctive planning Landscape planning Harvest scheduling Patch size Production possibilities frontier

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Clustering of prostate cancer healthcare pathways in the French National Healthcare database

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Cancer Innovation 2023年第1期2卷 52-64页

作者： Roméo Baulain j.rémy j.vé Dunia Sakr Marine Gross‐Goupil Magali Rouyer Marius Puel Patrick Blin Cécile Droz‐Perroteau Régis.Lassalle Nicolas H.Thurin École nationale de la statistique et de l'administrationéconomique Paris(ENSAE) Institut Polytechnique ParisPalaiseauFrance Univ.Bordeaux INSERM CIC‐P 1401Bordeaux PharmacoEpiBordeauxFrance Medical Oncology Hôpital Saint AndréCHU de BordeauxBordeauxFrance

Background:Healthcare pathways of patients with prostate cancer are heterogeneous and complex to apprehend using traditional descriptive *** and visualization methods can enhance their ***:Patients with prostate cancer in 2014 were identified in the French National Healthcare database(Système National des Données de Santé—SNDS)and their data were extracted with up to 5 years of history and 4 years of follow‐***‐one‐specific encounters constitutive of prostate cancer management were synthesized into four macro‐variables using a clustering *** values over patient follow‐ups constituted healthcare *** matching was applied to calculate distances between *** around medoids was then used to define consistent groups across four exclusive cohorts of incident prostate cancer patients:Hormone‐sensitive(HSPC),metastatic hormone‐sensitive(mHSPC),castration‐resistant(CRPC),and metastatic castration‐resistant(mCRPC).Index plots were used to represent pathways ***:The repartition of macro‐variables values—surveillance,local treatment,androgenic deprivation,and advanced treatment—appeared to be consistent with prostate cancer *** to five clusters of healthcare pathways were observed in each of the different cohorts,corresponding for most of them to relevant clinical patterns,although some heterogeneity *** instance,clustering allowed to distinguish patients undergoing active surveillance,or treated according to cancer progression risk in HSPC,and patients receiving treatment for potentially curative or palliative purposes in mHSPC and ***:Visualization methods combined with a clustering approach enabled the identification of clinically relevant patterns of prostate cancer *** of these care pathways is an essential element for the comprehension and the robust assessment of healthcare technology effectiveness.

关键词： prostate cancer healthcare pathway clustering machine learning SNDS

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A study on wildfire impacts on greenhouse gas emissions and regional air quality in South of Orléans,France

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j.urnal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 521-533页

作者： Chaoyang Xue gis.le Krysztofiak Yangang Ren Min Cai Patrick Mercier Frédéric Le Fur Corinne Robin Benoit Grosselin Véronique Daele Max RMcGillen Yuj.ng Mu Valéry Catoire Abdelwahid Mellouki Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace(LPC2E) CNRS–UniversitéOrléans–CNES(UMR 7328)Orléans Cedex 245071France Institut de Combustion AérothermiqueRéactivitéEnvironnement(ICARE)CNRSOrléans Cedex 245071France Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Lig’Air-Association de surveillance de la qualitéde l’air en région Centre-Val de Loire Saint-Cyr-en-Val 45590France Mohammed V University RabatMorocco

Wildfire events are increasing globally which may be partly associated with climate change,resulting in significant adverse impacts on local,regional air quality and global *** September 2020,a small wildfire(burned area:36.3 ha)event occurred in Souesmes(Loiret-Cher,Sologne,France),and its plume spread out over 200 km on the following day as observed by the MODIS *** on measurements at a suburban site(~50 km northwest of the fire location)in Orléans and backward traj.ctory analysis,young wildfire plumes were *** increases in gaseous pollutants(CO,CH_(4),N_(2)O,VOCs,etc.)and particles(including black carbon)were found within the wildfire plumes,leading to a reduced air *** factors,defined as EF(X)=ΔX/ΔCO(where,X represents the target species),of various trace gases and black carbon within the young wildfire plumes were determined accordingly and compared with previous *** in the ambient ions(such as ammonium,sulfate,nitrate,chloride,and nitrite in the particle-and gasphase)and aerosol properties(e.g.,aerosol water content,aerosol p H)were also quantified and ***,we estimated the total carbon and climate-related species(e.g.,CO_(2),CH_(4),N_(2)O,and BC)emissions and compared them with fire emission *** biomass burning emission inventories have uncertainties in estimating small fire burned areas and *** instance,we found that the Global Fire Assimilation System(GFAS)may underestimate emissions(e.g.,CO)of this small wildfire while other inventories(GFED and FINN)showed significant *** that it is the first time to record wildfire plumes in this region,related atmospheric implications are presented and discussed.

关键词： Wildfire Air quality Emission factor Emission inventory VOLTAIRE supersite

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