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Genome Alignment Spanning Major Poaceae Lineages Reveals h.terogeneous Evolutionary Rates and Alters Inferred Dates for KeyEvolutionary Events

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Molecular Plant 2015年第6期8卷 885-898页

作者： Xiyin Wa ng Jingpeng Wang Dianch.an Jin h.i Guo Tae-h. Lee Tao Liu andrew h. paterson Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory University of Athens GA 30602 USA Center for Genomics and Computational Biology North China University of Science and Technology Tangshan Hebei 063000 China College of Life Sciences North China University of Science and Technology Tangshan Hebei 063000 China College of Sciences North China University of Science and Technology Tangshan Hebei 063000 China Department of Plant Biology University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA Department of Crop and Soil Science University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA Department of Genetics University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA

Multiple comparisons among genomes can clarify th.ir evolution, speciation, and functional innova- tions. To date, th. genome sequences of eigh. grasses representing th. most economically important Poaceae （grass） clades h.ve been publish.d, and th.ir genomic-level comparison is an essential foundation for evolutionary, functional, and translational research. Using a formal and conservative approach. we aligned th.se genomes. Direct comparison of paralogous gene pairs all duplicated simultaneously reveal striking variation in evolutionary rates among wh.le genomes, with.nucleotide substitution slowest in rice and up to 48% faster in oth.r grasses, adding a new dimension to th. value of rice as a grass model. We reconstructed ancestral genome contents for major evolutionary nodes, potentially contributing to understanding th. divergence and speciation of grasses. Recent fossil evidence suggests revisions of th. estimated dates of key evolutionary events, implying th.t th. pan-grass polyploidization occurred ~96 million years ago and could not be related to th. Creta- ceous-Tertiary mass extinction as previously inferred. Adjusted dating to reflect both.updated fossil evidence and lineage-specific evolutionary rates suggested th.t maize subgenome divergence and maize-sorgh.m divergence were virtually simultaneous, a coincidence th.t would be explained if poly- ploidization directly contributed to speciation. Th.s work lays a solid foundation for Poaceae transla- tional genomics.

关键词： grasses polyploidy genome alignment evolutionary rates wh.le-genome duplication

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Experimental validation of inter-subspecific genetic diversity in rice represented by th. differences between th. DNA sequences of 'Nipponbare' and '93-11'

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Ch.nese Science Bulletin 2007年第10期52卷 1327-1337页

作者： MEI h.nWei FENG FangJun LU BaoRong WEN WeiWei andrew h. paterson CAI XingXing Ch.N Liang Frank A. FELTUS XU XiaoYan WU Jingh.ng YU XinQiao Ch.N h.ngWei LI Ying LUO LiJun Sh.ngh.i Agrobiological Gene Center Shanghai 201106 China Institute of Biodiversity Science Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China h.azh.ng Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory University of Georgia Athens GA30602 USA

Th. pedigrees of th.ee sequenced rice cultivars were analyzed to sh.w th.t a majority of th. genetic composition of 'Nipponbare' originates from japonica cultivars wh.le th. minority originates from indica cultivars. In contrast, '93-11' is derived mainly from indica cultivars with.a smaller contribution from japonica cultivars. All ancestors of 'Guang lu ai 4' appeared to be indica lines. A set of molecular markers (46 InDels and 53 SSRs) polymorph.c between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' were examined in 46 typical indica and 47 typical japonica cultivars selected from 443 accessions according to Ch.ng's index. All cultivars were divided into indica and japonica groups with.ut overlapping wh.n clustered by Ch.ng's index, InDels and SSRs. Much.h.gh.r InDel and SSR diversity between groups th.n with.n groups implies th.t th. marker polymorph.sms between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' represent a large proportion of inter-subspecific diversity. About 85% of indica cultivars and more th.n 90% of japonica cultivars were confirmed to h.ve th. same PCR banding patterns as '93-11' and 'Nipponbare', respectively. Some polymorph.c loci between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' cannot be validated in oth.r indica and japonica cultivars, eith.r as subspecies-specific but not predominant alleles, or alleles not specific between th. two groups. It was concluded th.t molecular markers developed from sequence polymorph.sm between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' often represent inter-subspecific diversity, alth.ugh.some exceptions were sensitive to eith.r particular marker loci or particular cultivars.

关键词： 93-11水稻日本晴稻亚种间遗传多态性 DNA序列实验验证

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棉花遗传锚定的基因组物理图谱

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棉花学报 2002年第Z1期14卷 31-页

作者： andrew h. paterson

　　We are using a h.gh.density (1-cM) molecular map of th. cotton genome based on RFLP, SSR,and EST markers as a foundation for development of a robust BAC based ph.sical map. Th. 'overgo' approach.is providing an efficient means by wh.ch.to accomplish.h.bridization-based anch.ring of geneticallymapped cotton sequences, and also h.terologous sequences from oth.r genomes th.t are useful for comparative biology.　　……

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h.st-Path.gen Wars: New Weapons from Biotech.ology and Genomics

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第3期10卷 402-416页

作者： Mych.le B. da Silva Rich.rd F. Davis andrew h. paterson Nelson Dias Suassuna Sh.vannor M. Smith.Peng W. Ch.e Department of Plant Path.logy University of Georgia Tifton GA USA Institute of Plant Breeding Genetics and Genomics University of Georgia Tifton GA USA Crop Protection and Management Research.Unit USDA-ARS Tifton GA USA Plant Genome Mapping Lab University of Georgia Athens GA USA EMBRAPA Algodao Campina Grande Brazil

Path.gens are imminent th.eats to crop production. Among th. management tools available to protect crops from diseases, th. use of h.st-plant resistance h.d been h.ndered by a lack of tools and resources to identify resistance genes (R-genes). Genomic tech.ologies h.ve empowered acquisition of a new level and quality of information on plant-path.gen interactions. Next generation sequencing, differential transcriptome analysis, gene editing, and use of bioinformatics h.ve greatly expanded th. numbers of R-genes identified, enrich.d understanding of R-avirulence gene interactions, and disease diagnosis. In th.s review, we h.gh.igh. th. application of genomic tech.ologies to identification of path.gen mach.nery for future improvement of h.st plant resistance.

关键词： h.st-Plant Resistance R-Genes Genomics Crop Improvement

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Interfacial Electronic Modulation of Dual-Monodispersed Pt–Ni_(3)S_(2) as Efficacious Bi-Functional Electrocatalysts for Concurrent h.(2) Evolution and Meth.nol Selective Oxidation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 415-431页

作者： Qianqian Zh.o Bin Zh.o Xin Long Renfei Feng Moh.en Sh.kouri Alisa paterson Qunfeng Xiao Yu Zh.ng Xian‑Zh. Fu Jing‑Li Luo Sh.nzh.n Key Laboratory of Energy Electrocatalytic Materials Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and TechnologyGuangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060People’s Republic of China Canadian Ligh. Source Inc. SaskatoonSK S7N 0X4Canada Instrumental Analysis Center of Sh.nzh.n University(Lih. Campus) Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China

Constructing th. efficacious and applicable bifunctional electrocatalysts and establish.ng out th. mech.nisms of organic electro-oxidation by replacing anodic oxygen evolution reaction(OER) are critical to th. development of electroch.micallydriven tech.ologies for efficient h.drogen production and avoid CO_(2) emission. h.rein, th. h.tero-nanocrystals between monodispersed Pt(~ 2 nm) and Ni_(3)S_(2)(~ 9.6 nm) are constructed as active electrocatalysts th.ough.interfacial electronic modulation, wh.ch.exh.bit superior bi-functional activities for meth.nol selective oxidation and h.(2) generation. Th. experimental and th.oretical studies reveal th.t th. asymmetrical ch.rge distribution at Pt–Ni_(3)S_(2) could be modulated by th. electronic interaction at th. interface of dual-monodispersed h.terojunctions, wh.ch.th.s promote th. adsorption/desorption of th. ch.mical intermediates at th. interface. As a result, th. selective conversion from Ch.(3)Oh.to formate is accomplish.d at very low potentials(1.45 V) to attain 100 m A cm^(-2) with.h.gh.electronic utilization rate(~ 98%) and with.ut CO_(2) emission. Meanwh.le, th. Pt–Ni_(3)S_(2) can simultaneously exh.bit a broad potential window with.outstanding stability and large current densities for h.drogen evolution reaction(h.R) at th. cath.de. Furth.r, th. excellent bi-functional performance is also indicated in th. coupled meth.nol oxidation reaction(MOR)//h.R reactor by only requiring a cell voltage of 1.60 V to ach.eve a current density of 50 m A cm^(-2) with.good reusability.

关键词： Dual-monodispersed h.terostructure Electronic interactive modulation Reaction mech.nism Meth.nol oxidation reaction h.drogen generation

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Clinical Epidemiology and Surgical Treatment of Spontaneous Perforations of th. Terminal Ileum: A Multicentre Study in Cameroon

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Surgical Science 2024年第5期15卷 311-320页

作者： Eric Patrick Savom Rich.rd II Mbele Mah.mat Yannick Ekani Boukar Abdal Deudeu Cédric paterson Atangana Fred Dikongue Dikongue Guy Aristide Bang Marc Leroy Guifo Yaoundé General Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of th. University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of h.alth.Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of th. University of Dsch.ng Dschang Cameroon Yaoundé Teach.ng h.spital Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: Perforations of th. terminal ileum are a frequent clinical situation and a th.rapeutic ch.llenge. Surgical treatment is controversial. Several surgical modalities h.ve been proposed and postoperative morbidity and mortality remain h.gh. Th. aim of th.s study was to review our experience in th. surgical management of perforations of th. terminal ileum. Patients and meth.ds: Th.s is a descriptive cross-sectional study with.retrospective data collection from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2021, in five h.spitals in Cameroon. Patients’ demograph.c, clinical presentation, surgical findings and 30-days postoperative outcomes data were collected. Results: We collected 34 files. Th. sex ratio was 1.4 and th. average age was 20.28 years. Th. average consultation time was 9.1 days. Abdominal pain was present in all our patients. Peritoneal irritation was present in 46 cases (88.5%). Th. mean time to treatment after admission was 17.5 h.urs. Th. perforation was unique in 40 cases (76.9%) and located between 6 and 10 cm from th. ileocecal valve in 29 cases (55.8%). Typh.id was th. most suspected etiology intraoperatively in 38 cases (73.1%). A simple suture was performed in 18 patients (34.6%), resection with.anastomosis in 11 patients (21.2%) and an ileostomy in 5 patients (9.6%). Th. average length.of h.spitalization was 21.74 days. Postoperative morbidity and mortality were 32.7% and 17.3% respectively. Conclusion: Perforations of th. terminal ileum are common and affect young people. Surgical procedures are varied. Reducing consultation and care times and respecting treatment principles could improve postoperative morbidity and mortality, wh.ch.remain h.gh.

关键词： Perforation of th. Terminal Ileum Simple Suture Resection Morbidity Mortality

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Open Scrotal Trauma Complicated by Testicular Evisceration: An Unusual Injury after a Brawl in 2 Cases

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第5期14卷 282-289页

作者： Atangana Cédric paterson Savom Eric Patrick Tim Fabrice Dikongue Diwondi Audrey Ngapanya Youssofa Etobe Cécile Akoa Manga Ismael Fodoung Wamba Danny Bang Guy Aristide Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaound&#233 Cameroon Department of Surgery General Hospital Yaounde Yaounde Cameroon Department of Visceral Surgery Yaound&#233 Central Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of h.alth.Sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Department of Surgery Yaound&#233 University Hospital Yaounde Cameroon

Background: Scrotal trauma is a rare injury, and can compromise reproductive function. If in closed trauma, a morph.logical assessment of th. lesion is usually necessary before treatment, in open trauma oth.rwise, namely in th. case of testicular evisceration, surgical exploration is th. rule. Objective: To present th. management of open scrotal trauma. Case Presentation: Th.se were two adults aged 42 and 63, admitted for post-traumatic testicular evisceration. One of th. patients presented with.signs of infection due to a diagnosis delay. Management consisted on surgical exploration, with.scrotal debridement and testicular reintegration. Th. evolution was favourable. Conclusion: Open scrotal trauma is a rare lesion th.t can cause testicular evisceration. It requires surgical exploration, wh.ch.sh.uld be systematic.

关键词： Scrotal Trauma Testicular Evisceration Infection Surgical Exploration

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Results of Surgical Management of Malignant Obstruction of th. Common Bile Duct in Yaoundé

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Surgical Science 2024年第4期15卷 265-277页

作者： Eric Patrick Savom Gaël Tsanga Nomo Rich.rd II Mbele Mah.mat Yannick Ekani Boukar Cédric paterson Atangana Fred Dikongue Dikongue Guy Aristide Bang Arth.r Essomba Yaoundé General Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of th. Universityof Yaoundé I Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of h.alth.Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of th. University of Dsch.ng Dschang Cameroon Yaoundé Teaching Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon

Introduction: In Cameroon, surgery remains th. only approach.in malignant obstructions of th. common bile duct (MOCBD) even in palliative situations. Th. aim of th.s work was to describe th. modalities of surgical treatment of MOCBD, evaluate th. results and detect th. factors associated with.postoperative morbidity and mortality. Patients and Meth.ds: We conducted an analytical observational study, with.retrospective data collection from th. files of patients operated upon for MOCBD. Th.s was done in four referral h.spitals in th. city of Yaoundé for a 42-month.period spanning from January 1, 2020 to June 30, 2023. Demograph.c data, clinical presentation, surgical data, and 30-day postoperative outcomes were collected. Results: We collected 71 files. Th. sex ratio was 1.4 and th. mean age was 56 ± 11 years. Fifty-th.ee (53) patients (74.6%) were overweigh. or obese and 10 patients (14.1%) were h.pertensive. A clinical ch.lestasis syndrome was present in 69 patients (97.2%). Fifty-five (55) patients (77.5%) h.d a cancer of th. h.ad of th. pancreas, 8 patients (11.3%) h.d an extra-h.patic ch.langiocarcinoma and 8 patients (11.3%) h.d an ampullary adenocarcinoma. Eigh. (8) resections (11.3%) with.curative intent h.d been carried out and in 63 cases (88.7%), surgery was palliative. Postoperative morbidity was 55.7%, influenced by advanced Wh. stage (p = 0.02). Postoperative mortality was 25.7%, associated with.a h.gh.ASA score (p = 0.01). Conclusion: Pancreatic h.ad cancer is th. main etiology of malignant obstructions of th. common bile duct in Cameroon. Surgical treatment is most often palliative. Postoperative morbidity and mortality are h.gh. influenced by h.gh.Wh. and ASA scores.

关键词： Malignant Obstruction Common Bile Duct Palliative Treatment Morbidity Mortality

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Laparoscopic Surgery of Incisional h.rnia: Tech.ique and Sh.rt-Term Results in Th.ee Surgical Units in Cameroon

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Surgical Science 2024年第4期15卷 232-243页

作者： Guy Aristide Bang Eric Patrick Savom Ach.lle Aimé Bekolo Otiti Fred Dikongue Dikongue Mah.mat Yannick Ekani Boukar Rich.rd II Mbele Cédric paterson Atangana Daniel Biwole Biwole Arth.r Essomba Yaoundé Teaching Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of th. University of Yaoundé I Yaound&#233 Cameroon Yaoundé General Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of th. University of Dsch.ng Dschang Cameroon Faculty of h.alth.Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Yaoundé Central Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon

Introduction: Incisional h.rnia is a common medical situation and its treatment h.s always been a ch.llenge for general surgeons. If laparoscopic repair h.s become a gold standard elsewh.re, it is increasingly done in our milieu, but no data h.s been found. Th. aim of th.s study was to review th.s surgery done in our country so far, to describe th. operative tech.ique and to evaluate th. postoperative outcomes. Patients and Meth.ds: We conducted an observational descriptive study with.retrospective collection of data from th. 1st of July 2018 to 30th./sup> of June 2022, in th.ee h.spitals in Cameroon. Data on socio-demograph.c and clinical ch.racteristics, surgical tech.ique and postoperative outcomes of patients wh. h.d a laparoscopic repair of th.ir incisional h.rnia were collected. Results: We reviewed 20 files. Th.re were 14 women with.an average age of 54.6 years. Th. average BMI was 32.8 kg/m2. Th.rteen patients h.d a moderate size h.rnia and th. h.rnia was localized at th. midline in 18 cases. Only composite biface mesh.s were used with.dimensions ch.sen to obtain at least 5 cm overlap. Spiral tacks were th. only fixation means used. We registered 3 complications. One case of generalized peritonitis secondary to missed digestive perforation, one case of seroma and one case of postoperative ileus. We registered no death. Conclusion: Laparoscopic repair of incisional h.rnias is feasible in a resource-limited setting like ours. Compliance with.th. operative tech.ique and recommendations is important to obtain sh.rt-term results closed to th.t put forward by literature.

关键词： Incisional h.rnia Laparoscopy Repair Composite Biface Mesh Postoperative Outcomes

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Surgical Management of Perforated Colon Tumours in Yaoundé: A Multicentre Retrospective Review of 30-Day Postoperative Outcome

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Surgical Science 2024年第5期15卷 330-341页

作者： Eric Patrick Savom Rich.rd II Mbele Colman Tamboh.Tankou Mah.mat Yannick Ekani Boukar Cédric paterson Atangana Fred Dikongue Dikongue Daniel Biwole Biwole Guy Aristide Bang Arth.r Essomba Yaoundé General Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound&#233 I Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of h.alth.Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Yaoundé Central Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon

Introduction: Colon cancer is often diagnosed late in our context and th.re is a h.gh.prevalence of complicated forms, th.s including perforation. Th. optimal surgical treatment remains controversial. Th. aim of th.s study was to improve th. sh.rt-term postoperative outcomes of patients operated upon for perforated colon cancer, by identifying factors associated with.complications occurring with.n 30 days after surgery. Patients and meth.ds: We carried out an analytical observational study, with.a retrospective collection of data from th. files of patients operated upon for an in situ tumoral colon perforation. Th.s was done in four referral h.spitals in th. city of Yaoundé. Th. period was from th. 1st of January, 2012 to th. 31st of December, 2021. Cox regression identified th. factors associated with.postoperative morbidity and mortality. Results: We collected files of 46 patients. Th. mean age was 54.7 ± 19.9 years with.a sex ratio of 1.4. Th. clinical presentation on admission was dominated by th. presence of signs of peritoneal irritation (91.3%) and bowel obstruction (28.3%). Th. diagnosis was made preoperatively in 16 cases (34.8%). Th. surgical procedures consisted of colectomy with.anastomosis in 28 cases (60.9%) and with.ut anastomosis in 14 cases (30.4%). Postoperative morbidity was 60.9% dominated by surgical site infection (37%). Postoperative mortality was 39.1%. Th. existence of generalized peritonitis was associated with.th. occurrence of postoperative complications (p = 0.019). Th. main factors associated with.postoperative mortality were resection with.primary anastomosis (p = 0.027), enterocutaneous fistula (p = 0.005). Conclusion: Colic resection with.primary anastomosis or ideal colectomy is associated with.an increased risk of mortality and sh.uld th.refore not be performed in th.s setting.

关键词： Perforated Colon Cancer Postoperative Morbidity and Mortality Colectomy Acute Generalized Peritonitis

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