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Comparative efficacy of gypsy moth(Lepidoptera:erebidae)entomopathogens on transgenic blight-tolerant and wild-type American,Chinese,and hybrid chestnuts(Fagales:Fagaceae)

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Insect Science 2020年第5期27卷 1067-1078页

作者： Aaron J.Brown andrew e.newhouse William A.Powell Dylan Parry Department of environmental and Forest Biology College of Environmental Science and ForestryState University of New YorkSyracuseNY13210USA

American chestnut(Castanea dentata[Marsh.]Borkh.)was once the dominant hardwood species in eastern North America before an exotic fungal pathogen,Cryphonec-tria parasitica(Murrill)Barr,functionally eliminated it across its *** promising approach toward restoring American chestnut to natural forests is development of blight-tolerant trees using genetic ***,transformation and related processes can result in unexpected and unintended phenotypic changes,potentially altering ecologi-cal *** assess unintended tritrophic impacts of transgenic American chestnut on plant herbivore interactions,gypsy moth(Lymantria dispar L.)caterpillars were fed leaf disks excised from two transgenic events,Darling 54 and Darling 58,and four control American chestnut *** disks were previously treated with an LDso dose of either the speces-specific Lymantria dispar multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus(LdMNPV)or the generalist pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis ***(Btk).Mortality was quantified and compared to water blank *** genotype had a strong efect on the efficacies of both *** mortality from Btk-treated foliage from only one transgenic event,Darling 54,differed from its isogenic progenitor,ellis l,but was similar to an unre-lated wild-type American chestnut *** efficacy was unaffected by genetic *** suggest that although genetic modification of trees may affect interactions with other nontarget organisms,this may be due to insertion effects,and varia-tion amnon diMterent genvtypes(wlether uasgeic ul wild-typc)iupaults a giealci change in response than transgene presence.

关键词： Bacillus thuringiensis LdMNPV nontarget restoration tri-trophic unin-tended effects

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Latest updates on structure and recommendations of cardiac rehabilitation programs in chronic heart failure

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第8期12卷 1382-1387页

作者： Christos Kourek Alexandros Briasoulis Dimitrios e Magouliotis John Skoularigis andrew Xanthopoulos Medical School of Athens National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 15772Greece Department of Clinical Therapeutics Alexandra HospitalFaculty of MedicineNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11528Greece Department of Surgery University Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41110Greece of Cardiology University Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41110Greece

Chronic heart failure(HF)is a clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mor-tality *** rehabilitation(CR)is a medically supervised program designed to maintain or improve cardiovascular health of people living with HF,recommended by both American and european guidelines.A CR program con-sists of a multispecialty group including physicians,nurses,physiotherapists,trainers,nutritionists,and psychologists with the common purpose of improving functional capacity and quality of life of chronic HF *** activity,lifestyle,and psychological support are core components of a successful CR *** has been shown to be beneficial in all ejection fraction categories in HF and most patients,who are stable under medication,are capable of *** individualized exercise prescription should be developed on the basis of a baseline evaluation in all *** main modalities of exercise training are aerobic exercise and muscle strength training of different intensity and *** is important to set the appropriate clinical outcomes from the beginning,in order to assess the effectiveness of a CR *** are still significant limitations that prevent patients from participating in these programs and need to be solved.A significant limitation is the generally low quality of research in CR and the presence of negative trials,such as the rehabilitation after myocardial infarction trial,where comprehensive rehabilitation following myocardial infraction had no important effect on mortality,morbidity,risk factors,or health-related quality of life or *** the present editorial,we present all the updated knowledge and recommendations in CR programs.

关键词： Cardiac rehabilitation Heart failure Outcomes exercise protocols Prescription Future perspectives Limitations

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evaluating implicit gender bias at Canadian otolaryngology meetings through use of professional title

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 12-17页

作者： Kylen Van Osch Agnieszka Dzioba Khadija Ahmed andrew MacDonald Jamila Skinner Harley Williams Julie e.Strychowsky M.elise Graham Department of Otolaryngology-Head&Neck Surgery Schulich School of Medicine&DentistryWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada Department of Otolaryngology London Health Sciences Centre Children's HospitalLondonOntarioCanada Faculty of Medicine Schulich School of Medicine&DentistryWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada

Objectives:Increasing numbers of women enter medical school *** number of female physicians in leadership positions has been much slower to *** are also well‐documented differences in the treatment of women as compared to men in professional *** presenters are less likely to be introduced by their professional title(“Doctor”)for grand rounds and conferences,especially with a man performing the *** study reviewed the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery(CSOHNS)meetings from 2017 to 2020 to determine the proportion of presenters introduced by their professional title and whether this varied by ***:Recordings from CSOHNS meetings were reviewed and coded for introducer and presenter demographics,including leadership positions and ***‐squared tests of proportion and multivariate logistic regression was used to compare genders and identify factors associated with professional versus unprofessional forms of ***:No significant association was found between professional title use and introducer or presenter *** presenters were introduced with professional title 69.6%of the time,while male presenters were introduced with professional title 67.6%of the time(P=0.69).Residents were introduced with a professional title with the most frequency(75.8%),while attending staff were introduced with a professional title with the least frequency(63.0%)(P=0.02).Conclusions:The lack of gender bias in speaker introductions at recent CSOHNS meetings demonstrates progress in achieving gender equity in *** efforts should continue to define additional forms of unconscious bias that may be contributing to gender inequity in leadership positions.

关键词： attitude of health personnel gender identity Otolaryngology women

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Recent advances in the diagnostic methods and therapeutic strategies of transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第7期16卷 370-379页

作者： Christos Kourek Alexandros Briasoulis Dimitrios e Magouliotis Panagiotis Georgoulias Grigorios Giamouzis Filippos Triposkiadis John Skoularigis andrew Xanthopoulos Clinical ergospirometry Exercise and Rehabilitation Laboratory1^(st)Critical Care Medicine DepartmentEvangelismos HospitalNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 10676Greece Department of Clinical Therapeutics Alexandra HospitalFaculty of MedicineNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11528Greece Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery University of ThessalyLarissa BiopolisLarissa 41110Greece Department of Nuclear Medicine University Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41110Greece Department of Cardiology School of MedicineUniversity Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41110Greece

Cardiac amyloidosis is a progressive disease characterized by the buildup of amyloid fibrils in the extracellular space of the *** is divided in 2 main types,immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis and transthyretin amyloidosis(ATTR),and ATTR amyloidosis is further divided in 2 subtypes,non-hereditary wild type ATTR and hereditary mutant variant *** and prevalence of ATTR cardiac amyloidosis is increasing over the last years due to the improvements in diagnostic *** rates are improving due to the development of novel therapeutic *** is the only disease-modifying approved therapy in ATTR amyloidosis so ***,the most recent advances in medical therapies have added more options with the potential to become part of the therapeutic armamentarium of the *** including acoramidis,eplontersen,vutrisiran,patisiran and anti-monoclonal antibody NI006 are being investigated on cardiac function in large,multicenter controlled trials which are expected to be completed within the next 2-3 years,providing promising results in patients with ATTR cardiac ***,further and ongoing research is required in order to improve diagnostic methods that could provide an early diagnosis,as well as survival and quality of life of these patients.

关键词： Transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis Tafamidis Acoramidis eplontersen Vutrisiran Patisiran

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Light correcting light with nonlinear optics

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第2期6卷 41-49页

作者： Sachleen Singh Bereneice Sephton Wagner Tavares Buono Vincenzo D'Ambrosio Thomas Konrad andrew Forbes University of the Witwatersrand School of Physics Università degli studi di Napoli “Federico Ⅱ” Dipartimento di Fisica “E.Pancini” University of Kwa Zulu-Natal School of Chemistry and Physics

Structured light, where complex optical fields are tailored in all their degrees of freedom, has become highly topical of late, advanced by a sophisticated toolkit comprising both linear and nonlinear *** undesired structure from light is far less developed, leveraging mostly on inverting the distortion,e.g., with adaptive optics or the inverse transmission matrix of a complex channel, both requiring that the distortion be fully characterized through appropriate measurement. We show that distortions in spatially structured light can be corrected through difference-frequency generation in a nonlinear crystal without any need for the distortion to be known. We demonstrate the versatility of our approach using a wide range of aberrations and structured light modes, including higher-order orbital angular momentum(OAM) beams,showing excellent recovery of the original undistorted field. To highlight the efficacy of this process, we deploy the system in a prepare-and-measure communications link with OAM, showing minimal cross talk even when the transmission channel is highly aberrated, and outline how the approach could be extended to alternative experimental modalities and nonlinear processes. Our demonstration of light-correcting light without the need for measurement opens an approach to measurement-free error correction for classical and quantum structured light, with direct applications in imaging, sensing, and communication.

关键词： phase conjugation aberration correction orbital angular momentum nonlinear optics

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Aboveground carbon sequestration of Cunninghamia lanceolata forests:Magnitude and drivers

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Forest ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 32-41页

作者： Chen Wang Shuguang Liu Yu Zhu andrew R.Smith Ying Ning Deming Deng National engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry&ecology in South China Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China Technology Innovation Center for ecological Conservation and Restoration in Dongting Lake Basin Ministry of Natural ResourcesChangsha 410007China College of Life Science and Technology Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China School of ecology and environment Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityGwyneddLL572UWUK College of Forestry Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China Hunan Prospecting Designing&Research General Institute for Agriculture Forestry&IndustryChangsha 410007China

Understanding the spatial variation,temporal changes,and their underlying driving forces of carbon sequestration in various forests is of great importance for understanding the carbon cycle and carbon management *** carbon density and sequestration in various Cunninghamia lanceolata forests,extensively cultivated for timber production in subtropical China,vary with biodiversity,forest structure,environment,and cultural factors remain poorly explored,presenting a critical knowledge gap for realizing carbon sequestration supply potential through *** on a large-scale database of 449 permanent forest inventory plots,we quantified the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of aboveground carbon densities and carbon accumulation rates in Cunninghamia lanceolate forests in Hunan Province,China,and attributed the contributions of stand structure,environmental,and management factors to the heterogeneity using quantile age-sequence analysis,partial least squares path modeling(PLS-PM),and hot-spot *** results showed lower values of carbon density and sequestration on average,in comparison with other forests in the same climate zone(i.e.,subtropics),with pronounced spatial and temporal ***,quantile regression analysis using carbon accumulation rates along an age sequence showed large differences in carbon sequestration rates among underperformed and outperformed forests(0.50 and 1.80 Mg·ha^(-1)·yr^(-1)).PLS-PM demonstrated that maximum DBH and stand density were the main crucial drivers of aboveground carbon density from young to mature ***,species diversity and geotopographic factors were the significant factors causing the large discrepancy in aboveground carbon density change between low-and high-carbon-bearing *** analysis revealed the importance of culture attributes in shaping the geospatial patterns of carbon *** work highlighted that retaining largesized DBH trees and increasing shade-t

关键词： Carbon density Carbon accumulation rate Forest age Spatial variation Cultural influence

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Dynamics of self-hybridized exciton–polaritons in 2D halide perovskites

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： Surendra B.Anantharaman Jason Lynch Christopher e.Stevens Christopher Munley Chentao Li Jin Hou Hao Zhang andrew Torma Thomas Darlington Francis Coen Kevin Li Arka Majumdar PJames Schuck Aditya Mohite Hayk Harutyunyan Joshua R.Hendrickson Deep Jariwala Department of electrical and Systems engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA KBR Inc. BeavercreekOH45431USA Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors DirectorateWright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433USA Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Department of Physics Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Applied Physics Program Smalley‐Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Mechanical engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA Department of electrical and Computer engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

excitons,bound electron–hole pairs,in two-dimensional hybrid organic inorganic perovskites(2D HOIPs)are capable of forming hybrid light-matter states known as exciton-polaritons(e–Ps)when the excitonic medium is confined in an optical *** the case of 2D HOIPs,they can self-hybridize into e–Ps at specific thicknesses of the HOIP crystals that form a resonant optical cavity with the ***,the fundamental properties of these self-hybridized e–Ps in 2D HOIPs,including their role in ultrafast energy and/or charge transfer at interfaces,remain ***,we demonstrate that>0.5µm thick 2D HOIP crystals on Au substrates are capable of supporting multiple-orders of self-hybridized e–P *** e–Ps have high Q factors(>100)and modulate the optical dispersion for the crystal to enhance sub-gap absorption and *** varying excitation energy and ultrafast measurements,we also confirm energy transfer from higher energy e–Ps to lower energy e–***,we also demonstrate that e–Ps are capable of charge transport and transfer at *** findings provide new insights into charge and energy transfer in e–Ps opening new opportunities towards their manipulation for polaritonic devices.

关键词： charge polar excitation

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Correction to:Advancing the Disaster and Development Paradigm

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第1期15卷 178-178页

作者： andrew e.Collins Department of Geography and environmental Sciences/Disaster and Development Network(DDN) Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE18STUK

Correction to:International Journal of Disaster Risk Science(2018)9:486–495 https://***/10.1007/s13753-018-0206-5 In this article the reference to Lewis(2012)was incorrect;it should have read Lewis and Kelman(2012),with the following details:Lewis,J.,and *** good,the bad and the ugly:Disaster Risk Reduction(DRR)versus Disaster Risk Creation(DRC).PLoS Currents:***://***/10.1371/4f8d4eaec6af8.

关键词： details Creation Lewis

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Simplified seismic scenario analysis of existing masonry buildings accounting for local site effects

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil engineering 2024年第2期18卷 309-318页

作者： Ayşe e.ÖZSOYÖZBAY Işıl SANRI KARAPINAR Zehra N.KUTLU İsmail e.KILIÇ Department of Civil engineering Maltepe UniversityIstanbul 34857Turkey School of engineering and Construction Oryx Universal CollegeDoha 12253Qatar

This study discusses the effects of local sites and hazard amplification on the seismic vulnerability assessment of existing masonry *** this context,a rapid seismic evaluation procedure was implemented on an old masonry building stock in the historical center Galata,located inİstanbul,to determine the seismic risk priority of the built *** scenarios were generated for all soil classes,different moment magnitudes,and source-to-site distances to obtain more accurate results for the seismic vulnerability assessment of the studied building ***,damage distributions estimated under nine different scenarios with/without site effects were compared and illustrated in maps to discuss changes in vulnerability owing to amplification *** this study,by re-examining the rapid seismic evaluation procedure by including geo-hazard-based assessment,the importance of site effects on the vulnerability and risk assessment of built heritage was *** proposed framework integrating field data and local site effects is believed to advance the current applications for vulnerability assessment of masonry buildings and provide an improvement in the application of rapid seismic assessment procedures with more reliable results.

关键词： masonry buildings seismic vulnerability assessment cultural heritage local site effect

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CLASSIFICATIONS OF DUPIN HYPeRSURFACeS IN LIe SPHeRe GeOMeTRY

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第1期44卷 1-36页

作者： Thomas e.CeCIL Department of Mathematics and Computer Science College of the Holy CrossWorcesterMA01610USA

This is a survey of local and global classification results concerning Dupin hypersurfaces in S^(n)(or R^(n))that have been obtained in the context of Lie sphere *** emphasis is on results that relate Dupin hypersurfaces to isoparametric hypersurfaces in *** with these classification results,many important concepts from Lie sphere geometry,such as curvature spheres,Lie curvatures,and Legendre lifts of submanifolds of S^(n)(or R^(n)),are described in *** paper also contains several important constructions of Dupin hypersurfaces with certain special properties.

关键词： Dupin hypersurfaces isoparametric hypersurfaces Lie sphere geometry Lie sphere transformations Lie curvatures

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