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Transdermal delivery of 4-aminopyridine accelerates motor functional recovery and improves nerve morphology following sciatic nerve crush injury in mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第1期15卷 136-144页

作者： andrew Rclark Chia George Hsu M A Hassan Talukder Mark Noble John CElfar Center for Orthopaedic Research and Translational Science Penn State Hershey College of MedicineMilton S.Hershey Medical CenterHersheyPAUSA Department of Orthopaedics The University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA Department of Medicine Aab Cardiovascular Research InstituteUniversity of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNYUSA Department of Biomedical Genetics The University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA

Oral 4-aminopyridine(4-AP)is clinically used for symptomatic relief in multiple sclerosis and we recently demonstrated that systemic 4-AP had previously unknown clinically-relevant effects after traumatic peripheral nerve injury including the promotion of re-myelination,improvement of nerve conductivity,and acceleration of functional *** hypothesized that,instead of oral or injection administration,transdermal 4-AP(TD-4-AP)could also improve functional recovery after traumatic peripheral nerve *** with surgical traumatic peripheral nerve injury received TD-4AP or vehicle alone and were examined for skin permeability,pharmacokinetics,functional,electrophysiological,and nerve morphological properties.4-AP showed linear pharmacokinetics and the maximum plasma 4-AP concentrations were proportional to TD-4-AP *** a single dose of TD-4-AP administration demonstrated rapid transient improvement in motor function,chronic TD-4-AP treatment significantly improved motor function and nerve conduction and these effects were associated with fewer degenerating axons and thicker myelin sheaths than those from vehicle *** findings provide direct evidence for the potential transdermal applicability of 4-AP and demonstrate that 4-AP delivered through the skin can enhance in-vivo functional recovery and nerve conduction while decreasing axonal *** animal experiments were approved by the University Committee on Animal Research(UCAR)at the University of Rochester(UCAR-2009-019)on March 31,2017.

关键词： 4-aminopyridine electron microscopy functional recovery nerve conduction velocity peripheral nerve injury pharmacokinetics transdermal administration

石榴石Lu-Hf、原位独居石U-Pb定年对多期变形的时代制约--以北祁连托勒牧场为例

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岩石学报 2015年第12期31卷 3755-3768页

作者：曹汇丛源李广旭许翠萍 Jeff VERVOORT andrew KYLANDER-clark 大陆构造与动力学国家重点实验室、中国地质科学院地质研究所北京100037 中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所北京100037 美国华盛顿州立大学普尔曼WA99163 美国加州大学圣巴巴拉分校圣巴巴拉CA93106

多期变质变形事件的精确年代限定是造山构造年代学研究的热点问题之一。本文尝试运用面理弯切轴测量技术,结合石榴石Lu-Hf和原位独居石U-Pb定年,厘定北祁连托勒牧场地区石榴石和斜长石斑晶记录的两期构造变形事件:石榴石斑晶生长记录的... 详细信息

多期变质变形事件的精确年代限定是造山构造年代学研究的热点问题之一。本文尝试运用面理弯切轴测量技术,结合石榴石Lu-Hf和原位独居石U-Pb定年,厘定北祁连托勒牧场地区石榴石和斜长石斑晶记录的两期构造变形事件:石榴石斑晶生长记录的早期构造变形事件年代为512.3±2.7Ma;斜长石斑晶生长记录的晚期构造变形事件年代不早于481.0±2.3Ma,并推断该期构造变形水平挤压主应力方向为北东-南西。斜长石斑晶内未发现独居石,用于年代学测试的独居石颗粒均位于斜长石斑晶外基质中。显微构造分析认为,独居石生长不早于斜长石斑晶。481.0±2.3Ma的独居石U-Pb年龄,应为斜长石斑晶所记录构造变形的时代下限。结合前人锆石U-Pb定年和Hf同位素研究结果分析认为,获得的512.3±2.7Ma石榴石-全岩Lu-Hf等时线年龄,代表了祁连洋俯冲过程中石榴石的生长时间,后期变质变形作用未对石榴石的Lu-Hf同位素体系产生明显影响。结合显微构造分析,石榴石Lu-Hf定年可为早期构造变形提供有效年代学制约。

关键词：多期变形石榴石Lu-Hf 独居石U-Pb定年北祁连托勒牧场

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默多克承认推迟在线内容收费计划

英语沙龙（高中） 2011年第8期 32-33页

作者： andrew clark 不详

传媒业大亨默多克发现，向浏览他旗下的各大报纸网站读者收费看起来要比他预期的难得多．这也导致他明年6月份无法实现推广所谓的“付费墙”计划的目标。默多克在不久前终于承认，他先前制定的有关他旗下包括英国《太阳报》、《泰晤士... 详细信息

传媒业大亨默多克发现，向浏览他旗下的各大报纸网站读者收费看起来要比他预期的难得多．这也导致他明年6月份无法实现推广所谓的“付费墙”计划的目标。默多克在不久前终于承认，他先前制定的有关他旗下包括英国《太阳报》、《泰晤士报》、美国《纽约邮报》等报章的在线内容收费的计划被迫推迟。

关键词：收费计划默多克内容在线《泰晤士报》《纽约邮报》《太阳报》报纸网站

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通用汽车宣布破产

英语沙龙（高中） 2009年第8期 16-18页

作者： andrew clark 佚名

通用汽车，这个曾经是美国超凡技术象征的汽车制造业巨头，已经宣布破产。过去四年，通用累积欠债达810亿美元，190亿美元的政府紧急援助也没能挽回它破产的命运。重组之后的通用汽车是否还会重振雄风呢？让我们拭目以待。

关键词：通用汽车破产汽车制造业美元欠债

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肥胖矛盾：权衡利弊

中华高血压杂志 2010年第6期18卷 596-597页

作者： Wolfram Doehner andrew clark Stefan D.Anker 张刘锋

肥胖给医疗和社会经济带来了沉重的负担,世界卫生组织(World Health Organization，WHO)已经把肥胖作为最明显可见,但同时也是最容易被忽视的公共卫生问题之一.事实上,体质量增加已经被确认是许多疾病的危险因素,包括心血管疾病、代谢... 详细信息

肥胖给医疗和社会经济带来了沉重的负担,世界卫生组织(World Health Organization，WHO)已经把肥胖作为最明显可见,但同时也是最容易被忽视的公共卫生问题之一.事实上,体质量增加已经被确认是许多疾病的危险因素,包括心血管疾病、代谢性疾病和骨科疾病.

关键词：肥胖心血管疾病权衡世界卫生组织公共卫生问题体质量增加代谢性疾病危险因素

Anticlockwise metamorphic paths at ca.890–790 Ma from the NE Baidrag block,Mongolia,indicate back-arc compression at the Rodinia periphery

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第2期14卷 154-181页

作者： PavlaŠtípská Vít Peresty Igor Soejono Karel Schulmann RCandrew Kylander-clark Carmen Aguilar Stephen Collett Martin Racek Jitka Míková Otgonbaatar Dorjsuren Nikol Novotná Czech Geological Survey 11821 Praha 1Czech Republic Institute of Petrology and Structural Geology Charles University in PragueAlbertov 6Praha 212800Czech Republic Institut Terre et Environnement de Strasbourg UMR 7063 Universitéde Strasbourg-CNRS1 Rue Blessig67084 StrasbourgCedexFrance Department of Earth Science University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106United States Department of Mineralogy Petrology and Applied GeologyFaculty of Earth ScienceUniversity of Barcelona08028 BarcelonaSpain Institute of Geology Mongolian Academy of SciencesLabor Union StreetSonginokhairkhan DistrictUlaanbaatar 18080Mongolia

The processes leading to the assembly of the Rodinia supercontinent through Grenvillian collisional orogeny are relatively well *** contrast,accretionary orogenic processes occurring at the supercontinent periphery following Rodinia assembly are poorly *** fill this gap,we have identified metamorphic rocks in the Mongolia collage of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt,where numerous data testify for Meso-to Neoproterozoic magmatic *** tectono-metamorphic evolution of the periSiberian tract of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt is mainly characterized by the late Proterozoic–early Cambrian(Baikalian)***,we document here a Tonian age metamorphism at the northern part of the Precambrian Baidrag block,previously considered as a typical example of the Baikalian metamorphic *** study incorporates zircon and in-situ monazite geochronology linked to P-T modelling of Grt-Sil-Ky migmatite gneiss and Grt-St ***-Sil-Ky gneiss records initial burial to the sillimanite stability field at 720℃ and 6.0 kbar followed by further burial to the kyanite stability field at 750℃ and 9 kbar and decompression to 650℃ and 8 *** Grt-St schist records initial burial to the staurolite stability field at 620℃ and 6 kbar,followed by further burial to 590℃ and 8.5 *** monazite data yield a continuum of ^(207)Pb-corrected ^(238)U/^(206)Pb dates of ca.926–768 Ma in the Grt-Sil-Ky gneiss,and ca.937–754 Ma in the Grt-St *** on monazite textural positon,internal zoning,and REE patterns,the time of prograde burial to 6.0 kbar under a thermal gradient of 27–32℃/km is estimated at ca.890–853 *** is not clear whether such high-grade conditions prevailed until a phase of further burial under a geothermal gradient of 18–22℃/km dated at ca.835–815 *** late monazite recrystallization at ca.790 Ma is related to ***,monazite with dates of ca.568–515 Ma occur as whole grains or as rims with sharp boundaries on Tonian monaz

关键词： Central Asian Orogenic Belt Grenvillian-age metamorphism Monazite in-situ U-Pb dating Monazite REE composition Zircon U-Pb dating Thermodynamic modelling

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互联网会侵蚀你的大脑吗？

英语学习 2015年第1期 20-22页

作者： andrew clark 莘绮祝平

这是一个科技改变大脑的时代。互联网的大量使用会对我们的大脑进行重塑。我们的思维方式、阅读习惯以及记忆能力都在逐渐被改变。智能手机和PC终端正在慢慢地干扰和影响着我们的注意力，我们是否正在慢慢丧失本有的思维方式，而变得越... 详细信息

这是一个科技改变大脑的时代。互联网的大量使用会对我们的大脑进行重塑。我们的思维方式、阅读习惯以及记忆能力都在逐渐被改变。智能手机和PC终端正在慢慢地干扰和影响着我们的注意力，我们是否正在慢慢丧失本有的思维方式，而变得越来越浅薄？部分行业研究学者甚至将该问题与气候恶化的严重性相提并论。

关键词：互联网大脑侵蚀思维方式记忆能力阅读习惯智能手机行业研究

Catheter-based intervention for symptomatic patient with severe mitral regurgitation and very poor left ventricular systolic function-Safe but no room for complacency

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World Journal of Cardiology 2015年第11期7卷 817-821页

作者： Poay Huan Loh Christos V Bourantas Pak Hei Chan Nikolaj Ihlemann Fin Gustafsson andrew L clark Susanna Price Carlo Di Mario Neil Moat Farqad Alamgir Rodrigo Estevez-Loureiro Lars SΦndergaard Olaf Franzen National University Heart Center Singapore University College London Cardiology Division Department of MedicineQueen Mary Hospitalthe University of Hong Kong Department of Cardiology Rigshospitalet University Hospital Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust NIHR Cardiovascular BRU Royal Brompton Hospital and Imperial College King Abdulaziz Medical Center Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Leon Klinik Im Park

Many patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction have concomitant mitral regurgitation(MR). Their symptoms and prognosis worsen with increasing severity of MR. Percutaneous Mitra Clip® can be used safely to reduce the severity of MR even in patients with advanced heart failure and is associated with improved symptoms, quality of life and exercise tolerance. However, a few patients with very poor left ventricular systolic function may experience significant haemodynamic disturbance in the peri-procedural period. We present three such patients, highlighting some of the potential problems encountered and discuss their possible pathophysiological mechanisms and safety measures.

关键词： Mitral regurgitation Mitral valve Left ventricular systolic dysfunction Chronic heart failure MitraClip Percutaneous

乙型肝炎表面抗原作为肿瘤免疫攻击靶点的研究

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乙型肝炎表面抗原作为肿瘤免疫攻击靶点的研究