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Dietary fibre basics: Health, nutrition, analysis, and applications

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Food Quality and Safety 2017年第1期1卷 47-59页

作者： yao Olive Li andrew R.Komarek Department of Human Nutrition and Food Science California State Polytechnic UniversityPomona ANKOMTechnology Corporation MacedonNew YorkUSA

Over the past decades,dietary fibre(DF)has been well studied with abundant evidence on its health *** in nutritional studies always lead the way followed by the food *** scientists and technologists then explored the applications of DF in a variety of food products through examination and utilization of fibres from various conventional and uncommon sources including agro-food processing ***,the current intake levels of fibre and fibrerich foods are still far below recommended values in most nations *** addition,research is needed to substantiate different mechanistic effects of intrinsic,intact fibres presented originally in the food matrix and the isolated,refined fibre added back to the novel food *** quantification methods for DF are needed for various reasons including broad range of sources,complicated chemical structures,and ever-changing definitions from various regulatory *** the other hand,there are more consumer demands for clean labels or precise information on daily values(DV%),alongside more restricted regulations for certain nutritional claims such as‘high fibre’.It is clear that all these demands create a practical pressure on professionals working in the food industry,particularly at quality assurance(QA)positions,on how to obtain reliable data from DF analysis to meet regulatory and labelling ***,with the most recent Codex definition and advanced instruments that are capable to automate the analytical procedures and produce consistent results,it is foreseeable that global harmonization on DF studies can be ***,advanced processing technologies such as dry fractionation,enzymatic conversion,and micronization present promising opportunities for R&D professionals to advance the DF utilization and applications in functional food development.

关键词： dietary fibre health benefits technological functionality fibre-mineral interaction fibre analysis label claims and regulations

Re-evaluating the role of epithelial-mesenchymal-transition in cancer progression

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2018年第2期32卷 81-90页

作者： andrew Sulaiman Zemin yao Lisheng Wang Department of Biochemistry Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of Medicine University of Ottawa china-Canada Centre of Research for Digestive Diseases Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology University of Ottawa Regenerative Medicine Program Ottawa Hospital Research Institute

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition（EMT） and mesenchymal-epithelial transition（MET） are essential for embryonic development and also important in cancer progression. In a conventional model, epithelial-like cancer cells transit to mesenchymal-like tumor cells with great motility via EMT transcription factors; these mesenchymallike cells migrate through the circulation system, relocate to a suitable site and then convert back to an epithelial-like phenotype to regenerate the tumor. However, recent findings challenge this conventional model and support the existence of a stable hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal（E/M） tumor population. Hybrid E/M tumor cells exhibit both epithelial and mesenchymal properties, possess great metastatic and tumorigenic capacity and are associated with poorer patient prognosis. The hybrid E/M model and associated regulatory networks represent a conceptual change regarding tumor metastasis and organ colonization. It may lead to the development of novel treatment strategies to ultimately stop cancer progression and improve disease-free survival.

关键词： Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) mesenchymal-epithelial transition(MET) hybrid EMT/MET cancer metastasis

Coordinated regulation of plant immunity by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and K63-linked ubiquitination

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Molecular Plant 2021年第12期14卷 2088-2103页

作者： Dongsheng yao Marcus A.Arguez Ping He andrew F.Bent Junqi Song Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center at Dallas Texas A&M University SystemDallasTX 75252USA Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Plant Pathology University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation(PARylation)is a posttranslational modification reversibly catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases(PARPs)and poly(ADP-ribose)glycohydrolases(PARGs)and plays a key role in multi-ple cellular *** molecular mechanisms by which PARylation regulates innate immunity remain largely unknown in *** we show that Arabidopsis UBC13A and UBC13B,the major drivers of lysine 63(K63)-linked polyubiquitination,directly interact with PARPs/*** of pathogen-associated molecular pattern(PAMP)-triggered immunity promotes these interactions and enhances PARylation of *** parp1 parp2 and ubc13a ubc13b mutants are compromised in immune responses with increased accumulation of total pathogenesis-related(PR)proteins but decreased accu-mulation of secreted PR *** disulfide-isomerases(PDIs),essential components of endo-plasmic reticulum quality control(ERQC)that ensure proper folding and maturation of proteins destined for secretion,complex with PARPs/PARGs and are PARylated upon PAMP ***,PARylation of UBC13 regulates K63-linked ubiquitination of PDIs,which may further promote their disulfide isomerase activities for correct protein folding and subsequent *** together,these results indicate that plant immunity is coordinately regulated by PARylation and K63-linked ubiquitination.

关键词： UBC13 PARP1 PARP2 PDI poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation K63-linked ubiquitination secretory pathway PAMP-triggered immunity systemic acquired resistance

Characteristics of Stellite 6 Deposited by Supersonic Laser Deposition Under Optimized Parameters

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2013年第2期20卷 52-57页

作者： LUO Fang Lupoi Rocco Cockburn andrew Sparkes Martin O'neill William yao Jian-hua College of Zhijiang Zhejiang University of Technology College of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Trinity College Dublin Institute for Manufacturing Department of EngineeringUniversity of Cambridge

Stellite 6 powders were deposited on low carbon steel using SLD （supersonic laser deposition） under optimized parameters. The structure, line scan of elements and porosity of coating were examined and analyzed using SEM （scanning electron microscope）, OM （optical microscope） and XRD （X-ray diffraction）. The adhesion strength between coating and substrate was tested by PAT-ADHESION/TENSILE and E900STM adhesive. The results showed the deposition characteristics of optimized coating with N2 at a pressure of 3.0 MPa, a temperature of 450 ℃ and a laser power of 1.5 kW were compared with those of Stellite 6 coating deposited by the HVOF （high velocity oxygen fuel）.

关键词： Stellite 6 supersonic laser deposition deposition characteristic HVOF

One-step nanoarchitectonics of a multiple functional hydrogel based on cellulose nanocrystals for effective tumor therapy

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Nano Research 2022年第9期15卷 8636-8647页

作者： Tianxing Chen Tengteng yao Hui Pan Hui Peng andrewKWhittaker yao Li Shenmin Zhu Zhaoyang Wang State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai Tenth People’s HospitalTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

Hypoxia is a huge barrier for the development of photodynamic therapy(PDT).Chemodynamic therapy(CDT)could provide a possible solution to this *** this work,a controlled Schiff-base reaction was conducted between amido groups on the surface of carbon dots(CDs)and aldehyde groups on aldehyde-modified cellulose nanocrystals(mCNCs)as well as aldehydemCNCs decorated with Fe_(3)O_(4)*** this process,the mCNCs not only prevent the agglomeration of Fe_(3)O_(4)but also form hydrogels with *** CDs act as both photothermal agent and *** hypoxia could be effectively relieved through the Fenton reaction due to the addition of Fe_(3)O_(4),and the·OH produced in the reaction further induces CDT and enhances tumor therapy *** therapy performance was further verified through in vitro cell experiments and in vivo animal *** convenient method provides inspirations for the design and preparation of advanced biomaterials with multiple functions for cancer therapy.

关键词： injectable hydrogel tumor therapy carbon dots cellulose nanocrystals magnetic nanoparticles

Field report:Research along the Yarlung Suture Zone in Southern Tibet,a persistent geological frontier

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第2期9卷 591-594页

作者： andrew K.Laskowski Lin Ding Fu-Long Cai yao-Fei Chen Song-Lin He Department of Earth Sciences Montana State UniversityBozemanMTUSA Key Laboratory of Continental Collision and Plateau Uplift Institute of Tibetan Plateau Researchand Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

The Yarlung Suture Zone in Southern Tibet marks the boundary between India and Asia-formerly separated by an ocean basin-and is a critical record of the tectonic processes that created the Tibetan Plateau. The Yarlung Suture Zone is also a frontier research area, as difficulty of access has limited research activity, providing ample opportunities for new discoveries. This paper documents field research conducted by the authors along the Yarlung suture zone in eastern Xigaze(Shigatse, Rikaze)County, ~250 km west of the city of Lhasa, in July 2017. The goal of this research was to map the Suture Zone structure in detail, and more specifically to understand the branching relationships between two major fault systems-the Great Counter Thrust and Gangdese Thrust. A summary of early geological exploration is included to provide context for this research.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Himalaya Field work Structural geology Suture zone HP metamorphism UHP metamorphism History of geology

Lesson Learned from COVID-19 Retrospective Study: An Entropy-Based Clinical-Interpretable Scorecard for Mortality Risk Control at ICU Admission

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第1期29卷 34-45页

作者： Chong yao Chonghui Huangqi Anpeng Huang Laboratory of Network Information Security Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China andrew and Erna Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AnglesCA 90089USA Beijing Goodwill Information and Technology Co. Ltd.and Mobile Health LaboratoryPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

With severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spreading globally and causing 2019 coronavirus disease(COVID-19),a challenge that we unprepared for was about how to optimally plan and distribute limited top-medical resources for patients in need of urgent *** address this challenge,physicians desperately needed a scientific tool to methodically differentiate between cases with varying *** this study,the unique data of COVID-19 intensive care unit(ICU)patients provided by the national medical team in Wuhan were classified into discrete and continuous variable *** continuous data were discretized using an entropy-based method and transformed into serial information margins,in which each information margin is related to a specific symptom or clinical ***,all these native and processed discrete data were used to configure a readable scorecard through logistic regression,which is the desired scientific tool aforementioned.A total of 322 ICU patients(age:[median:64,interquartile range:54-75],males:178[55.28%],and death:72[22.36%])were included in the *** of mortality in COVID-19 patients can be evaluated using a scorecard model(calibration slope:1.343,Brier:0.048,Dxy=0.972,and population stability index=0.071),with desired model performances(accuracy=0.948,area under curve=0.99,sensitivity=1,and specificity=0.939).This new model can interpret clinical meanings from complex data,and compare it with existing machine learning methods through a black-box *** new data-information model answers a critical question of how a computing algorithm produces clinically meaningful results that will help physicians logically allocate medical resources for COVID-19 ***,this tool has limitations,giving that this research is a retrospective ***,this tool will be tested further and optimized for adaptation to similar clinical cases in the future.

关键词： COVID-19 scorecard clinical-interpretable machine learning ICU admission control

Statistical properties of kinetic-scale magnetic holes in terrestrial space

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2021年第1期5卷 63-72页

作者： ShuTao yao ZongShun Yue QuanQi Shi Alexander William Degeling HuiShan Fu AnMin Tian Hui Zhang andrew Vu RuiLong Guo ZhongHua yao Ji Liu Qiu-Gang Zong XuZhi Zhou JingHuan Li WenYa Li HongQiao Hu YangYang Liu WeiJie Sun Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment Institute of Space SciencesShandong UniversityWeihai Shandong 264209China State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Space and Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Physics Department and Geophysical Institute University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAK99775USA Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Laboratoire de Physique Atmosphérique et Planétaire STAR InstituteUniversitéde LiègeLiègeB-4000Belgium School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China SOA Key Laboratory for Polar Science Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 200136China Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA

Kinetic-scale magnetic holes(KSMHs)are structures characterized by a significant magnetic depression with a length scale on the order of the proton *** structures have been investigated in recent studies in near-Earth space,and found to be closely related to energy conversion and particle acceleration,wave-particle interactions,magnetic reconnection,and turbulence at the ***,there are still several major issues of the KSMHs that need further study—including(a)the source of these structures(locally generated in near-Earth space,or carried by the solar wind),(b)the environmental conditions leading to their generation,and(c)their spatio-temporal *** this study,KSMHs in near-Earth space are investigated statistically using data from the Magnetospheric Multiscale *** 200,000 events were observed from September 2015 to March *** rates of such structures in the solar wind,magnetosheath,and magnetotail were *** find that KSMHs occur in the magnetosheath at rates far above their occurrence in the solar *** indicates that most of the structures are generated locally in the magnetosheath,rather than advected with the solar ***,KSMHs occur in the downstream region of the quasi-parallel shock at rates significantly higher than in the downstream region of the quasi-perpendicular shock,indicating a relationship with the turbulent plasma *** to the magnetopause,we find that the depths of KSMHs decrease as their temporal-scale *** also find that the spatial-scales of the KSMHs near the subsolar magnetosheath are smaller than those in the ***,their global distribution shows a significant dawn-dusk asymmetry(duskside dominating)in the magnetotail.

关键词： kinetic scale magnetic hole magnetic dip electron vortex turbulence

Performance characterization of Ni60-WC coating on steel processed with supersonic laser deposition

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2015年第1期11卷 35-47页

作者： Fang LUO andrew COCKBURN Martin SPARKES Rocco LUPOI Zhi-jun CHEN William O'NEILL Jian-hua yao Rong LIU College of Zhijiang Zhejiang University of Technology Institute for Manufacturing Department of Engineering University of Cambridge Department of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering Trinity College Dublin College of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Carleton University 1125 Colonel By Drive Ottawa Ontario K1S 5B6 Canada

Ni60-WC particles are used to improve the wear resistance of hard-facing steel due to their high hardness. An emerging technology that combines laser with cold spraying to deposit the hard-facing coatings is known as supersonic laser deposition. In this study, Ni60-WC is deposited on low-carbon steel using SLD. The microstructure and performance of the coatings are investigated through SEM, optical microscopy, EDS, XRD, microhardness and pin-on-disc wear tests. The experimental results of the coating processed with the optimal parameters are compared to those of the coating deposited using laser cladding.

关键词： Ni60-WC Supersonic laser deposition Laser cladding Microstructure Wear