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Parameters affecting different acoustic radiation force impulse applications in the diagnosis of fibrotic liver changes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第27期21卷 8425-8432页

作者： Sabrina Galgenmueller Heike Jaeger Wolfgang Kratzer Stefan A Schmidt Suemeyra Oeztuerk Mark M Haenle Richard A mason Tilmann Graeter Department of Internal Medicine I University Hospital Ulm FAScIA Research Division of Neurophysiology Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology University Hospital Ulm Louis Stokes cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical center Cleveland

AIM: To analyze the virtual touch tissue quantification(VTTQ) and virtual touch imaging quantification(VTIQ) techniques, and identify possible factors that may influence VTTQ and VTIQ ***: One hundred and eighty-six(104 women/82 men) of 323 subjects met the inclusion criteria(age > 18 years, no history of chronic or gastrointestinal disease, body-mass index(BMI) c pharmaceuticals, alcohol consumption c lobe, and at 15 mm with only VTIQ in the left hepatic lobe. The examiner acquired six measurements per position, thereby giving 24 measurements in ***: The 95% confidence intervals of mean were1.23-1.29 m/s for VTTQ and 1.29-1.37 m/s, 1.17-1.23 m/s, and 1.48-1.57 m/s for VTIQ in a depth of 15 mm and 25 mm in the right hepatic lobe and 15 mm in the left hepatic lobe. Only superficial measurements in the right hepatic lobe with the VTIQ method exhibited an effect of age on shear wave velocity. Measurements acquired using the 6c1 probe with the VTTQ method showed no dependence on BMI. By comparison, BMI influenced measurements taken with the VTIQ method using the 9L4 probe in the superficial and deep areas of the right hepatic lobe, as well as in the left hepatic lobe(P = 0.0160, P = 0.0019, P = 0.0173, respectively). Gender influenced measurements at depths of 50 mm with VTTQ and 25 mm with VTIQ in the right hepatic lobe(P = 0.0001, P = 0.0269). Significant differences were found between measurements with the 6c1(VTTQ) and 9L4 probes(VTIQ)(P = 0.0067), between superficial and deep measurements(P cONcLUSION: Measurements in the right lobe and deep regions are preferable. Gender differences must b

关键词： Acoustic radiation force impulse Elasticityimaging techniques Liver Reference standards Virtualtouch imaging and quantification Virtual touch tissuequantification Ultrasonography

Myth and Momentum: A critique of Environmental Impact Assessments

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第8期4卷 72-77页

作者： andrew J. Wright Sarah J. Dolman Michael Jasny E. c. M. Parsons Doris Schiedek Sharon B. Young 1Department of Bioscience Aarhus University Roskilde Denmark 2Department of Environmental Science and Policy George Mason University Fairfax USA Department of Bioscience Aarhus University Roskilde Denmark Department of Environmental Science and Policy George Mason University Fairfax USA Natural Resources Defense council Vancouver Canada The Humane Society of the United States Washington USA. Whale and Dolphin conservation Chippenham UK

Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) are designed to evaluate all reasonably foreseeable environmental consequences of human activities. Appropriate governmental scientists traditionally produced EIAs for management agencies in many countries. However, many EIAs are now contracted out, often to the lowest bidder without due consideration of expertise. Others suffer from limited agency resources. consequently, many EIAs have become insufficiently researched documents that draw heavily from previous EIAs while being rushed to completion to meet legislative deadlines or avoid delaying projects. Habitual treatment of topics often ignores recent scientific literature, perpetuating previous misconceptions and analytical flaws. common problems in EIAs discussing wildlife include: a focus on lethal takes, with little consideration of non-lethal impacts or habitat degradation;a general dismissal of the possibility that non-significant (to the resource) impacts can, when combined, become significant;and the assumption that behavioral habituation in animals represents an end of impact. Incentive to break the cycle is somewhat lacking in this now often commercially competitive environment, where contracts are increasingly awarded by industry, generating potential conflict of interest. We believe investment in thorough, impartially written, scientifically-based and up-to-date EIAs is important for appropriately representing and managing ecosystems and their resources and avoiding potentially expensive litigation.

关键词： Policy Management Environmental Impact Assessment Errors cumulative Impact Assessment

Green Marketing and Renewable Energy： Evidence on Motivations and Behaviour in the Aquacultural Market

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chinese Business Review 2011年第12期10卷 1111-1130页

作者： Rodolfo Ballestrazzi Michela c. mason Federico Nassivera University of Udine Udine Italy

The purpose of this paper falls within the theoretical framework of green marketing. It investigates the relationships that exist between the motives relating to aquacultural products marketed under the private label of a traditional retailer (coop), the attitude towards their purchase, the perception of their quality, their reliability and the willingness to pay for them. Particular importance is given to the green motives, those that lead to a preference for a product made with specific renewable energies such as biogas. The structural equation models (SEM) technique is used to develop propositions representing a theoretical approach to the integration of green marketing, in the context of the process for purchasing coop brand fish. With regard to distinguishing between the motives, we referred to the approach that sets out three different types of motive: clean, green and ethical. The resulting managerial implications make it possible to assess how much the different types of motive influence the choices of the consumers. Managers will benefit from the results of this paper by understanding better the benefits for consumers of aquacultural products from renewable energy such as biogas. The originality of the paper lies in its focusing on green purchase behaviour in a poorly investigated sector such as that of fish breeding. The paper contributes to an understanding of the factors that influence environmentally responsible purchase behaviour and their exact relationships, that are still unclear in literature. The fact that environmental issues and concerns are constantly changing implies that ongoing research into their influence on consumer behaviour is essential.

关键词：水产养殖产品可再生能源绿色营销购买行为证据市场结构方程模型品牌销售

Evaluation of ambient mass spectrometry tools for assessing inherent postharvest pepper quality

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 2252-2259页

作者： Tyler J.mason Harmonie M.Bettenhausen Jacqueline M.chaparro Mark E.Uchanski Jessica E.Prenni Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80524USA

Horticulturists are interested in evaluating how cultivar,environment,or production system inputs can affect postharvest *** mass spectrometry approaches enable analysis of minimally processed samples under ambient conditions and offer an attractive high-throughput alternative for assessing quality characteristics in plant ***,we evaluate direct analysis in real time(DART-MS)mass spectrometry and rapid evaporative ionization-mass spectrometry(REIMS)to assess quality characteristics in various pepper(capsicum annuum L.)***-MS exhibited the ability to discriminate between pod colors and pungency based on chemical fingerprints,while REIMS could distinguish pepper market class(e.g.,bell,lunchbox,and popper).Furthermore,DART-MS analysis resulted in the putative detection of important bioactive compounds in human diet such as vitamin c,p-coumaric acid,and *** results of this study demonstrate the potential for these approaches as accessible and reliable tools for high throughput screening of pepper quality.

关键词： cultivar pepper ambient

Long-term survival and prognostic implications of chinese type 2 diabetic patients with coronary artery disease after coronary artery bypass grafting

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Health 2009年第3期1卷 139-145页

作者： Ming c Hsiung Tao-Hsin Tung chung-Yi chang Yi-cheng chuang Kuo-chen Lee Sung-How Sue Yi-Pen chou Richard Hsiung chien-Ming Huang chang-chyi Lin Wei-Hsian Yin mason S Young Jeng Wei 不详

This study was conducted to determine the sur-vival rates of type 2 diabetic patients after coro-nary artery bypass grafting (cABG) surgery, and the prognostic factors related to all-cause mor-tality during a 7-year follow-up. The medical re-cords of 816 type 2 diabetic patients who un-derwent primary, isolated cABG surgery during 1997-2003 were studied. The Kaplan-Meier me- thod and cox regression were used to estimate survival and the independence of prognostic factors associated with all-cause mortality. One hundred and five out of 816 patients expired during the 7-year period. The overall survival rate was 83.5% (95%cI: 78.7-88.3%). Associated prog- nostic factors varied by gender. For males, but not for females, smoking (RR=3.44, 95%cI: 1.01- 11.70), myocardial infarction (RR=4.77, 95% cI: 1.23-18.86), respiratory failure (RR=4.21, 95% cI: 1.48-7.99), cardiogenic shock (RR=12.58, 95% cI: 3.25-20.77), and congestive heart failure (RR= 3.77, 95%cI: 1.10-13.45) were significantly related to all-cause mortality. Older age at sur-gery (RR= 1.15, 95%cI: 1.04-1.27), emergent op-eration (RR= 21.29, 95%cI: 10.03-39.43), pul-monary ede-ma (RR=7.72, 95%cI: 1.89-15.59), and days of IcU stay (RR=1.05, 95%cI: 1.02-1.09) were significant- ly related to all-cause mortality in females only. In conclusion, several gen-der-related differences were noted pertaining to all-cause mortality and its relationship to smok- ing, myocardial infarction, respiratory failure, cardiogenic shock, congestive heart failure, older age at surgery, emergent operation, pul-monary edema, and days of IcU stay.

关键词： coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Gender Difference Prognostic Factors Survival Type 2 Diabetes

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腹裂畸形胎儿选择性早产的随机对照试验研究

世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2006年第4期2卷 44-45页

作者： Logghe H.L. mason G.c. Thornton J.G. Stringer M.D. 刘凯 Department of Paediatric Surgery St. James's University Hospital LS9 7TF Leeds United Kingdom

Background: Elective preterm delivery of the fetus with gastroschisis may help to limit injury to the extruded fetal gut and thus promote faster recovery of neonatal gut function and earlier hospital discharge. This hypothesis has not previously been tested in a prospective randomized controlled trial. Methods: Between May 1995 and September 1999, all women referred to a single tertiary center before 34 weeks’ gestation with a sonographically diagnosed fetal gastroschisis were invited to participate in a randomized controlled trial. Eligible patients were randomized to elective delivery at 36 weeks or to await the onset of spontaneous labor. The method of delivery was not prescribed by the trial. Primary outcome measures in the neonate were the time taken to tolerate full enteral feeding (150 mL/kg per day) and duration of hospital stay. Results: Of 44 eligible women, 42 were randomized, 21 to elective delivery and 21 to await spontaneous labor. There were 20 liveborn infants in each group. Four babies in the elective group and 4 in the spontaneous group delivered before 36 weeks’ gestation but were included in the analysis on an intention-to-treat basis. Mean gestational age at delivery was 35.8 weeks in the elective group and 36.7 weeks in the spontaneous group. Primary closure of the gastroschisis was achieved in a similar proportion (80% - 85% ) of infants in both groups. Two babies in the elective group died from short gut complications. In the survivors, there was a trend in favor of a shorter median time to achieve full enteral feeding (30.5 vs 37.5 days) and a shorter median duration of hospital stay (47.5 vs 53 days) in the elective group, but this was not statistically significant. These findings remained unaltered when the data were reanalyzed after (a) excluding infants with intestinal atresia or (b) excluding infants born before 36 weeks’ gestation. conclusions: Although limited by the small number of patients, this randomized controlled trial demonstra

关键词：腹裂畸形随机对照试验肠管挤压伤周前超声诊断三级医疗自然分娩肠闭锁分娩组短肠综合征

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腹腔镜下结肠直肠外科术式转变的后果

世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第8期2卷 9-10页

作者： Gonzalez R. Smith c. D. mason E. B.J. Ramshaw 纪泛扑(译) 史敏(校) 不详 Mc44 McHaney Hall One Hospital Drive Columbia MO 65212 United States

INTRODUcTION: Laparoscopic procedures converted to open approaches have been associated with higher complication rates than laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy and appendectomy. Laparoscopic colorectal resections have relatively high conversion rates compared with other laparoscopic procedures. This study was designed to evaluate outcomes of conversions compared with laparoscopic and open colorectal resections. METHODS: We reviewed 498 consecutive colorectal resections performed between 1995 and 2002. Procedures were divided into laparoscopic colorectal resections, open colorectal resections, or conversions. Demographics, underlying disease, type of procedure performed, and operative outcomes were compared between groups. RESULTS: Of the 238 laparoscopic procedures performed, 182 were completed laparoscopically and 56 (23 percent) required conversion; 260 were performed open. conversions were associated with greater blood loss (200 (range, 50- 750) vs. 100 (range, 30- 900) ml), longer time to first bowel movement (82 (range, 40- 504) vs. 72 (range, 12- 420) hr), and longer length of stay (6 (range, 2- 67) vs. 5 (range, 2- 62) days) than the laparoscopic colorectal resections group. There was no difference in operative time, transfusion requirements, intraoperative and postoperative complications, or mortality between conversions and laparoscopic colorectal resections. conversions resulted in fewer patients requiring transfusions (4 vs. 14 percent), shorter time to first bowel movement (82 (range, 40- 504) vs. 93 (range, 24- 240) hr), and shorter length of stay (6 (range, 2- 67) vs. 7 (range, - 180) days) than in the open colorectal resections group. There were no differences in complications or mortality between the conversion group and the open colorectal resections group. cONcLUSIONS: Laparoscopic colorectal resections has a relatively high conversion rate; however, the converted cases have outcomes similar to open colorectal resections. In fact, the converted g

关键词：结肠直肠切除术腹腔镜下外科术式腹腔镜胆囊切除术腹腔镜手术开腹胆囊切除术术式转换阑尾切除术开腹手术手术方式

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Positional goods and the challenge of chinese regional inequality

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Economic and Political Studies 2018年第1期6卷 4-10页

作者： John V.c.Nye Department of Economics George Mason UniversityFairfaxVAUSA NRU-Higher Schoolof Economics MoscowRussia

Scholars have focussed on income inequality as a major source of social *** the focus on crude income inequality has masked the deeper developmental problem facing many fast-growing *** is an extreme case of this issue inasmuch as its coastal regions can be viewed as comparable to middle income states,while the greater part of its rural and west-erm areas would be comparable to the poorer nations of the *** means that the new middle class pays attention to issues such as pollution and status or positional goods than simple material *** costs of houses are in particular less than *** status goods are similar because they are not amenable to simple productivity *** will make policies more difficult as conflict increases between those areas who are still eager for basic economic development and those richer areas whose wants and needs start to more closely resemble the preferences of richer developed countries.

关键词： Positional goods regional inequality statusgoods

应用HTS-ELISA筛选方法制备抗黄曲霉毒素M1单抗

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微生物学报 2010年第10期50卷 1406-1411页

作者：裴世春何娜张立军陆梅生齐齐哈尔大学食品与生物工程学院黑龙江八一农垦大学食品学院大庆麦伯康生物技术有限公司上海麦柏星生物科技有限公司

【目的】确立基于高通量酶联免疫(HTS-ELISA)筛选方法制备高亲和力抗黄曲霉毒素M1单克隆抗体的方法体系。【方法】采用AFM1-BSA(Aflatoxin M1-bovine serum albumin)免疫Balb/c小鼠,利用HTS-ELISA方法筛选分泌抗黄曲霉毒素M1单抗的杂交... 详细信息

【目的】确立基于高通量酶联免疫(HTS-ELISA)筛选方法制备高亲和力抗黄曲霉毒素M1单克隆抗体的方法体系。【方法】采用AFM1-BSA(Aflatoxin M1-bovine serum albumin)免疫Balb/c小鼠,利用HTS-ELISA方法筛选分泌抗黄曲霉毒素M1单抗的杂交瘤细胞株,并分析抗体的特性。【结果】筛选到14株具有分泌高活性抗黄曲霉毒素M1单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,纯化的最佳抗体的亲和力为5.5×10-10 mol/L。与黄曲霉毒素M1及其结构类似物黄曲霉毒素M2、B1、B2、G1、G2以及其他物质脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和BSA的交叉反应率分别为100%、4.5%、21.5%、1.0%、16.6%、1.0%、0%、0%。间接竞争ELISA检测最低检测限可达0.01μg/L,线性范围为0.1-10μg/L,竞争性抑制抗体反应50%的抑制浓度Ic50为0.82μg/L,添加0.25-5μg/L黄曲霉毒素的牛奶间接竞争ELISA检测回收率在60.3%-152.8%之间。【结论】HTS-ELISA方法可以制备具有高亲和力的抗黄曲霉毒素M1单克隆抗体,可为黄曲霉毒素M1免疫检测体系的建立提供优质抗体材料。

关键词：黄曲霉毒素M1 高通量酶联免疫法单克隆抗体