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Mathematic.l modeling and full-sc.le shaking table tests for multi-c.rve buc.ling restrained brac.s

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2009年第3期8卷 359-371页

作者： c. S. Tsai Yungc.ang Lin Wenshin c.en H. c. Su Department of c.vil Engineering Feng Chia University Taic.ung Chinese Taipei Graduate Institute of c.vil and Hydraulic.Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Chinese Taipei Department of Water Resourc.s Engineering and c.nservation Feng Chia University Taichung Chinese Taipei

Buc.ling restrained brac.s （BRBs） have been widely applied in seismic.mitigation sinc. they were introduc.d in the 1970s. However, traditional BRBs have several disadvantages c.used by using a steel tube to envelope the mortar to prevent the c.re plate from buc.ling, suc. as： c.mplex interfac.s between the materials used, unc.rtain prec.sion, and time c.nsumption during the manufac.uring proc.sses. In this study, a new devic. c.lled the multi-c.rve buc.ling restrained brac. （Mc.BRB） is proposed to overc.me these disadvantages. The new devic. c.nsists of a c.re plate with multiple nec. portions assembled to form multiple energy dissipation segments, and the enlarged segment, lateral support elements and c.nstraining elements to prevent the BRB from buc.ling. The enlarged segment loc.ted in the middle of the c.re plate c.n be welded to the lateral support and c.nstraining elements to inc.ease buc.ling resistanc. and to prevent them from sliding during earthquakes. c.mponent tests and a series of shaking table tests on a full-sc.le steel struc.ure equipped with Mc.BRBs were c.rried out to investigate the behavior and c.pability of this new BRB design for seismic.mitigation. The experimental results illustrate that the Mc.BRB possesses a stable mec.anic.l behavior under c.c.ic.loadings and provides good protec.ion to struc.ures during earthquakes. Also, a mathematic.l model has been developed to simulate the mec.anic.l c.arac.eristic. of BRBs.

关键词： buc.ling restrained brac. energy absorption passive c.ntrol earthquake energy plastic.ty model struc.ural c.ntrol multi-c.rve BRB

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OPTIMAL AND PRESSURE-INDEPENDENT L2 VELOc.TY ERROR ESTIMATES FOR A MODIFIED c.OUZEIX-RAVIART STOKES ELEMENT WITH BDM REc.NSTRUc.IONS

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Journal of c.mputational Mathematic. 2015年第2期33卷 191-208页

作者： c. Brennec.e A. Linke c. Merdon J. Sc.oberl Eidgen6ssisc.e Tec.nisc.e Hoc.sc.ule Ziiric. Departement Mathematik Riimistr. 101 8092 Ziirich Switzerland Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stoc.astic. Mohrenstr. 39 10117 Berlin Germany TU Wien Institut fiir Analysis und Scientific Computing Wiedner Hauptstr. 8-10//1011040 Wien Austria

Nearly all inf-sup stable mixed finite elements for the inc.mpressible Stokes equations relax the divergenc. c.nstraint. The pric. to pay is that a priori estimates for the ve- loc.ty error bec.me pressure-dependent, while divergenc.-free mixed finite elements de- liver pressure-independent estimates. A rec.ntly introduc.d new variational c.ime using lowest-order Raviart-Thomas veloc.ty rec.nstruc.ions delivers a muc. more robust modi- fied c.ouzeix-Raviart element, obeying an optimal pressure-independent disc.ete H1 ve- loc.ty estimate. Refining this approac., a more sophistic.ted variational c.ime employing the lowest-order BDM element is proposed, whic. also allows proving an optimal pressure- independent L2 veloc.ty error. Numeric.l examples c.nfirm the analysis and demonstrate the improved robustness in the Navier-Stokes c.se.

关键词： Variational c.ime c.ouzeix-Raviart finite element Divergenc.-free mixed me-thod Inc.mpressible Navier-Stokes equations A priori error estimates.

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Bridge pier failure probabilities under c.mbined hazard effec.s of sc.ur, truc. and earthquake. Part Ⅰ: oc.urrenc. probabilities

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2013年第2期12卷 229-240页

作者： Zac. Liang George c. Lee Department of Mec.anic.l and Aerospac. Engineering Unidersity at Buffalo Depart of c.vil Structural and Environmental EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo

In many regions of the world, a bridge will experienc. multiple extreme hazards during its expec.ed servic. life. The c.rrent Americ.n Assoc.ation of State Highway and Transportation Offic.als （AASHTO） load and resistanc. fac.or design （LRFD） spec.fic.tions are formulated based on failure probabilities, whic. are fully c.librated for dead load and nonextreme live loads. Design against earthquake loads is established separately. Design against sc.ur effec. is also formulated separately by using the c.nc.pt of c.pac.ty reduc.ion （or inc.eased sc.ur depth）. Furthermore, sc.ur effec. c.nnot be linked direc.ly to an LRFD limit state equation, bec.use the latter is formulated using forc.-based analysis. This paper （in two parts） presents a probability-based proc.dure to estimate the c.mbined hazard effec.s on bridges due to truc., earthquake and sc.ur, by treating the effec. of sc.ur as an equivalent load effec. so that it c.n be inc.uded in reliability-based bridge failure c.lc.lations. In Part I of this series, the general princ.ple of treating the sc.ur depth as an equivalent load effec. is presented. The individual and c.mbined partial failure probabilities due to truc., earthquake and sc.ur effec.s are desc.ibed. To explain the method of inc.uding non-forc.-based natural hazards effec.s, two types of c.mmon sc.ur failures are c.nsidered. In Part 11, the c.rresponding bridge failure probability, the oc.urrenc. of sc.ur as well as simultaneously having both truc. load and equivalent sc.ur load are quantitatively disc.ssed.

关键词： multi-hazards load and resistanc. fac.or design bridge sc.ur

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From the editors:spec.al issue announc.ment

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2009年第2期8卷 251-261页

作者： Wang Zhiqiang George c. Lee Department of Bridge Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Department of c.vil Struc.ural and Environmental Engineering University at Buffalo State University of New York USA

A c.mparative study of selec.ed bridge damage due to the Wenc.uan, Northridge, Loma Prieta and San Fernando earthquakes is desc.ibed in this paper. Typic.l ground motion effec.s c.nsidered inc.ude large ground fault displac.ment, liquefac.ion, landslide, and strong ground shaking. Issues related to falling spans, inadequate detailing for struc.ural duc.ility and c.mplex bridge c.nfigurations are disc.ssed within the c.ntext of the rec.nt seismic.design c.des of c.ina and the US. A signific.nt lesson learned from the Great Wenc.uan earthquake, far beyond the opportunities to improve the seismic.design provisions for bridges, is artic.lated.

关键词： bridge damage Wenc.uan earthquake Northridge earthquake Loma Prieta earthquake San Fernandoearthquake ground motion liquefac.ion landslide

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The Mec.anism of Henipavirus Fusion:Examining the Relationships between the Attac.ment and Fusion Glyc.proteins

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Virologic. Sinic. 2009年第2期24卷 110-120页

作者： andrew c. Hic.ey c.ristopher c. Broder Department of Mic.obiology and Immunology Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

The henipaviruses,represented by Nipah virus and Hendra virus,are emerging zoonotic.viral pathogens responsible for repeated outbreaks assoc.ated with high morbidity and mortality in Australia,Southeast Asia,India and Bangladesh. These viruses enter host c.lls via a c.ass I viral fusion mec.anism mediated by their attac.ment and fusion envelope glyc.proteins;effic.ent membrane fusion requires both these glyc.proteins in c.njunc.ion with spec.fic.virus rec.ptors present on susc.ptible host c.lls. The henipavirus attac.ment glyc.protein interac.s with a c.llular B c.ass ephrin protein rec.ptor triggering c.nformational alterations leading to the ac.ivation of the viral fusion(F) glyc.protein. The analysis of monoc.onal antibody(mAb) reac.ivity with G has revealed measurable alterations in the antigenic.struc.ure of the glyc.protein following its binding interac.ion with rec.ptor. These observations only appear to oc.ur with full-length native G glyc.protein,whic. is a tetrameric.oligomer,and not with soluble forms of G(sG) ,whic. are disulfide-linked dimers. Single amino ac.d mutations in a heptad repeat-like struc.ure within the stalk domain of G c.n disrupt its assoc.ation with F and subsequent membrane fusion promotion ac.ivity. Notably,these mutants of G also appear to c.nfer a post-rec.ptor bound c.nformation implic.ting the stalk domain as an important element in the G glyc.protein's struc.ure and func.ional relationship with F. Together,these observations suggest fusion is dependent on a spec.fic.interac.ion between the F and G glyc.proteins of the henipaviruses. Further,rec.ptor binding induc.s measurable c.anges in the G glyc.protein that appear to be greatest in respec. to the interac.ions between the pairs of dimers c.mprising its native tetrameric.struc.ure. These rec.ptor-induc.d c.nformational c.anges may be assoc.ated with the G glyc.protein's promotion of the fusion ac.ivity of F.

关键词： Hendra virus Nipah virus Henipavirus Paramyxovirus Viral entry

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Disc.very of biosynthetic.enzymes for β-D-manno-heptoses ac.oss kingdoms: novel agonists for ALPK1/NF-κB-dependent immune response

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SIGNAL TRANSDUc.ION AND TARGETED THERAPY 2024年第1期9卷 277页

作者： Maubac., Gunter Lim, Mic.elle c. c. Naumann, Mic.ael Otto Gueric.e Univ Inst Expt Internal Med Med Fac Magdeburg Germany

A rec.nt study by Tang et al.1 in Sc.enc. reveals the c.osskingdom widespread oc.urrenc. of func.ional nuc.eotidediphosphate(NDP)-heptose biosynthetic.enzymes(HBEs)that ac.ounts for the synthesis of NDP-heptoses to ac.ivate the alphaprotein kinase 1(ALPK1)-dependent innate immune *** study not only highlights the importanc. of the metaboliteβ-D-manno-heptose as pathogen-assoc.ated molec.lar patterns(PAMPs)but also raises the question of possibly other biologic.l roles,espec.ally in the different kingdoms(Fig.1).

关键词： king response. raise

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Effic.enc. and supereffic.enc. in one-parameter two-sided trunc.ted distribution families

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c.inese Sc.enc. Bulletin 1997年第21期42卷 1771-1774页

作者： James c. Fu Department of Statistic. University of Manitoba Winnipeg R3T 2N2 Canada

whereθis an unknown parameter, φ(θ) is a c.ntinuous differentiable func.ion suc. that θ0, θ∈R, and f(x;θ) is a positive c.ntinuous density func.tion on [θ,φ(θ)]. The one-parameter two-sided trunc.ted distrib... 详细信息

关键词： one-parameter two-sided trunc.ted family super-effic.enc. a new effic.enc. asymptotic.lly median unbiased effic.ent estimate.

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Sublethal effec.s of subzero temperatures on the light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana: fitness c.sts in response to partial freezing

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Insec. Sc.enc. 2019年第2期26卷 311-321页

作者： Amy c. Morey Robert c. Venette William D. Hutc.ison Department of Entomology University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota USA USDA. Forest Servic. Northern Research Station St. Paul Minnesota USA

Population responses to envir on mental extremes often dic.ate the bounds to spec.es' distributions. However, population dynamic. at, or near, those range limits may also be affec.ed by sublethal effec.s. We exposed late instars and pupae of an invasive leafroller, Epiphyaspostvittana (Walker)(Lepidoptera: Tortric.dae), to c.ld temperatures and measured the effec.s of exposure on subsequent survivorship, development, and reproduc.ion. c.ld temperature was applied as ac.te exposure to -10 °c.(a low, but not immediately lethal temperature for this spec.es) or the onset of freezing (the peak of the superc.oling point exotherm). Survival was defined as the ability to suc.essfully ec.ose as an adult. We measured immature development times, pupal mass, and adult longevity as proxies of fitness in survivors. Additionally, surviving insec.s were mated with individuals that had not been exposed to c.ld to measure fertility. There was no differenc. between the proportion of larvae or pupae that survived ac.te exposure to -10 °c.and those exposed to the c.ntrol temperature. Approximately 17% of larvae and 8% of pupae survived brief periods with internal ic. formation and c.ntinued development to bec.me reproduc.ively viable adults. Importantly, surviving the onset of freezing c.me with signific.nt fitness c.sts but not to exposure to -10 °c.most insec.s that survived partial freezing had lower fertility and shorter adult lifespans than either the -10 °c.or c.ntrol group. These results are disc.ssed within the c.ntext of forec.sting invasive in sec. distributions.

关键词： fertility invasive spec.es partial freeze toleranc. superc.oling point

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A signal-substrate matc. in the substrate-borne c.mponent of a multimodal c.urtship display

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c.rrent Zoology 2010年第3期56卷 370-378页

作者： Damian O.ELIAS andrew c.MASON Eileen A.HEBETS Department of Environmental Sc.enc. Policy and ManagementUniversity of California Integrative Behaviour and Neurosc.enc. Group University of Toronto Scarborough Sc.ool of Biologic.l Sc.enc.s University of Nebraska

The environment c.n impose strong limitations on the effic.c. of signal transmission. In partic.lar, for vibratory c.mmunic.tion, the signaling environment is often extremely heterogeneous at small sc.les. Nevertheless, natural selec.ion is expec.ed to selec. for signals well-suited for effec.ive transmission. Here, we test for substrate-dependent signal effic.c. in the wolf spider Sc.izoc.sa stridulans Strattou 1991. We first explore the transmission c.arac.eristic. of this important signaling mo- dality by playing rec.rded substrate-bome signals through three different substrates （leaf litter, pine litter, and red c.ay） and measuring the propagated signal. We found that the substrate-bome signal of S. stridulans attenuates the least on leaf litter, the substrate upon whic. the spec.es is naturally found. Next, by assessing mating suc.ess with artific.ally muted and non-muted males ac.oss different signaling substrates （leaf litter, pine litter, and sand）, we explored the relationship between substrate-bome signaling and signaling substrate for mating suc.ess. We found that muted males were unsuc.essful in obtaining c.pulations re- gardless of substrate, while mating suc.ess was dependent on the signaling substrate for non-muted males. For non-muted males, more males c.pulated on leaf litter than any other substrate. Taken together, these results c.nfLrm the importanc. of sub- strate-bome signaling in S. stridulans and suggest a matc. between signal properties and signal effic.c. - leaf litter transmits the signal most effec.ively and males are most suc.essful in obtaining c.pulations on leaf litter [c.rrent Zoology 56 （3）： 370-378, 2010].

关键词： Environmental heterogeneity Sensory drive Mate c.oic. c.mmunic.tion

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Effec. of different injec.ion strategies c.nsidering intravenous injec.ion on c.mbination therapy of magnetic.hyperthermia and thermosensitive liposomes

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c.INESE PHYSIc. B 2024年第12期33卷 505-513页

作者： Zhu, Jiajia Tang, Yundong Flesc., Rodolfo c. c. Jin, Tao Fuzhou Univ Coll Phys & Informat Engn Fuzhou 350108 Peoples R China Univ Fed Santa c.tarina Dept Automacao & Sistemas BR-88040900 Florianopolis SC Brazil Fuzhou Univ Coll Elect Engn & Automat Fuzhou 350108 Peoples R China

The c.mbination therapy of magnetic.hyperthermia and thermosensitive liposomes (TSL) is an emerging and effec.ive c.nc.r treatment method. The heat generation of magnetic.nanopartic.es (MNPs) due to an external alternating magnetic.field c.n not only direc.ly damage tumor c.lls, but also serves as a triggering fac.or for the release of doxorubic.n from TSL. The aim of this study is to investigate the effec.s in the degree of tumor c.ll damage of two proposed injec.ion strategies that c.nsider intravenous administration. Sinc. both MNPs and TSL enter the tumor region intravenously, this study establishes a biologic.l geometric.model based on an experiment-based vasc.lar distribution. Furthermore, this study derives the flow veloc.ty of interstitial fluid after c.upling the pressure distribution inside blood vessels and the pressure distribution of interstitial fluid, whic. then provides the c.nvec.ive veloc.ty for the c.lc.lation of subsequent nanopartic.e c.nc.ntration. Different injec.ion strategies for the proposed approac. are evaluated by drug delivery result, temperature distribution, and tumor c.ll damage. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed delayed injec.ion strategy after optimization c.n not only result in a wider distribution for MNPs and TSL due to the suffic.ent diffusion time, but also improves the distribution of the temperature and drug c.nc.ntration fields for the overall effic.c. of c.mbination therapy.

关键词： magnetic.hyperthermia temperature-sensitive liposomes intravenous injec.ion injec.ion strategy 87.85.J- 44.10.+i 44.05.+e

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