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Acquired segmental colonic hypoganglionosis in an adult Caucasian male:A case report

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2019年第2期11卷 101-111页

作者： Allan MF Kwok andrew b still Kimberly Hart Department of Surgery Wollongong Hospital Department of Anatomical Pathology Wollongong Hospital

bACKGROUND Hypoganglionosis is a rare condition that most often presents with abnormal gastrointestinal transit and usually arises in early childhood or adolescence. Two types have been described(Type I and Type II). The adult-onset form(acquired hypoganglionosis) is extremely uncommon and is thought to arise due to cellular remodelling as a result of chronic inflammation. It differs from Hirschprung's disease in that there is a reduction in ganglion cells in the colonic neural plexuses as opposed to being completely *** SUMMARY A 31 year-old male presented to hospital with recurrent abdominal pain and vomiting over thirteen months. Abdominal computed tomography scans demonstrated thickening and stranding affecting the transverse, descending and sigmoid colon. Endoscopic appearances were non-specific but confirmed a mixed picture of mucosal inflammation and necrosis in various stages of *** investigations were performed to elucidate an underlying aetiology but neither an infective nor ischaemic cause could be proven. biopsy features were not typical of inflammatory bowel disease. Due to persistence of his symptoms and failure of medical management, a segmental colectomy was performed. Histological examination of the specimen revealed an unexpected finding of segmental hypoganglionosis. Complete surgical excision of the diseased segment of colon was curative and since his operation the patient has had no recurrence of symptoms requiring *** Our case serves to raise awareness of acquired hypoganglionosis as a rare condition that can result from chronic colitis.

关键词： Acquired hypoganglionosis Hirschprung’s disease Adult Ganglion cells Acetylcholinesterase Calretinin Case report

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Multidimensional images and aberrations in STEM

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Chinese Physics b 2024年第9期33卷 68-74页

作者： Eric R.Hoglund andrew R.Lupini Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831United States

Recent advances in scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM)have led to increased development of multidimensional STEM imaging modalities and novel image reconstruction *** interest arises because the main electron lens in a modern transmission electron microscope usually has a diffraction-space information limit that is significantly better than the real-space resolution of the same *** state-of-affairs is sometimes shared by other scattering methods in modern physics and contributes to a broader excitement surrounding multidimensional techniques that scan a probe while recording diffraction-space images,such as ptychography and scanning nano-beam ***,the contrasting resolution in the two spaces raises the question as to what is limiting their effective ***,we examine this paradox by considering the effects of aberrations in both image and diffraction planes,and likewise separate the contributions of pre-and post-sample *** consideration provides insight into aberration-measurement techniques and might also indicate improvements for super-resolution techniques.

关键词： scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) aberrations

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A Stochastic Model to Assess the Epidemiological Impact of Vaccine booster Doses on COVID-19 and Viral Hepatitis b Co-Dynamics with Real Data

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2973-3012页

作者： andrew Omame Mujahid Abbas Dumitru baleanu Department of Mathematics Federal University of TechnologyOwerri460114Nigeria Abdus Salam School of Mathematical Sciences Government College UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Mathematics Government College UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Labanese American UniversityBeirutLebanon Institute of Space Sciences Magurele-BucharestRomania Department of Medical Research China Medical University HospitalChina Medical UniversityTaichung40402Taiwan

A patient co-infected with COVID-19 and viral hepatitis b can be atmore risk of severe complications than the one infected with a single *** study develops a comprehensive stochastic model to assess the epidemiological impact of vaccine booster doses on the co-dynamics of viral hepatitis b and *** model is fitted to real COVID-19 data from *** proposed model incorporates logistic growth and saturated incidence *** analyses using the tools of stochastic calculus,are performed to study appropriate conditions for the existence of unique global solutions,stationary distribution in the sense of ergodicity and disease *** stochastic threshold estimated from the data fitting is given by:R_(0)^(S)=*** assessments are implemented to illustrate the impact of double-dose vaccination and saturated incidence functions on the dynamics of both *** effects of stochastic white noise intensities are also highlighted.

关键词： Viral hepatitis b COVID-19 stochastic model extinction ergodicity real data

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Development of novel 5-FU modified siRNA against bCL-2 with enhanced efficacy and vehicle-free cellular uptake

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 23-25页

作者： andrew Fesler Ga-Ram Hwang Jingfang Ju Department of Pathology Renaissance School of MedicineStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNY 11794USA The Northport Veteran's Administration Medical Center NorthportNY 11768USA Curamir Therapeutics Inc. WoburnMA 01801USA

One of the major obstacles for nucleic acid-based medicine is cellular uptake due to the concern of efficiencyand potential toxicity of the *** this work,we developed a novel approach to eliminate the need for a vehicle to allow for the cellular uptake of siRNA-based therapy with a unique modification strategy that also further enhances therapeutic *** discovery may be of great importance for the development of siRNA-based therapeutics as cellular uptake remains a critical *** this study,we have tested the potential of this modification strategy for siRNA using a siRNA that targets b-cell lymphoma-2(bCL-2).

关键词： eliminate uptake modified

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Towards global coverage of gridded parameterization for CLImate GENerator(CLIGEN)

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big Earth Data 2024年第1期8卷 142-165页

作者： andrew T.Fullhart Guillermo E.Ponce-Campos Menberu b.Meles Ryan P.McGehee Haiyan Wei Gerardo Armendariz Shea burns David C.Goodrich Southwest Watershed Research Center USDA-ARS TucsonAZUSA School of Natural Resources and the Environment University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA Sustainable Agricultural Water Systems Unit USDA-ARS DavisCAUSA Agricultural and biosystems Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA

Stochastic weather generators create time series that reproduce key weather dynamics present in long-term *** dataset detailed herein is a large-scale gridded parameterization for CLImate GENerator(CLIGEN)that fills spatial gaps in the coverage of existing regional CLIGEN parameterizations,thereby obtaining near-global availability of combined *** dataset primarily covers countries north of 40°latitude with 0.25°spatial *** CLIGEN parameters were estimated based on 20-year records from four popular global climate *** parameters were statistically downscaled to estimate point-scale values,while point-scale temperature and solar radiation parameters were approximated by direct calculation from high-resolution *** parameter values were used in some cases,such as with wind ***-validation was done to assess the downscaling approach for six precipitation parameters using known point-scale values from ground-based CLIGEN *** parameter values were derived from daily accumulation records at 7,281 stations and high temporal resolution records at 609 *** sensitive parameters,monthly average storm accumulation and maximum 30-minute intensity,were shown have RMSE values of 1.48 mm and 4.67 mm hr^(−1),*** precipitation and the annual number of days with precipitation occurrence were both within 5%of ground-based parameterizations,effectively improving climate data availability.

关键词： Agriculture climate hydrology soil erosion stochastic weather generator

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Heterogeneous Catalysis with Metal-Containing Crystalline Porous Materials:Element-and Site-Specific Insights

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第5期6卷 1110-1129页

作者： Yan Li andrew G.Walsh Peng Zhang Tianjun Zhang State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients College of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHebei UniversityBaoding 071002 Department of Chemistry Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova Scotia B3H 4R2

Metal-containing crystalline porous materials(CPMs)are gaining popularity in heterogeneous catalysis because of their highly crystalline and porous systems,and their excellent chemical *** of the metal species and framework structure permits them to have greater activity,selectivity,and stability over other *** in-depth understanding of the complex nature of metal active sites in CPMs is essential for revealing the structure-performance relationships and directing the rational design of such *** to conventional characterization techniques,the rapid development of X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS)has provided element-and site-specific deep insights into the electronic and structural information of metal species in *** such,this review begins by summarizing novel XAS techniques and analysis methods in accurately obtaining such ***,the combination of XAS with other high-level characterization methods into disclosing the configuration of active sites in metalcontaining CPMs is ***,the utilization of theory-assisted XAS data analysis in examining complex metal-containing CPM catalysts is ***,advanced in-situ/operando XAS studies into revealing the working sites in metal-containing CPMs under catalytic conditions are *** conclude by outlining the future challenges and prospects of XAS measurements,data analyses,and in-situ/operando setups in advancing the study of metal-in-CPM catalysts.

关键词： X-ray absorption spectroscopy in-situ metal species crystalline porous materials heterogeneous catalysis

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Elucidating the Degradation Pathways of Human Insulin in the Solid State

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第3期8卷 288-299页

作者： andrew Fagan Lorraine M.bateman Joseph P.O'Shea Abina M.Crean SSPC the SFI Centre for Pharmaceutical Research School of Pharmacy University College Cork School of Pharmacy University College Cork Analytical and biological Chemistry Research Facility (AbCRF) University College Cork School of Chemistry University College Cork

While there have been significant advances in the development of peptide oral dosage forms in recent years, highlighted by the clinical and commercial success of approved peptides such as Rybelsus?, there remain several barriers in the way of broad range applicability of this approach to peptide delivery. One such barrier includes the poor physical and chemical stability inherent to their structures, which persists in the solid state although degradation typically occurs at different rates and via different pathways in comparison to the solution state. Using insulin as a model peptide, this work sought to contribute to the development of analytical techniques for investigating common insulin degradation pathways. Chemically denatured,deamidated and aggregated samples were prepared and used to benchmark circular dichroism spectroscopy, reverse phase HPLC and size exclusion chromatography methods for the investigation of unfolding, chemical modifications and covalent aggregation of the insulin molecule respectively. Solid state degraded samples were prepared by heating insulin powder at 60 °C and 75% relative humidity for 1, 3, 5 and 7 d, and the degradation profiles of the samples were evaluated and compared with those observed in solution. While no unfolding was observed to occur, significant deamidation and covalent aggregation were detected. Reductive disulfide bond cleavage using dithiothreitol allowed for separation of the insulin A-and b-chains,offering a facile yet novel means of assessing the mechanisms of deamidation and covalent aggregation occurring in the solid state.

关键词： biopharmaceutical analysis Covalent aggregation Deamidation Disulfide cleavage Insulin Solid state Stability

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Dynamics of self-hybridized exciton–polaritons in 2D halide perovskites

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： Surendra b.Anantharaman Jason Lynch Christopher E.Stevens Christopher Munley Chentao Li Jin Hou Hao Zhang andrew Torma Thomas Darlington Francis Coen Kevin Li Arka Majumdar PJames Schuck Aditya Mohite Hayk Harutyunyan Joshua R.Hendrickson Deep Jariwala Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA KbR Inc. BeavercreekOH45431USA Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors DirectorateWright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433USA Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Department of Physics Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA Department of Chemical and biomolecular Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Applied Physics Program Smalley‐Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

Excitons,bound electron–hole pairs,in two-dimensional hybrid organic inorganic perovskites(2D HOIPs)are capable of forming hybrid light-matter states known as exciton-polaritons(E–Ps)when the excitonic medium is confined in an optical *** the case of 2D HOIPs,they can self-hybridize into E–Ps at specific thicknesses of the HOIP crystals that form a resonant optical cavity with the ***,the fundamental properties of these self-hybridized E–Ps in 2D HOIPs,including their role in ultrafast energy and/or charge transfer at interfaces,remain ***,we demonstrate that>0.5µm thick 2D HOIP crystals on Au substrates are capable of supporting multiple-orders of self-hybridized E–P *** E–Ps have high Q factors(>100)and modulate the optical dispersion for the crystal to enhance sub-gap absorption and *** varying excitation energy and ultrafast measurements,we also confirm energy transfer from higher energy E–Ps to lower energy E–***,we also demonstrate that E–Ps are capable of charge transport and transfer at *** findings provide new insights into charge and energy transfer in E–Ps opening new opportunities towards their manipulation for polaritonic devices.

关键词： charge polar excitation

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Latest updates on structure and recommendations of cardiac rehabilitation programs in chronic heart failure

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第8期12卷 1382-1387页

作者： Christos Kourek Alexandros briasoulis Dimitrios E Magouliotis John Skoularigis andrew Xanthopoulos Medical School of Athens National and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 15772Greece Department of Clinical Therapeutics Alexandra HospitalFaculty of MedicineNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11528Greece Department of Surgery University Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41110Greece of Cardiology University Hospital of LarissaLarissa 41110Greece

Chronic heart failure(HF)is a clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mor-tality *** rehabilitation(CR)is a medically supervised program designed to maintain or improve cardiovascular health of people living with HF,recommended by both American and European guidelines.A CR program con-sists of a multispecialty group including physicians,nurses,physiotherapists,trainers,nutritionists,and psychologists with the common purpose of improving functional capacity and quality of life of chronic HF *** activity,lifestyle,and psychological support are core components of a successful CR *** has been shown to be beneficial in all ejection fraction categories in HF and most patients,who are stable under medication,are capable of *** individualized exercise prescription should be developed on the basis of a baseline evaluation in all *** main modalities of exercise training are aerobic exercise and muscle strength training of different intensity and *** is important to set the appropriate clinical outcomes from the beginning,in order to assess the effectiveness of a CR *** are still significant limitations that prevent patients from participating in these programs and need to be solved.A significant limitation is the generally low quality of research in CR and the presence of negative trials,such as the rehabilitation after myocardial infarction trial,where comprehensive rehabilitation following myocardial infraction had no important effect on mortality,morbidity,risk factors,or health-related quality of life or *** the present editorial,we present all the updated knowledge and recommendations in CR programs.

关键词： Cardiac rehabilitation Heart failure Outcomes Exercise protocols Prescription Future perspectives Limitations

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Carbon dioxide enrichment affected flower numbers transiently and increased successful post-pollination development stably but without altering final acorn production in mature pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 1-12页

作者： Ryan McClory Richard H.Ellis Martin Lukac Jo Clark Carolina Mayoral Kris M.Hart andrew R.G.Plackett A.Rob MacKenzie School of Agriculture Policy and DevelopmentUniversity of ReadingAgricultureEarley GateWhiteknights RoadPO Box 237Reading RG66EUUK Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 165000Czechia Future Trees Trust Harwell Innovation CentreBuilding 173Curie AvenueHarwellOxford OX110QGUK birmingham Institute of Forest Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of biosciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK

Acorn production in oak(Quercus spp.)shows considerable inter-annual variation,known as masting,which provides a natural defence against seed predators but a highly-variable supply of acorns for uses such as in commercial tree planting each *** emissions of greenhouse gases have been very widely reported to influence plant growth and seed or fruit size and quantity via the‘fertilisation effect’that leads to enhanced *** examine if acorn production in mature woodland communities will be affected by further increase in CO_(2),the contents of litter traps from a Free Air Carbon Enrichment(FACE)experiment in deciduous woodland in central England were analysed for numbers of flowers and acorns of pedunculate oak(Quercus robur L.)at different stages of development and their predation levels under ambient and elevated CO_(2) ***-annual variation in acorn numbers was considerable and cyclical between 2015 and 2021,with the greatest numbers of mature acorns in 2015,2017 and 2020 but almost none in *** numbers of flowers,enlarged cups,immature acorns,empty acorn cups,and galls in the litter traps also varied amongst years;comparatively high numbers of enlarged cups were recorded in 2018,suggesting *** at this site is a fruit maturation masting species(i.e.,the extent of abortion of pollinated flowers during acorn development affects mature acorn numbers greatly).Raising the atmospheric CO_(2) concentration by 150μL L^(−1),from early 2017,increased the numbers of immature acorns,and all acorn evidence(empty cups+immature acorns+mature acorns)detected in the litter traps compared to ambient controls by 2021,but did not consistently affect the numbers of flowers,enlarged cups,empty cups,or mature *** number of flowers in the elevated CO_(2) plots’litter traps was greater in 2018 than 2017,one year after CO_(2) enrichment began,whereas numbers declined in ambient *** with CO_(2) also increased the number o

关键词： Quercus robur L. Acorns Masting Pedunculate oak Carbon dioxide

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