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Characterizing Uncertainty in City-Wide Disaster Recovery through Geospatial Multi-Lifeline Restoration Modeling of Earthquake Impact in the District of North Vancouver

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第6期11卷 807-820页

作者： andrew Deelstra David Bristow Department of Civil Engineering University of VictoriaVictoriaBC V8P 5C2Canada

Restoring lifeline services to an urban neighborhood impacted by a large disaster is critical to the recovery of the city as a *** cities are comprised of many dependent lifeline systems,the pattern of the restoration of each lifeline system can have an impact on one or more *** to the often uncertain and complex interactions between dense lifeline systems and their individual operations at the urban scale,it is typically unclear how different patterns of restoration will impact the overall recovery of lifeline system functioning.A difficulty in addressing this problem is the siloed nature of the knowledge and operations of different types of ***,a city-wide,multi-lifeline restoration model and simulation are provided to address this *** approach uses the Graph Model for Operational Resilience,a data-driven discrete event simulator that can model the spatial and functional cascade of hazard effects and the pattern of restoration over time.A novel case study model of the District of North Vancouver is constructed and simulated for a reference magnitude 7.3 *** model comprises municipal water and wastewater,power distribution,and transport *** model includes 1725 entities from within these sectors,connected through 6456 dependency *** of the model shows that water distribution and wastewater treatment systems recover more quickly and with less uncertainty than electric power and road *** this uncertainty will provide the opportunity to improve data collection,modeling,and collaboration with stakeholders in the future.

关键词： City-wide earthquake recovery Disaster loss and impact assessment Multi-infrastructure restoration Risk modeling and simulation Vulnerability and resilience analysis

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Investigating the raveling test for full-depth reclamation

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2018年第2期12卷 222-226页

作者： Robert HILL andrew BRAHAM Department of Civil Engineering University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR 72701 USA

Full-Depth Reclamation （FDR） is a sustainable method of building pavement structure compared to more traditional rehabilitation methods. Traffic is generally returned to an FDR project before a surface course is applied, as water in the FDR needs time to evaporate from the structure. This should not be done too quickly or raveling occurs. Currently, there is no test to quantify the timing of return to traffic. In this study, the ＂Raveling test of cold mixed bituminous emulsion samples＂（ASTM D7196） was used to compare asphalt emulsion and asphalt foam FDR. Asphalt emulsion samples were cured at ambient and 40℃ temperatures, while asphalt foam samples were cured at ambient temperatures. Raveling test data was collected from 0 to 48 hours of curing, however, samples were often not able to withstand fifteen minutes of testing. Therefore, the ＂time lasted＂（the time the raveling head loses contact with the surface of the sample） was recorded. In general, the asphalt emulsion samples that were cured in the oven at 40℃ had a longer time lasted and showed higher potential for determination of return to traffic. In addition, the asphalt emulsion samples had a longer time lasted than the asphalt foam samples at ambient temperatures.

关键词： raveling full depth reclamation

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Bio-Imitation of Mexican Migration Routes to the USA with Slime Mould on 3D Terrains

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2013年第2期10卷 242-250页

作者： andrew Adamatzky Genaro J Martinez Department of Computer Sciences University of the West of England Bristol BS16 1QY UK Escuela Superior de Computo Instituto Politecnico Nacional Mexico

Plasmodium ofPhysarum polycephalum （P. polycephalum） is a large single cell visible by an unaided eye. It shows sophisticated behavioural traits in foraging for nutrients and developing an optimal transport network of protoplasmic tubes spanning sources of nutrients. When placed in an environment with distributed sources of nutrients the cell computes＇ an optimal graph spanning the nutrients by growing a network of protoplasmic tubes. P. polycephalum imitates development ofman-made transport networks of a country when configuration of nutrients represents major urban areas, We employed this feature of the slime mould to imitate mexican migration to USA. The Mexican migration to USA is the World＇s larger migration system. We bio-physically imitated the migration using slime mould P. poIycephalum. In laboratory experiments with 3D Nylon terrains of USA we imitated development of migratory routes from Mexico-USA border to ten urban areas with high concentration of Mexican migrants. From results of laboratory experiments we extracted topologies of migratory routes, and highlighted a role of elevations in shaping the human movement networks.

关键词： biomimetics bio-inspired computing migration routes slime mould

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Extending dynamic models of mining subsidence

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2011年第S3期21卷 536-542页

作者： andrew JAROSZ Jose SAAVEDRA-ROSAS Western Australian School of Mines Curtin University

The movement and deformation processes of the overburden strata and ground surface, induced by underground mining, are affected by mining method, spatial relationships, geotechnical conditions of the rock strata and time. The authors reviewed and extended an existing classical prediction model of the dynamic subsidence, and proposed potential new research avenues offered by Cellular Automata (CA) models. The Knothe's influence function model and the significance of subcritical mining geometry were analyzed. The prediction results were verified against the subsidence field survey data to assess their quality and acceptability.

关键词： dynamic subsidence subsidence prediction cellular automata

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Production Process and Properties of a Highly Porous Al Alloy Made Using NaCl Droplets as a Space Holder

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2015年第8期28卷 1034-1040页

作者： Manuela Covaciu andrew Richard Kennedy Faculty of Engineering University of Nottingham Faculty of Material Science and Engineering Universitatea Tehnica din Cluj-Napoca School of Engineering Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

Porous Al structures have been made using a porogen leaching method but with additional novel steps. In this way, Al-0.25Cu-0.6Si-1.0Mg alloys with interconnected, open cells have been made, with high levels of porosity（up to 89%）. The use of 4 to 5 mm diameter sodium chloride droplets combined with interspersion of the metal powder and droplets in the die and dissolution of the salt before sintering was found to enable easier interspersion of the two components, resulting in good connectivity of the beads via the formation of ‘‘windows＇＇ between the pores, and rapid elimination of salt from the structure. Porous Al with densities in the range of 0.28–0.86 g/cm3 exhibited compressive yield strengths in the range of 0.14 to 7.5 MPa, with no difference being observed between the samples made by this route and by more conventional dissolution of the salt after sintering. These novel steps widen the possibility for porous metal manufacture to other materials, not limited by the need to have a sintering temperature below that for the melting point of salt.

关键词： Aluminium alloy Sodium chloride Porous metal

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Effect of Hind Leg Morphology on Performance of a Canine-inspired Quadrupedal Robot

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2015年第3期12卷 339-351页

作者： James andrew Smith Jamil Jivraj Ryerson University 350 Victoria St. Toronto ON Canada

Biomimetic leg designs often appear to be arbitrarily chosen. To make a more objective choice regarding biomimetic leg configuration for small canine-inspired robots, we compare one hind leg to the same leg arranged in a different orientation, and show that the less biomimetic leg provides better performance. This differently-oriented leg design, which we call ＂transverse-mirrored＂ was more efficient and faster, both in simulation and experiment even though both leg configurations used the same passive and active components, rest angles, and monoartieular knee spring. In experiments the normal configuration had a maximum speed of 0.33 m·s^-1 and a specific resistance of 5.1. Conversely, the less biomimetic transverse-mirrored configuration had a maximum speed of 0.4 m·s^-1 and specific resistance of 3.9. Therefore the transverse-mirrored leg＇s best performance yields a 21% increase in speed and 24% decrease in specific resistance when compared to the best performance achieved in the normal biomimetic leg. The major underlying reason is that the knee spring engages more readily in the transverse-mirrored configuration, resulting in this faster and more efficient locomotion. The conclusion is that simply copying from nature does not lead to optimal performance and that insight into the role played by passive design components on natural locomotory dynamics is important.

关键词： biomimetic legged robot quadruped leg design walking legged locomotion

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Towards higher-dimensional structured light

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第8期11卷 1650-1666页

作者： Chao He Yijie Shen andrew Forbes Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordParks RoadOxfordOX13PJUK Optoelectronics Research Centre University of SouthamptonSouthamptonSO171BJUK School of Physics University of the WitwatersrandPrivate Bag 3Johannesburg2050South Africa

Structured light refers to the arbitrarily tailoring of optical fields in all their degrees of freedom(DoFs),from spatial to *** orbital angular momentum(OAM)is perhaps the most topical example,and celebrating 30 years since its connection to the spatial structure of light,control over other DoFs is slowly gaining traction,promising access to higher-dimensional forms of structured ***,harnessing these new DoFs in quantum and classical states remains challenging,with the toolkit still in its *** this perspective,we discuss methods,challenges,and opportunities for the creation,detection,and control of multiple DoFs for higher-dimensional structured *** present a roadmap for future development trends,from fundamental research to applications,concentrating on the potential for larger-capacity,higher-security information processing and communication,and beyond.

关键词： light dimensional slowly

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CO2-mediated bicarbonate conversion to concentrated formate in a CEM-based electrolyzer

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期 605-611页

作者： Haocheng Xiong Donghuan Wu Haonan Li andrew Li Qikun Hu Siyao Song Bingjun Xu Qi Lu State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Ordos Laboratory

Renewable energy-driven bicarbonate conversion to valuable chemicals presents an attractive strategy for mitigating CO2emissions,as bicarbonate can be efficiently generated from the capture of atmospheric CO2using alkaline solutions with reactive *** this work,we present a CO2-mediated bicarbonate conversion to pure formate using a cation exchange membrane-based electrolyzer with a 25 cm2electrode *** electrolysis achieved selectivities exceeding 75%for formate at a total current of 2.5 A,achieving formate concentrations up to 1.2 M and yields as high as 95%over extended *** techno-economic assessment confirmed the economic viability of the process,highlighting the potential for bicarbonate electrolysis as a sustainable method for producing valuable chemicals.

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New therapies for relapsed castration-resistant prostate cancer based on peptide analogs of hypothalamic hormones

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第6期17卷 925-928页

作者： andrew V Schally Veterans Affairs Medical Center and South FloridaVeterans Affairs Foundation for Research andEducation Miami FL 33125 USA Department of Pathology University of Miami Miller School ofMedicine Miami FL 33136 USA Department of Medicine Division of Hematology/Oncology Universityof Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL33136 USA Department of Medicine Division of Endocrinology University of Miami Miller School ofMedicine Miami FL 33136 USA Department of Medicine Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine MiamiFL 33136 USA Department of Urology HerbertWertheim College of Medicine Florida InternationalUniversity Miami FL 33174 USA.

Itis a pleasure to contribute our presentation at the International Prostate Forum of the Annual Meeting of the American Urological Association （AUA） to this special issue of the Asian Journal of Andrology. We are gratified that the method developed in our laboratories1 based on agonistic analogs of hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone （LHRH）, also called gonadotropin which was discovered releasing hormone, and characterized by one of us （AVS） in the 1970S, has been used since the early 1980s for the treatment of hormone-dependent prostate cancer.

关键词： therapies castration hormones

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Experimental Study for Effect of Multi-Site Spark Ignition on Dedicated Hybrid Engine Performance under High Dilution Condition

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期 254-267页

作者： YAN Bowen WATERS Benjamin HAINES andrew MCGHEE Mike HU Tiegang DENG Wei PU Yongxian MA Tianyu Powertrain Engineering R&D Center Chongqing Changan Automobile Co.Ltd. Changan UK R&D Centre Limited

In this study,a triple spark ignition scheme was first designed on a three-cylinder 1.5-L dedicated hybrid engine（DHE）.On this basis,the effect of different ignition modes on engine combustion and emission characteristics was studied,especially under high dilution *** results tested at 2000 r/min and 0.8 MPa BMEP（brake mean effective pressure） show that with highly increased in-cylinder flow intensity,using only passive prechamber（PPC） has a lower lean limit than that with single central spark plug（CSP）,thereby leading to slightly higher minimum fuel consumption and nitrogen oxides（NOx） *** side spark plugs（SSP）based on PPC can result in improved capability of lean limit extension and engine performance than ***,the improvement level is lower than that with triple spark plugs（TSP）.As the excess air ratio λincreases,the advantage of PPC and PPC with SSP in improving the combustion phasing compared with CSP gradually ***,the increasing tendency of their ignition delay and combustion duration is more *** added SSP based on PPC can effectively shorten the ignition delay of leaner mixture,but the combustion duration can be only slightly *** a result,under extremely lean condition,the advantage of PPC and PPC with SSP in terms of combustion characteristics over CSP becomes much *** contrast,the TSP ignition can achieve much shorter ignition delay and combustion duration simultaneously under this *** to the highest available dilution level,the TSP ignition achieves the lowest raw ***,it can also reduce the raw carbon monoxide（CO） and hydrocarbons（HC） emissions compared to CSP due to a more thorough combustion of the end gas *** on the excellent performance of TSP,the highest engine brake thermal efficiency（BTE） was further *** results show that with normal RON 92 fuel,the engine finally achieved 43.69% and 45.02% BTE under stochiometric mode with exhaust

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