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Huma. Immunodeficiency Virus, Syphilis Preva.ence a.d Risk Fa.tors a.ong Migra.t Workers in Konongo, Gha.a

a.va.ces in Infectious Disea.es 2014年第3期4卷 132-141页

作者： andrew a. adjei Ja.es Bra.dful Ma.k Lurie Ma.ga.et La.tey Fra.cis Kra.pa.a.ewura.Kwa.a.Theophilus K. a.iku Ya. Tettey Richa.d K. Gya.i a.ron L. La.son Timothy Fla.iga. Brown University School of Medicine Rhode Island USA Noguchi Memoria. Institute for Medica. Resea.ch Legon Ghana University of Gha.a.Medica. School College of Health Sciences Accra Ghana

Migra.t workers, pa.ticula.ly gold mining workers, ha.e been identified a. a.group a. risk for HIV a.d sexua.ly tra.smitted infections (STI). a.cross-sectiona. study wa. underta.en on the correla.es of huma. immunodeficiency virus (HIV) a.d syphilis infections in a.sa.ple of migra.ts (Gha.a.a. citizens [156] a.d non-Gha.a.a. citizens [8]) working in a.gold mining centres in Konongo, Gha.a. The study wa. conducted between the months of Ja.ua.y 2013 to December 2013. Of a.tota. of 600 eligible migra.t workers, only 164 (27.33%;ma.es 114, fema.es 50) of the eligible migra.ts took pa.t in the study. Subjects volunta.ily completed a.risk-fa.tor questionna.re a.d provided blood specimen for testing for the presence of a.tibodies to HIV a.d Treponema.pa.lidum, the ca.sa.ive a.ent of syphilis. These da.a.were a.a.yzed using both univa.ia.e a.d multiva.ia.e techniques. The media. a.e of the pa.ticipa.ts wa. 29.0 yea.s (ra.ge 18 - 62 yea.s). Of the 164 migra.t workers tested, HIV a.d syphilis seropreva.ence were 6.7% a.d 3.7% respectively. On multiva.ia.e a.a.ysis, the independent determina.ts for HIV infection were being fema.e [odds ra.io (OR) 2.94;95% confidence interva. (95% CI 0.86 - 10.0);unma.ried (OR 10.13;95% CI 1.2 - 81.09);drug use (OR 3.76;95% CI 0.38 - 36.3);a.d blood tra.sfusion (OR 2.45;95% CI 0.27 - 22.37). Simila.ly, on multiva.ia.e a.a.ysis, the independent determina.ts for syphilis infection were ha.ing concurrent sexua. pa.tners (OR 2.16;95% CI 0.38 - 12.12);a.d blood tra.sfusion (OR 5.07;95% CI 0.51 - 50.37). Consistent with simila. studies worldwide, our results suggest high preva.ence of HIV a.d syphilis infections a.ong migra.t workers who work in gold mining centres in Gha.a.

关键词： HIV Seropositivity Syphilis Seropositivity Migra.t Workers Gold Mining Centres Risk Fa.tors

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Soluble Huma. Leukocyte a.tigen-G Expression in Pregna.cy Success a.d Ea.ly Pregna.cy Loss in Korle-Bu Tea.hing Hospita.

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Open Journa. of Immunology 2016年第1期6卷 1-6页

作者： a.dul-Ra.ma. Muba.a. Irene Sitsofe Blebu Ka.eem Mumuni Ya. Tettey Richa.d Kwa.i Gya.i andrew a.thony adjei Micha.l Ofori Depa.tment of Pa.hology School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences University of Ghana Accra Ghana Depa.tment of Obstetrics a.d Gyna.cology School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Ghana Accra Ghana Depa.tment of Immunology Noguchi Memorial Institute of Medical Research Accra Ghana

Introduction: Huma. leukocyte a.tigen G (HLa.G) is a.non-cla.sica. ma.or histocompa.ibility complex (MHC) cla.s Ib a.tigen cha.a.terized by a.limited polymorphism. The expression of HLa.G a. immune privileged sites a.d its a.ility to inhibit the effectors functions of immune cells ha. set HLa.G a. a.molecule of immune tolera.ce. This expression pa.tern is unique a.ong HLa.genes a.d suggests tha. HLa.G ma. be involved in intera.tions tha. a.e critica. in esta.lishing a.d/or ma.nta.ning pregna.cy. Methods: Soluble HLa.G (sHLa.G) levels were mea.ured using a.BioVendor sHLa.G ELISa.kit following the ma.ufa.turer’s protocol. The study pa.ticipa.ts include women undergoing sponta.eous a.ortion, non-pregna.t women, ma.es a.d a. a.chive sa.ple of women who ha. norma. va.ina. deliveries without a.y complica.ions a.d a.y history of ma.a.ia.infection from gesta.ion to delivery. Results: Soluble HLa.G levels were higher a.ong women undergoing sponta.eous a.ortion a. compa.ed to women who ha. norma. va.ina. delivery a.d non-pregna.t women. Soluble HLa.G levels were a.so higher in second trimester a. compa.ed to first trimester in both women who ha. sponta.eous a.ortions a.d women who ha. norma. delivery. Conclusion: a.though sHLa.G levels were higher a.ong women undergoing sponta.eous a.ortion a. compa.ed to non-pregna.t women a.d women who ha. norma. delivery, this ma. be pla.ing a.role in the ma.ntena.ce of ma.erna. immune tolera.ce to feta. a.tigen, since pla.ma.sHLa.G levels increa.ed with increa.ing trimester in both women who ha. norma. delivery a.d women undergoing sponta.eous a.ortion.

关键词： Soluble Huma. Leukocyte a.tigen G (sHLa.G) Sponta.eous a.ortion Ma.erna. Immune Tolera.ce Impla.ta.ion

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Ta.geted community ba.ed interventions improved ma.a.ia.ma.a.ement competencies in rura. Gha.a

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Globa. Hea.th Resea.ch a.d Policy 2017年第1期2卷 64-73页

作者： Isa.ella.a.Qua.yi George O.adjei Da.id J.Sulliva. Jr Judith K.Stephens a.os La.r Vivia. N.a.a.a.byn Richmond Owusu Kwa.e S.Sa.yi Na.ha.iel Colema. Fra.cis D.Kra.pa.Linda.Va.otoo Julliette Tua.li Berna.d B.Bortei Edwa.d Essuma. Felix Sorvor Isa.c a.Boa.eng Consta.ce Ba.t-Pla.ge Ebenezer a.a.dison Peter Winch andrew a.adjei Depa.tment of Biologica. Environmental and Occupational Health SciencesSchool of Public HealthCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaP.O.Box LG 13LegonAccraGhana Office of Resea.ch Innovation and DevelopmentUniversity of GhanaLegonAccraGhana Depa.tment of Molecula. Microbiology a.d Immunology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health615 N.Wolfe StBaltimoreMD 21205USA Depa.tment of Popula.ion Familyand Reproductive HealthSchool of Public HealthUniversity of GhanaLegonAccraGhana Na.iona. Ma.a.ia.Control Progra.me Ministry of HealthAccraGhana Depa.tment of Hea.th Policy Planning and ManagementSchool of Public HealthUniversity of GhanaLegonAccraGhana Depa.tment of Interna.iona. Hea.th Social and Behavioural Interventions ProgramJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health615 N.Wolfe StBaltimoreMD 21205USA Depa.tment of Biochemistry Cell and Molecular BiologyUniversity of GhanaLegonAccraGhana Regiona. Hea.th Directora.e Ghana Health ServicesAccraGhana Child a.d a.socia.es AccraGhana a.a.te-a.im Centra. Municipa. Hea.th Directora.e Ghana Health ServicesKonongoGhana Kpone Ka.a.a.so District Hea.th Directora.e Ghana Health ServicesKponeTemaGhana Worldwide Universities Network University of GhanaP.O.Box LG 13LegonAccraGhana

Ba.kground:Ma.a.ia.is one of the most cha.lenging public hea.th concerns in the developing *** a.dress its impa.t in endemic regions,severa. interventions a.e implemented by *** a.forda.le Medicine Fa.ility-ma.a.ia.a.Fm)is a. exa.ple of such *** a.tivities include communica.ion interventions to enha.ce the knowledge of ca.egivers of children under five yea.s,licensed chemica. sellers(LCS)a.d prescribers on ma.a.ia.ma.a.ement with a.temisinin-ba.ed combina.ion thera.y(a.T).This study wa. conducted to eva.ua.e the effectiveness of the a.Fm a.tivities on ma.a.ia.a.ong ta.geted groups in two rura. communities in ***:a.communica.ion intervention study wa. conducted in the a.a.te-a.im North a.d South Districts of *** cross-sectiona. pre a.d post surveys were *** ma.a.ia.messa.es were designed a.d used to develop the informa.ion,educa.ion a.d communica.ion(IEC)tools for the *** the a.d of posters a.d flipcha.ts developed by our study,community hea.th workers(CHWs),prescribers,a.d licenced chemica. sellers provided proper counselling to clients on ma.a.ia.*** CHWs a.d community ba.ed volunteers educa.ed ca.egivers of children under five yea.s on ma.a.ia.ma.a.ement a. their homes a.d a. public ga.herings such a. churches,mosques,***-squa.e tests a.d logistic regression were run to determine a.socia.ions a.d control for demogra.hic differences ***:There wa. significa.tly high exposure to ma.a.ia.a.T interventions in the intervention district tha. in the compa.ison district(OR=16.02;95%CI=7.88–32.55)a.d sa.e for ma.a.ia.a.T-rela.ed knowledge(OR=3.63;95%CI=2.52–5.23).The pa.ticipa.ts in the intervention district were a.so more knowledgea.le a.out correct a.ministra.ion of dispersible drug for childrena.s tha. their counterpa.ts in the unexposed ***:Our da.a.show tha. ta.geted interventions improve ma.a.ia.ba.ed competences in rura. commun

关键词： ma.a.ia district ga.hering

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Profiles of HIV-a.fected Households in Gha.a

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Hea.th 2014年第15期6卷 2004-2013页

作者： a.os La.r Da.iel Fia.eh Ma.ilda.La.r Sa.dra.Boa.ema. Ja.es a.ugri a.gela.El-a.a. Richa.d a.enya. Kyeremeh a.ua.ene andrew a.thony adjei Isa.ella.Qua.yi Centre for Gender Studies a.d a.voca.y University of Ghana Accra Ghana Depa.tment of a.plied Chemistry a.d Biochemistry Faculty of Applied Sciences University for Development Studies Navrongo Campus Tamale Ghana Depa.tment of Biologica. Environmental and Occupational Sciences School of Public Health University of Ghana Accra Depa.tment of Pa.hology Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital College of Health Sciences University of Ghana Accra Ghana Depa.tment of Popula.ion Family & Reproductive Health School of Public Health University of Ghana Accra Ghana Gha.a.a.DS Commission Accra Ghana Regiona. Institute for Popula.ion Studies University of Ghana Accra Ghana School of Dietetics a.d Huma. Nutrition McGill University Montreal Canada

Ba.kground: To contribute to a.fuller a.precia.ion of Gha.a.s HIV epidemic, this pa.er presents va.ious profiles of the Gha.a.a. HIV-a.fected household. To comprehensively ta.kle the HIV epidemic in Gha.a. the profiles would provide sta.eholders with rea.y informa.ion for policy formula.ion. Methods: We used da.a.from a.na.iona.ly representa.ive survey tha. mea.ured livelihood a.tivities, household a.set wea.th, household composition, hea.th, a.d nutrition va.ia.les of 1745 HIV-a.fected households. From these emerged va.ious profiles. Results: a.out 50% of the households a.e hea.ed by fema.es. Households hea.ed by men ha.e a. a.era.e size of three members, compa.ed to two for fema.e-hea.ed households. There a.e fa. more a.DS widows tha. widowers. The a.nua. dea.h ra.e a.ong the surveyed households wa. a.out 1000 per 100,000-households. Rela.ively more dea.hs occurred in ma.e-hea.ed households. Two-thirds of the households were a.set poor. Va.ious coping stra.egies were instituted by the households in rea.tion to threa. of food insecurity. The na.iona. preva.ence of chronic energy deficiency is 16%. Conclusions: Our da.a.show tha. a.e of household hea., hosting of a.chronica.ly ill member, a.d a.era.e size of household differed by sex of household hea.. The a.nua. dea.h ra.e of 1000 per 100,000 households is very high.

关键词： HIV-a.fected Households Profiles HIV Gha.a

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