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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2023年第3期19卷 767-781页

作者： Idrees Khan Tiri Chinyoka andrew gill Centre for Research in Computational&Applied Mechanics University of Cape TownRondebosch7701South Africa Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of Cape TownRondebosch7701South Africa Centre for High Performance and Computing Council for Scientific and Industrial ResearchRosebankCape Town7700South Africa

The paper explores the gravity-driven flow of the thin film of a viscoelastic-fluid-based nanofluids(VFBN)along an inclined plane under non-isothermal conditions and subjected to convective cooling at the *** Newton’s law of cooling is used to model the convective heat-exchange with the ambient at the *** Giesekus viscoelastic constitutive model,with appropriate modifications to account for non-isothermal effects,is employed to describe the polymeric *** unsteady and coupled non-linear partial differential equations(PDEs)describing the model problem are obtained and solved via efficient semi-implicit numerical schemes based on finite difference methods(FDM)implemented in *** response of the VFBN velocity,temperature,thermal-conductivity and polymeric-stresses to variations in the volume-fraction of embedded nanoparticles is *** is shown that these quantities all increase as the nanoparticle volume-fraction becomes higher.

关键词： Semi-implicit numerical scheme finite difference methods viscoelastic-fluid-based nanofluid(VFBN) nonisothermal viscoelastic flow giesekus constitutive model nanofluid thermal-conductivity gravity-driven flow

Impact of deforestation on habitat connectivity thresholds for large carnivores in tropical forests

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Ecological Processes 2017年第1期6卷 214-224页

作者： Miriam A.Zemanova Humberto L.Perotto-Baldivieso Emily L.Dickins andrew B.gill John P.Leonard David B.Wester School of Energy Environment and AgrifoodCranfield UniversityCranfield MK430ALUK Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of BernBaltzerstrasse 63012 BernSwitzerland Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute Texas A&M University-Kingsville700 University Blvd.MSC 218KingsvilleTX 78363USA Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene MorenoAvenida Irala 565Santa Cruz de la SierraBolivia Hensmans Farm Nearton EndSwanbourne MK170SLUK Cape Eleuthera Institute EleutheraBahamas

Introduction:Deforestation significantly impacts large carnivores that depend on large tracts of interconnected forest habitat and that are sensitive to human *** the relationship between habitat use and spatial distribution of such species across human modified landscapes is critical when planning effective conservation *** study assessed the presence of potential landscape connectivity thresholds resulting from habitat fragmentation associated with different deforestation patterns using a scale-based approach that links species-specific home ranges with the extent of anthropogenic *** objectives were(1)to quantify the spatial and temporal distribution of natural vegetation for five common deforestation patterns and(2)to evaluate the connectivity associated with these patterns and the existence of potential thresholds affecting jaguar *** Bolivian lowlands,located within jaguar conservation units,were analysed with landscape metrics to capture the spatial and temporal changes within deforested areas and to determine potential impact on jaguar connectivity and connectivity thresholds for ***:Over the period of 1976–2005,the amount of natural vegetation has decreased by more than 40%in all locations with the biggest changes occurring between 1991 and *** spatial structure around jaguar locations showed that jaguars used areas with mean proportion of natural areas=83.14%(SE=3.72%),mean patch density=1.16 patches/100 ha(SE=0.28 patches/100 ha),mean patch area=616.95 ha(SE=172.89 ha)and mean edge density=705.27 m/ha(SE=182.19 m/ha).We observed strong fragmentation processes in all study locations,which has resulted in the connectivity of jaguar habitat decreasing to<20%by 2005.A connectivity threshold zone was observed when the proportion of natural vegetation was less than 58.4%(SE=1.3).Conclusions:Assessing fragmentation and connectivity for carnivores within the extent of human-modified la

关键词： Bolivian lowlands Habitat fragmentation Landscape metrics Panthera onca Threshold

Repair of traumatic plasmalemmal damage to neurons and other eukaryotic cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第7期11卷 1033-1042页

作者： George D.Bittner Christopher S.Spaeth andrew D.Poon Zachary S.Burgess Christopher H.Mc gill Department of Neuroscience The University of Texas at Austin

The repair（sealing） of plasmalemmal damage,consisting of small holes to complete transections,is critical for cell survival,especially for neurons that rarely regenerate cell *** first describe and evaluate different measures of cell *** measures,including morphological/ultra-structural observations,membrane potential,and input resistance,provide very ambiguous assessments of plasmalemmal *** contrast,measures of ionic current flow and dye barriers can,if appropriately used,provide more accurate *** describe the effects of various substances（calcium,calpains,cytoskeletal proteins,ESCRT proteins,m UNC-13,NSF,PEG） and biochemical pathways（PKA,PKC,PLC,Epac,cytosolic oxidation） on plasmalemmal sealing probability,and suggest that substances,pathways,and cellular events associated with plasmalemmal sealing have undergone a very conservative *** sealing,calcium ion influx mobilizes vesicles and other membranous structures（lysosomes,mitochondria,etc.） in a continuous fashion to form a vesicular plug that gradually restricts diffusion of increasingly smaller molecules and ions over a period of seconds to ***,we find no direct evidence that sealing occurs through the collapse and fusion of severed plasmalemmal leaflets,or in a single step involving the fusion of one large wound vesicle with the nearby,undamaged *** describe how increases in perikaryal calcium levels following axonal transection account for observations that cell body survival decreases the closer an axon is transected to the ***,we speculate on relationships between plasmalemmal sealing,Wallerian degeneration,and the ability of polyethylene glycol（PEG） to seal cell membranes and rejoin severed axonal ends – an important consideration for the future treatment of trauma to peripheral nerves.A better knowledge of biochemical pathways and cytoplasmic structures involved in plasmalemmal sealing might provide insights to develo

关键词： sealing traumatic eukaryotic vesicles axonal membranous closer biochemical vesicular muscular

Multimorbidity and oral health:need for new models of care

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2020年第4期8卷 28-30页

作者： Balraj gill andrew Harris Christopher Tredwin Paramjit gill Royal London Hospital LondonUK Peninsula Dental School Plymouth UniversityPlymouthUK Unit of Academic Primary Care University of WarwickCoventryUK

Multimorbidity is defined as patients living with two or more chronic health *** prevalence of multimorbidity is increasing,driven by the ageing population,and represents a major challenge to all healthcare systems because these patients are heavy users of *** link with oral health is growing although there is need for further robust *** is also need for new models of care to address oral health in patients with multimorbidity.

关键词： morbidity conditions. patients

New Partnerships for Co-delivery of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第5期11卷 680-685页

作者： Adrian Bucher andrew Collins Ben Heaven Taylor David Pan Emma Visman James Norris Joel Cgill John Rees Mark Felling Marta Tufet Bayona Sonia Cassidy Virginia Murray UK Collaborative on Development Research London NW12BEUK Disaster and Development Network(DDN) Department of Geography and Environmental SciencesNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle-upon-Tyne NE18STUK Evidence Aid AbingdonOxfordshire OX135DBUK Global Health Medical Research Council SwindonSwindon SN21FLUK Department of Geography King's College LondonLondon WC2B 4BGUK VNG Consulting Limited Kent TN248DHUK Ordnance Survey Southampton SO16 OASUK Global Geoscience British Geological SurveyKeyworth NG125GGUK Earth Hazards and Observatories British Geological SurveyNottingham NG123ENUK ALLFED LondonUK Global Disaster Risk Reduction Public Health EnglandLondon SE18UGUK

Partnerships have become a comer stone of contemporary research that recognizes working across disciplines and co-production with intended users as essential to enabling sustainable ***,research that addresses sustainable development challenges brings an urgent need to reflect on the ways that partnerships are supported,and for the disaster risk management and resilience communities,efforts to support realization of the wider 2030 Agenda for sustainable development bring particular *** November 2019,the UK Disasters Research Group(DRG)brought together a number of key stakeholders focused on disaster risk,resilience,and sustainability research relevant to Official DevelopmeAssistance to consider how fit for purpose existing partnership models are for the pace of change required to deliver the priorities of the wider 2030 *** were invited to discuss how research partnerships across three levels(individual and project-based;national and institutional;and international)could be improved based on elements that facilitate robust partnerships and learning from aspects that hinder *** the discussions,participanls emphasized the importance of effective communication mechanisms in building partnerships,co-designing projects,and establishing shared *** approaches to addressing equitable partnerships and funding more substantive timelines will be key to responding to the challenges of the 2030 Agenda.

关键词： 2030 Agenda for sustainable development Disaster risk reduction DRG Inter national development Partnerships Research fun ding

阿尔茨海默痴呆的预防长期教育建立认知储备可预防痴呆

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英国医学杂志中文版 2018年第5期21卷 241-242页

作者：王翠娣(译) 北京医院神经内科

全世界约有5000万人患有痴呆，而且随着寿命的延长，痴呆的人数不断上升，痴呆已成为全球最大的健康和社会经济问题之一。然而，一些国家发病率的下降。使我们看到了通过改变生活方式来预防痴呆的希望。虽然有多种推测的危险因素可导致... 详细信息

全世界约有5000万人患有痴呆，而且随着寿命的延长，痴呆的人数不断上升，痴呆已成为全球最大的健康和社会经济问题之一。然而，一些国家发病率的下降。使我们看到了通过改变生活方式来预防痴呆的希望。虽然有多种推测的危险因素可导致痴呆，但据柳叶刀痴呆委员会计算，全球三分之一的痴呆是由9种因素引起的。

关键词：阿尔茨海默痴呆预防

肾功能和疾病规范命名:改善全球肾脏病预后(KDIGO)会议共识

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临床儿科杂志 2022年第8期40卷 627-633页

作者：王忍高春林夏正坤张沛(译) 东部战区总医院儿科江苏南京210002

为规范描述肾功能和疾病的专业术语,2019年6月改善全球肾脏病预后组织(KDIGO)召开共识会议,对肾脏功能和疾病、肾衰竭、急性肾脏病和急性肾损伤、慢性肾脏病及肾脏评估共5个部分的内容制定了相应的术语表,并就以下建议达成共识。①对于... 详细信息

为规范描述肾功能和疾病的专业术语,2019年6月改善全球肾脏病预后组织(KDIGO)召开共识会议,对肾脏功能和疾病、肾衰竭、急性肾脏病和急性肾损伤、慢性肾脏病及肾脏评估共5个部分的内容制定了相应的术语表,并就以下建议达成共识。①对于肾脏功能和疾病的一般描述,使用术语“kidney”,而不使用“renal”或前缀“nephro-”;②使用“肾衰竭(kidney failure)”并适当描述是否存在相应症状、体征和治疗,而不是“终末期肾脏疾病(end-stage kidney disease)”;③使用KDIGO对急性肾脏病(AKD)和急性肾损伤(AKI)进行定义和分类;④使用KDIGO对慢性肾脏病(CKD)进行定义和分类;⑤使用特定的肾脏检测指标,例如蛋白尿或肾小球滤过率(GFR)降低,而不是肾功能“异常(abnormal)”或“降低(reduced)”来描述肾脏结构和功能的改变。文章简要总结会议的主要讨论。

关键词：肾脏功能肾脏疾病术语

1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-basedmetabonomic study in patients with cirrhosis and hepaticencephalopathy

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第12期7卷 1701-1707页

作者： Konstantinos John Dabos John andrew Parkinson Ian Howard Sadler John Nicholas Plevris Peter Clive Hayes Centre of Liver and Digestive Disorders Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh Department of Chemistry University of Strathclyde Department of Chemistry University of Edinburgh

AIM: To identify plasma metabolites used as biomarkers in order to distinguish cirrhotics from controls and ***: A clinical study involving stable cirrhotic patients with and without overt hepatic encephalopathy was designed. A control group of healthy volunteers was used. Plasma from those patients was analysed using 1H- nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We used the Carr Purcell Meiboom gill sequence to process the sample spectra at ambient probe temperature. We used a gated secondary irradiation field for water signal suppression. Samples were calibrated and referenced using the sodium trimethyl silyl propionate peak at 0.00 ppm. For each sample 128 transients(FID's) were acquired into 32 K complex data points over a spectral width of 6 KHz. 30 degree pulses were applied with an acquisition time of 4.0 s in order to achieve better resolution, followed by a recovery delay of 12 s, to allow for complete relaxation and recovery of the magnetisation. A metabolic profile was created for stable cirrhotic patients without signs of overt hepatic encephalopathy and encephalopathic patients as well as healthy controls. Stepwise discriminant analysis was then used and discriminant factors were created to differentiate between the three ***: Eighteen stabled cirrhotic patients, eighteen patients with overt hepatic encephalopathy and seventeen healthy volunteers were recruited. Patients with cirrhosis had significantly impaired ketone body metabolism, urea synthesis and gluconeogenesis. This was demonstrated by higher concentrations of acetoacetate(0.23 ± 0.02 vs 0.05 ± 0.00, P < 0.01), and b-hydroxybutarate(0.58 ± 0.14 vs 0.08 ± 0.00, P < 0.01), lower concentrations of glutamine(0.44 ± 0.08 vs 0.63 ± 0.03, P < 0.05), histidine(0.16 ± 0.01 vs 0.36 ± 0.04, P < 0.01) and arginine(0.08 ± 0.01 vs 0.14 ± 0.02, P < 0.03) and higher concentrations of glutamate(1.36 ± 0.25 vs 0.58 ± 0.04, P < 0.01), lactate(1.53 ± 0.11 vs 0.42 ± 0.05, P < 0.01),

关键词： Ketone bodies Branch chain amino acids Glutamine Glycolysis

Observatory science with eXTP

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2019年第2期62卷 97-138页

作者： Jean J.M.in 't Zand Enrico Bozzo JinLu Qu Xiang-Dong Li Lorenzo Amati Yang Chen Immacolata Donnarumma Victor Doroshenko Stephen A.Drake Margarita Hernanz Peter A.Jenke Thomas J.Maccarone Simin Mahmoodifar Domitilla de Martino Alessandra De Rosa Elena M.Rossi Antonia Rowlinson Gloria Sala Giulia Stratta Thomas M.Tauris Joern Wilms XueFeng Wu Ping Zhou Iván Agudo Diego Altamirano Jean-Luc Atteia Nils A.andersson M.Cristina Baglio David R.Ballantyne Altan Baykal Ehud Behar Tomaso Belloni Sudip Bhattacharyya Stefano Bianchi Anna Bilous Pere Blay Joao Braga Sφren Brandt Edward F.Brown Niccolo Bucciantini Luciano Burderi Edward M.Cackett Riccardo Campana Sergio Campana Piergiorgio Casella Yuri Cavecchi Frank Chambers Liang Chen Yu-Peng Chen Jér?me Chenevez Maria Chernyakova ChiChuan Jin Riccardo Ciolfi Elisa Costantini andrew Cumming Antonino D'Aì Zi-Gao Dai Filippo D'Ammando Massimiliano De Pasquale Nathalie Degenaar Melania Del Santo Valerio D'Elia Tiziana Di Salvo Gerry Doyle Maurizio Falanga XiLong Fan Robert D.Ferdman Marco Feroci Federico Fraschetti Duncan K.Galloway Angelo F.Gambino Poshak Gandhi MingYu Ge Bruce Gendre Ramandeep gill Diego G?tz Christian Gouiffès Paola Grandi Jonathan Granot Manuel Güdel Alexander Heger Craig O.Heinke Jeroen Homan Rosario Iaria Kazushi Iwasawa Luca Izzo Long Ji Peter G.Jonker Jordi José Jelle S.Kaastra Emrah Kalemci Oleg Kargaltsev Nobuyuki Kawai Laurens Keek Stefanie Komossa Ingo Kreykenbohm Lucien Kuiper Devaky Kunneriath Gang Li En-Wei Liang Manuel Linares Francesco Longo FangJun Lu Alexander A.Lutovinov Denys Malyshev Julien Malzac Antonios Manousakis Ian McHardy Missagh Mehdipour YunPeng Men Mariano Méndez Roberto P.Mignani Romana Mikusincova M.Coleman Miller Giovanni Miniutti Christian Motch Joonas Nättilä Emanuele Nardini Torsten Neubert Paul T.O'Brien Mauro Orlandini Julian P.Osborne Luigi Pacciani Stéphane Paltani Maurizio Paolillo Iossif E.Papadakis Biswajit Paul Alberto Pellizzoni Uria Peretz Miguel A.Pérez Torres Emanuele Perinati Chanda Prescod-Weinstein Pablo Reig SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research Department of Astronomy University of Geneva Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University INAF-IASF Bologna ASI Via del Politecnico snc INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologie Spaziali Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik Tübingen Universit?t Tübingen NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ICREA&Institute of Space Sciences(IEEC-CSIC) Campus UABCarrer de Can Magrans CSPAR SPA University of Alabama in Huntsville Department of Physics Texas Tech University INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte Leiden Observatory Leiden University Anton Pannekoek Institute University of Amsterdam ASTRON Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya(UPC-IEEC) Universitádegli Studi di Urbino‘Carlo Bo’ Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Dr.Karl-Remeis-Sternwarte and Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics(ECAP) Friedrich Alexander Universit?t Erlangen-Nurnberg Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Instituto de Astrofysíca de Andalucia-CSIC Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Southampton IRAP Universitéde ToulouseCNRSUPSCNES Mathematical Sciences and STAG Research Centre University of Southampton New York University Abu Dhabi Center for Relativistic Astrophysics School of PhysicsGeorgia Institute of Technology Physics Department Middle East Technical University Department of Physics Technion-Israel Institute of Technology INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica Universitàdegli Studi Roma Tre Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais-INPE National Space Institute Technical University of Denmark(DTU Space) Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri Dipartimento di Fisica Universitádegli Studi di Cagliari Department of Physics and A

In this White Paper we present the potential of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry(eXTP) mission for studies related to Observatory Science targets. These include flaring stars, supernova remnants, accreting white dwarfs, low and high mass X-ray binaries, radio quiet and radio loud active galactic nuclei, tidal disruption events, and gamma-ray bursts. eXTP will be excellently suited to study one common aspect of these objects: their often transient nature. Developed by an international Consortium led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Science, the eXTP mission is expected to be launched in the mid 2020s.

关键词： space research in struments nuclear astrophysics flare stars accretion and accretion disks mass loss and stellar winds cataclysmic binaries X-ray binaries supernova remnants active galactic nuclei X-ray bursts gamma-ray bursts gravitational waves