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Different maternal investment strategies for male and female calves in a polygynous mammal

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Current Zoology 2019年第3期65卷 269-277页

作者： Francisco CEACERO Martina KOMARKOVA andres J.GARCIA Laureano GALLEGO Department of Animal Science and Food Processing Faculty of Tropical AgriSciencesCzech University of Life Sciences Kamycka 12916500 Praha 6-Suchdol Czech Republic Department of Ethology Institute of Animal Science Pratelstvi 815 10401 Praha - Uhnneves Czech Republic Instituto de Investigacion en Recursos Cinegeticos (IREC) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha-Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM) Ronda de Toledo s/n 13071 Ciudad RealSpain Seccion de Recursos Cinegeticos y Ganaderos Instituto de Desarrollo Regional (IDR)02071 AlbaceteSpain Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnologia Agroforestal y Genetica ETSIAM Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha(UCLM)02071 AlbaceteSpain

Mater nal effects occur whe n the phe no type of the mother in flue nces that of the young to the detriment of her survival, growth or fitn ess. The in vestment of the mother can be affected by mater nal body condition and/or experience. Trivers-Willard Hypothesis (TWH) and Local Resource Competition Hypothesis (LRCH) are the main hypotheses used to explain bias in birth sex-ratios in mammals, as well as for sex-biased maternal investment. Both hypotheses suggest that a different amount of investment must be expected according to the sex of the young. However, recent studies suggest that these differences are not in quantity but in the strategies: mechanisms and objectives may differ for each sex. We studied how maternal characteristics (age, body mass, body condition, and domi nance status) influence re leva nt aspects of the birth and early growth of the calf (birth date, birth body mass, body mass at weaning, and body condition at weaning) separately for each sex;and how that investment is mediated by milk production and composition (lactose, fat, and protein). One hundred eighty-eight newborns from 75 captive red deer hinds aged from 2 to 19 years were analyzed. The main differential investment observed was related to birth date: when producing a female, hinds give birth earlier in the season only if they have a good body condition;however, when gestating a male it is the older hinds those which deliver earlier. Subsequently, milk production and composition are correlated with birth body mass in female calves, but to weaning body mass in males. Thus, only hind body mass affects the weaning body mass of female calves, compared with age and hind body mass in males. These results suggest that while TWH fits the maternal investment strategy found for male calves, it is LRCH which correlates with the maternal investment patterns observed for females.

关键词： birth date body condition local resources competition hypothesis milk production sex-ratio Trivers-Willard hypothesis

Platelet rich plasma(PRP)induces autophagy in osteoblast precursor 3T3-L1

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BIOCELL 2018年第1期42卷 13-16页

作者： SERGIO andres CARMINATI MARÍA CAROLINA BARBOSA CLAUDIO MARCELO FADER Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Facultad de OdontologíaMendozaArgentina Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET).Instituto de Histología y Embriología(IHEM) Facultad de Ciencias MédicasUniversidad Nacional de CuyoMendozaArgentina

Autophagy is an essential cellular homeostatic mechanism by which intracellular components are delivered into the lysosomes for degradation and *** has been related with a diversity of pathological or physiological dentary processes such as bone remodeling,skeletal aging,osteoclastogenesis,osteoblastogenesis and different types of oral ***-rich plasma(PRP),isolated from autologous blood,is a plasma preparation containing a higher concentration of platelets which contains numerous different growth factors and cytokines that activate several cellular signaling *** purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of PRP on autophagy stimulation in both osteoblast precursor 3T3-L1 and non-related osteoblastic *** results showed that PRP can increase the number of autophagic structures in 3T3-L1 and HeLa(cervical cancer cells)***,we have determined by Western blot a rise in the lipidated form of the autophagic protein LC3(***3-II)upon PRP *** together,our results suggest that PRP is able to induce a strongly autophagy response in osteoblast precursor and,to a lesser extent,in non-related osteoblastic cells,suggesting that PRP could be a potential therapeutic tool for some autophagy-related diseases associated with bone homeostasis.

关键词： Autophagy 3T3-L1 Platelet rich plasma Odontology

Research on Transitional Justice,International Humanitarian Law and Internal Conflicts——The Case of Colombia and El Salvador

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Research on Transitional Justice,International Humanitarian ...

作者： Fabio andres Piraquive Puerto 华中师范大学

学位级别：硕士

本文以萨尔瓦多(中美洲)和哥伦比亚(南美洲)的国内冲突为例,探讨了国际人道主义法在萨尔瓦多和哥伦比亚的国内冲突中,通过国际规范进行的强有力的干预以及人道主义法在结束两国国内冲突中的作用。研究表明,过渡司法和国际人道主义法虽... 详细信息

本文以萨尔瓦多(中美洲)和哥伦比亚(南美洲)的国内冲突为例,探讨了国际人道主义法在萨尔瓦多和哥伦比亚的国内冲突中,通过国际规范进行的强有力的干预以及人道主义法在结束两国国内冲突中的作用。研究表明,过渡司法和国际人道主义法虽然在结束非国际性武装冲突中具有较强的适用性,但仍然存在不足之处,需要不断改进和完善。需要强调的是,本研究将国际人道主义法分为两部分:一是国际冲突规则,二是非国际冲突规则。而本文主要研究第二部分的“非国际冲突规则”,它们主要来源于日内瓦公约的第三条和公约第二《附加议定书》中的过渡司法和武装冲突法。

关键词：非国际武装冲突国际人道主义法过渡司法哥伦比亚萨尔瓦多

Left ventricular non-compaction presenting as cardio-embolic stroke

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2020年第10期17卷 645-646页

作者： andres Martinez Michael Omar Fadi Kandah Jose Ruiz Ahsan Niazi Department of Internal Medicine University of Florida College of Medicine-JacksonvilleFloridaUSA Department of Cardiology University of Florida College of Medicine-JacksonvilleFloridaUSA Department of Neurology University of Florida College of Medicine-JacksonvilleFloridaUSA

A 39-year-old male with no known comorbidities presented with sudden onset right-sided *** examination,blood pressure was 128/79 mmHg,National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was 4 and there were no signs of heart *** computerized tomography demonstrated an ischemic infarct of the left middle cerebral artery distribution and brain magnetic resonance imaging later confirmed it(Figure 1).

关键词： Cardio-embolic Cardiomyopathy Non-compaction Trabeculae

Fast preparation route to high-performances textured Sr-doped Ca_3Co_4O_9 thermoelectric materials through precursor powder modification

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Science China Materials 2019年第3期62卷 399-406页

作者： Miguel Angel Torres Gustavo Garcia Idoia Urrutibeascoa Maria Antonieta Madre Juan Carlos Diez andres Sotelo ICMA (CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza) Centro Stirling S. Coop. Mondragon Unibertsitatea

This work presents a short and very efficient method to produce high performance textured Ca_3Co_4O_9 thermoelectric materials through initial powders modification. Microstructure has shown good grain orientation, and low porosity while slightly lower grain sizes were obtained in samples prepared from attrition milled powders. All samples show the high density of around 96% of the theoretical *** similar characteristics are reflected in, approximately,the same electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficient values for both types of samples. However, in spite of similar power factor(PF) at low temperatures, it is slightly higher at high temperature for the attrition milled samples. On the other hand, the processing time reduction(from 38 to 2 h) when using attrition milled precursors, leads to lower mechanical properties in these samples. All these data clearly point out to the similar characteristics of both kinds of samples, with a drastic processing time decrease when using attrition milled precursors, which is of the main economic importance when considering their industrial production.

关键词： ceramics oxides hot-pressing electrical properties power factor

The Impact of Recent Reforms and Determinants of Pharmaceutical Industry Patent Application in China

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The Impact of Recent Reforms and Determinants of Pharmaceuti...

作者： Felix andres Conde Chaux 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

China`s State Intellectual Property Office in 2015 became the first office to receive over a million patent applications in a single *** office received almost as many applications as the leaders in IP area combined(Japan,the Republic of Korea and U.S.).On the other hand,China`s pharmaceutical market became the world 2nd(regarding industry value),coming from the 9th place,in the period between 2005 to 2016,according to a IMS Health *** on a patent search and literature research,this study carefully analyzes the impact of recent reforms in the patent applications from pharmaceutical industry in China,identifies the principal fields of technology developed,leading inventors and companies patenting products in the country,and a trend in the applications after two major reforms in the patent ***,based on a questionnaire and interviews to 18 companies with operations in China,the study identifies the factors that companies in pharmaceutical industry considered the most important for their IP strategy and patent application;it has been found that(i) partnership(ii) exclusivity and(iii) licensing opportunities are the factors that influence those decisions in the ***,it has been found that companies are satisfied with the IPR system and found it userfriendly,as well as helpful to the industry growth.

关键词： Intellectual Property Patent Law IP strategy Pharmaceutical Industry

A lattice Boltzmann exploration of two-phase displacement in 2D porous media under various pressure boundary conditions

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第6期14卷 1782-1798页

作者： Guanxi Yan Zi Li Thierry Bore Sergio andres Galindo Torres Alexander Scheuermann Ling Li School of Civil Engineering University of QueenslandSt LuciaBrisbaneQLD4072Australia School of Engineering Westlake UniversityHangzhou310024China Institute of Advanced Technology Westlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhou310024China

While experimental designs developed in recent decades have contributed to research on dynamic nonequilibrium effects in transient two-phase flow in porous media,this problem has been seldom investigated using direct numerical simulation(DNS).Only a few studies have sought to numerically solve Navier—Stokes equations with level-set(LS)or volume-of-fluid(VoF)methods,each of which has constraints in terms of meniscus dynamics for various flow velocities in the control volume(CV)*** Shan—Chen multiphase multicomponent lattice Boltzmann method(SC-LBM)has a fundamental mechanism to separate immiscible fluid phases in the density domain without these ***,this study applied it to explore two-phase displacement in a single representative elementary volume(REV)of two-dimensional(2D)porous *** a continuation of a previous investigation into one-step inflow/outflow in 2D porous media,this work seeks to identify dynamic nonequilibrium effects on capillary pressure—saturation relationship(P_(c)—S)for quasi-steady-state flow and multistep inflow/outflow under various pressure boundary *** simulation outcomes show that P_(c),S and specific interfacial area(a_(nw))had multistep-wise dynamic effects corresponding to the multistep-wise pressure boundary *** finer adjustments to the increase in pressure over more steps,dynamic nonequilibrium effects were significantly alleviated and even finally disappeared to achieve quasisteady-state inflow/outflow ***,triangular wave-formed pressure boundary conditions were applied in different periods to investigate dynamic nonequilibrium effects for hysteretical Pc—*** results showed overshoot and undershoot of P_(c)to S in loops of the nonequilibrium *** addition,the flow regimes of multistep-wise dynamic effects were analyzed in terms of Reynolds and capillary numbers(Re and Ca).The analysis of REV-scale flow regimes showed higher Re(1

关键词： Two-phase flow Porous media Dynamic effects Multistep in/outflow Capillary pressure Interfacial area Flow regimes

Plant plasma membrane-resident receptors:Surveillance for infections and coordination for growth and development

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第1期63卷 79-101页

作者： Ana Marcia Escocard de Azevedo Manhaes Fausto andres Ortiz-Morea Ping He Libo Shan Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station Texas77843USA Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station Texas77843USA Centro de Investigaciones Amazonicas CIMAZ-MACAGUAL Universidad de la AmazoniaFlorencia 180002622Colombia

As sessile organisms, plants are exposed to pathogen invasions and environmental fluctuations. To overcome the challenges of their surroundings, plants acquire the potential to sense endogenous and exogenous cues, resulting in their adaptability. Hence, plants have evolved a large collection of plasma membrane-resident receptors, including RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASEs(RLKs) and RECEPTOR-LIKE PROTEINs(RLPs) to perceive those signals and regulate plant growth,development, and immunity. The ability of RLKs and RLPs to recognize distinct ligands relies on diverse categories of extracellular domains evolved. Co-regulatory receptors are often required to associate with RLKs and RLPs to facilitate cellular signal transduction. RECEPTOR-LIKE CYTOPLASMIC KINASEs(RLCKs) also associate with the complex, bifurcating the signal to key signaling hubs, such as MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE(MAPK) cascades, to regulate diverse biological processes. Here, we discuss recent knowledge advances in understanding the roles of RLKs and RLPs in plant growth, development, and immunity, and their connection with co-regulatory receptors, leading to activation of diverse intracellular signaling pathways.

关键词： co-regulatory receptors plant growth and development plant immunity RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE(RLK) RECEPTOR-LIKE PROTEIN(RLP) signal transduction

Gastrointestinal manifestations of systemic sclerosis:An updated review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第22期9卷 6201-6217页

作者： Adan Luquez-Mindiola Alexis Javier Atuesta andres Jose Gómez-Aldana Department of Gastroenterology Gut MédicaBogota 11711 Colombia Department of Internal Medicine Universidad Nacional de ColombiaBogota 11711Colombia Department of Endoscopy Santa Fe Foundation of Bogotá(Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá)Bogotá11711Colombia Faculty of Medicine Universidad de los AndesBogota 11711Colombia

Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune disease characterized by vascular disease,fibrosis of the skin,and internal organ *** involvement is the most frequent complication of internal organs,impacting up to 90%of *** involvement can affect any region of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus,with a predominance of disorders being observed at the level of the upper digestive *** gastrointestinal involvement primarily involves the esophagus,small bowel,and *** severity of gastrointestinal involvement affects quality of life and is a marker of worse prognosis and mortality in these *** this review,we describe the current findings regarding gastrointestinal involvement by this entity.

关键词： Systemic sclerosis Gastrointestinal Diagnosis Treatment