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Rupture area analysis of the Ecuador (Musine) Mw = 7.8 thrust earthquake on April 16, 2016, using GOCE derived gradients

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2017年第1期8卷 49-58页

作者： Orlando Alvarez andres folguera Mario Gimenez lnstituto Geofisico y Sismologico lng Volponi Universidad Nacional de San Juan Argentina Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas Argentina indean-instituto de Estudios Andinos "Don Pablo Groeber" Departamento de Cs. Geologicas FCEN Universidad de Buenos Aires Argentina

The Ecuador Mw - 7.8 earthquake on April 16, 2016, ruptured a nearly 200 km long zone along the plate interface between Nazca and South American plates which is coincident with a seismic gap since 1942, when a Mw - 7.8 earthquake happened. This earthquake occurred at a margin characterized by moderately big to giant earthquakes such as the 1906 （Mw 8.8）. A heavily sedimented trench explains the abnormal lengths of the rupture zones in this system as inhibits the role of natural barriers on the propagation of rupture zones. High amount of sediment thickness is associated with tropical climates, high erosion rates and eastward Pacific dominant winds that provoke orographic rainfalls over the Pacific slope of the Ecuatorian Andes. Offshore sediment dispersion off the oceanic trench is controlled by a close arrangement of two aseismic ridges that hit the Costa Rico and South Ecuador margin respectively and a mid ocean ridge that separates the Cocos and Nazca plate trapping sediments. Gravity field and Ocean Circulation Explorer （GOCE） satellite data are used in this work to test the possible relationship between gravity signal and earthquake rupture structure as well as registered aftershock seismic activity. Reduced vertical gravity gradient shows a good correlation with rupture structure for certain degrees of the harmonic expansion and related depth of the causative mass; indicating, such as in other analyzed cases along the subduction margin, that fore-arc structure derived from density heterogeneities explains at a certain extent propagation of the rupture zones. In this analysis the rupture zone of the April 2016 Ecuador earthquake developed through a relatively low density zone of the fore-arc sliver. Finally, aftershock sequence nucleated around the area of maximum slips in the rupture zone, suggesting that heterogeneous density structure of the fore-arc determined from gravity data could be used in forecasting potential damaged zones associated with big rupture

关键词： Gravity field and Ocean Circulation Explorer(GOCE)Vertical gravity gradientEcuador earthquakeTrench sedimentsRupture zone

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Payenia Quaternary flood basalts(southern Mendoza, Argentina)：Geophysical constraints on their volume

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第5期7卷 775-782页

作者： Mauro G.Spagnuolo Darío L.Orts Mario Gimenez andres folguera Victor A.Ramos Instituto de Estudios Andinos Don Pablo Groeber (I DEAN) UBA-CONICET Argentina Instituto de Investigacion en Paleobiologia y Geologia Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro - CONICET Argentina Instituto Geofisico y Sismologico Ing. Volponi Universidad Nacional de San Juan. CONICET Argentina

The Quaternary volcanic province of Payenia is located in southern Mendoza and northern Neuquén provinces of Argentina and is characterized by a dominant basaltic composition. The volcanic province covers an area larger than 40,000 km2 and its origin and evolution has been the center of several *** this study we analyzed gravity data together with more accurate volcanic volumes calculations in order to investigate the subsurface structure of the Payenia volcanic province. The volume of material was calculated using digital elevation models and geographic information system（GIS） techniques to estimate the volume of material erupted and then, with those values, make an estimation of the intrusive material that could be located within the crust. The results of the calculations were compared with different 2D-sections constructed to model the gravity data and compare with the observed satellite gravity. After evaluating different models which have been generated to match both： the observed gravity data and the subsurface material calculated, we discuss those that best fit with observation. The results clearly indicate that the lithosphere is attenuated below the region.

关键词： Payenia Gravimetric model Plume Uplift Andes

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The subduction of the Copiapó aseismic ridge,is the causing of the formation of metallic minerals deposits in north of Chile and Argentina?

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2019年第6期10卷 471-476页

作者： Mario Gimenez Gemma Acosta Orlando Alvarez Agustina Pesce Federico Lince Kinger andres folguera Instituto Geofisico Sismologico Volponi FCEFNUniversidad Nacional de San JuanCONICETRuta 12 Marguesado(Jardin de Los Poetas)RiνadaviaSanJuanArgentina IDEAN-CONICET Universidad de Buenos Aires Argentina

The results obtained in this work evince that the metallic mineral deposits located in the northern region of the Chilean-Pampean flat slab(in northern Chile and north-western Argentina),at approximately 27°30’S,would be related to the subduction of the Copiapo aseismic *** analysis of the gravity anomalies and vertical gravity gradient allows inferring a deflection and truncation of the main trend of the Andean structures at the extrapolated zone of the Copiapo ridge beneath South ***,the general NNE-trend of the Andean structures are rotated locally to an ENE-strike within the area of the Ojos del Salado-San Buena Ventura *** explain that this anomalous behavior of the gravity derived anomalies is related to the deformational effects imprinted by the ridge *** with a low subduction angle(<30° to horizontal)are related to large mineralization due to fluids released by dehydration of the subducting *** addition,a higher degree of mantle melting could be produced by a thicker oceanic ***,we interpret that the processes associated to the subduction of the Copiapo aseismic ridge(emplaced on a thickened oceanic crust due to a local compensation of the seamounts)are the cause of formation and emplacement of big metallic mineral deposits in this region of Chile and Argentina.

关键词： Aseismic ridge Satellite gravity Ojos del Salado-San Buena Ventura lineament Metallic mineral deposits

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An Andean tectonic cycle:From crustal thickening to extension in a thin crust(34°-37°SL)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第3期5卷 351-367页

作者： Victor A.Ramos Vanesa D.Litvak Andrés folguera Mauro Spagnuolo Laboratorio de Tectonica Andina del Instituto de Estudios Andinos Don Pablo GroeberCONICET-Universidad de Buenos AiresArgentina

Several orogenic cycles of mountain building and subsequent collapse associated with periods of shal- lowing and steepening of subduction zones have been recognized in recent years in the Andes. Most of them are characterized by widespread crustal delamination expressed by large calderas and rhyolitic flare-up produced by the injection of hot asthenosphere in the subduction wedge. These processes are related to the increase of the subduction angle during trench roll-back. The Payenia paleoflat-slab, in the southern Central Andes of Argentina and Chile （34° -37°S） recorded a complete cycle from crustal thickening and mountain uplift to extensional collapse and normal faulting, which are related to changes in the subduction geometry. The early stages are associated with magmatic expansion and migration, subsequent deformation and broken foreland. New ages and geochemical data show the middle to late Miocene expansion and migration of arc volcanism towards the foreland region was associated with important deformation in the Andean foothills. However, the main difference of this orogenic cycle with the previously described cycles is that the steepening of the oceanic subducted slab is linked to basaltic flooding of large areas in the retroarc under an extensional setting. Crustal delamination is concentrated only in a narrow central belt along the cordilleran axis. The striking differences between the two types of cycles are interpreted to be related to the crustal thickness when steepening the subducting slab, The crustal thickness of the Altiplano is over 60-80 km, whereas Payenia is less than 42 km in the axial part, and near 30 km in the retroarc foothills. The final extensional regime associated with the slab steepening favors the basaltic flooding of more than 8400 km3 in an area larger than 40,000 km2, through 800 central vents and large fissures. These characteristics are unique in the entire present-day Andes.

关键词： Andes Retroarc magmatism Basaltic floods Crustal delamination Flat-slab

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Challenges and improvement strategies in the hospitalization of chronic multimorbid patients

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第3期13卷 35-41页

作者： andres Fontalba-Navas Francisco Pozo Muñoz Rogelio Garcia Cisneros Maria Jose Garcia Larrosa Maria del Mar Callejon Gil Ignacio Garcia Delgado Maria Belen Jimenez Martinez Antequera Hospital Northern Málaga Integrated Healthcare AreaAntequera 29200AndalusiaSpain Department of Public Health and Psychiatry University of MálagaMálaga 29010Spain Antequera Hospital Northern Málaga Antequera Integrated Healthcare AreaAntequera 29200MálagaSpain

BACKGROUND Addressing the growing challenge of hospitalizing chronic multimorbid patients,this study examines the strain these conditions impose on healthcare systems at a local level,focusing on a pilot *** diseases and complex patients require comprehensive management strategies to reduce healthcare burdens and improve patient *** proven effective,this pilot model has the potential to be replicated in other healthcare settings to enhance the management of chronic multimorbid *** To evaluate the effectiveness of the high complexity unit(HCU)in managing chronic multimorbid patients through a multidisciplinary care model and to compare it with standard hospital *** The study employed a descriptive longitudinal approach,analyzing data from the Basic Minimum Data Set(BMDS)to compare hospitalization variables among the HCU,the Internal Medicine Service,and other services at Antequera Hospital throughout *** HCU,designed for patients with complex chronic conditions,integrates a patient-centered model emphasizing multidisciplinary care and continuity *** The study employed a descriptive longitudinal approach,analyzing data from the BMDS to compare hospitalization variables among the HCU,the Internal Medicine Service,and other services at Antequera Hospital throughout *** HCU,designed for patients with complex chronic conditions,integrates a patient-centered model emphasizing multidisciplinary care and continuity *** This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the HCU in managing patients with complex chronic diseases through a multidisciplinary *** coordinated care provided by the HCU results in improved patient outcomes,reduced unnecessary hospitalizations,and better management of patient *** superiority of the HCU compared to standard care is evident in key outcomes such as fewer readmissions and higher patient satisfaction,reinforcing its value as a model of ca

关键词： High complexity unit Chronic multimorbidity Patient-centered care Integrated care Healthcare management

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The Early Evolutionary History and Adaptive Radiation of the Pterosauria

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2012年第6期86卷 1356-1365页

作者： Brian andres Department of Geology University of South Florida

Phylogenetic analyses of early pterosaur species are relatively new and contradictory. However, they imply a similar evolutionary history for early pterosaurs： a large divergence of all major early groups of pterosaurs before the first named pterosaur species appeared in the fossil record. This large, unsampled divergence may be a record of the initial adaptive radiation of the pterosaurs, but a recent comprehensive phylogenetic analysis reconstructs named Triassic pterosaur species grouped together in a monophyletic clade with all other major groups diverging later. Ten patterns that characterize adaptive radiations put forward by Gavrilets and Losos （2009） are assessed for congruence with the comprehensive phylogeny and two previous phylogenies to determine which are consistent with our notions of an adaptive radiation. Of the eight patterns that can be applied to pterosaurs, only six vary between pterosaur phylogenies. Of these six patterns, all apply to the three phylogenies with varying amounts of support. For many patterns, however, the comprehensive phylogeny has a greater magnitude, shorter time span, or is the only topology within which they can be assessed. Pterosaurs are characterized by an adaptive radiation no matter which phylogeny is considered, but congruence with the fossil record increases the support and information content of a phylogeny by reducing the time and area within which to reconstruct evolutionary history.

关键词： Pterosauria adaptive radiation phylogeny Triassic

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Goce derived geoid changes before the Pisagua 2014 earthquake

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2018年第1期9卷 50-56页

作者： Orlando Alvarez Mario Gimenez Andrés folguera Sofia Guillen Claudia Tocho Instituto Geofisico y Sismológico lng Volponi FCEFyNUniversidad Nacional de San JuanArgentina Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas Argentina INDEAN-Instituto de Estudios Andinos"Don Pablo Groeber" Departamento de Cs.GeologicasFCENUniversidad de Buenos AiresArgentina Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofisicas Universidad Nacional de La PlataArgentina

The analysis of space-time surface deformation during earthquakes reveals the variable state of stress that occurs at deep crustal levels, and this information can be used to better understand the seismic cycle. Understanding the possible mechanisms that produce earthquake precursors is a key issue for earthquake prediction. In the last years, modern geodesy can map the degree of seismic coupling during the interseismic period, as well as the coseismic and postseismic slip for great earthquakes along subduction zones. Earthquakes usually occur due to mass transfer and consequent gravity variations, where these changes have been monitored for intraplate earthquakes by means of terrestrial gravity measurements. When stresses and correspondent rupture areas are large, affecting hundreds of thousands of square kilometres（as occurs in some segments along plate interface zones）, satellite gravimetry data become relevant. This is due to the higher spatial resolution of this type of data when compared to terrestrial data, and also due to their homogeneous precision and availability across the whole *** gravity missions as GOCE can map the Earth gravity field with unprecedented precision and resolution. We mapped geoid changes from two GOCE satellite models obtained by the direct approach,which combines data from other gravity missions as GRACE and LAGEOS regarding their best characteristics. The results show that the geoid height diminished from a year to five months before the main seismic event in the region where maximum slip occurred after the Pisagua Mw = 8.2 great megathrust earthquake. This diminution is interpreted as accelerated inland-directed interseismic mass transfer before the earthquake, coinciding with the intermediate degree of seismic coupling reported in the region. We highlight the advantage of satellite data for modelling surficial deformation related to preseismic displacements. This deformation, combined to geodetical and seismological dat

关键词： Satellite gravimetry Pre-seismic geoid changes Great megathrust earthquakes Subduction zones Forecasting and monitoring

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Phylogenetic framework for coevolutionary studies： a compass for exploring jungles of tangled trees

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Current Zoology 2016年第4期62卷 393-403页

作者： andres MARTiNEZ-AQUINO Division Zoologfa Invertebrados Museo de La Plata FCNyM UNLP Paseo del Bosque s/n 1900 La Plata Argentina

Phylogenetics is used to detect past evolutionary events, from how species originated to how their ecological interactions with other species arose, which can mirror cophylogenetic patterns. Cophylogenetic reconstructions uncover past ecological relationships between taxa through inferred coevolutionary events on trees, for example, codivergence, duplication, host-switching, and loss. These events can be detected by cophylogenetic analyses based on nodes and the length and branching pattern of the phylogenetic trees of symbiotic associations, for example, host-parasite. In the past 2 decades, algorithms have been developed for cophylogetenic analyses and implemented in different software, for ex ample, statistical congruence index and event-based methods. Based on the combination of these approaches, it is possible to integrate temporal information into cophylogenetical inference, such as es- timates of lineage divergence times between 2 taxa, for example, hosts and parasites. Additionally, the advances in phylogenetic biogeography applying methods based on parametric process models and combined Bayesian approaches, can be useful for interpreting coevolutionary histories in a scenario of biogeographical area connectivity through time. This article briefly reviews the basics of parasitology and provides an overview of software packages in cophylogenetic methods. Thus, the objective here is to present a phylogenetic framework for coevolutionary studies, with special emphasis on groups of parasitic organisms. Researchers wishing to undertake phylogeny-based coevolutionary studies can use this review as a ＂compass＂ when ＂walking＂ through jungles of tangled phylogenetic trees.

关键词： coevolution cophylogenetic analyses host-parasite molecular systematics parametric biogeography symbiosis.

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Within plate seismicity analysis in the segment between the high Cordillera and the Precordillera of northern Mendoza(Southern Central Andes)

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2018年第1期9卷 13-24页

作者： Julián Olivar Silvina Nacif Lucas Fennell Andrés folguera CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires Instituto de Estudios Andinos"Don Pablo Groeber"(IDEAN)Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesPabellón 11Ciudad UniversitariaBuenos AiresC1428EGAArgentina CONICET-Instituto Geofisico-Sismológico"lng.F.S.Volponi"(IGSV) Ruta 12 km17 Jardfn de los Poetas MarquesadoRivadaviaProvincia de San JuanArgentina

Crustal seismicity in northwestern Mendoza Province in Argentina, corresponding to the transition zone between the Chilean-Pampean flat subduction zone（26.5-33.5°S） and the Southern Central Andes normal subduction zone to the south, is studied in order to i） identify its relationship with the mapped structure, ii）determine deformational mechanisms and iii） constrain the geometry of the fold and thrust belt in the lower crust. Through this, we aim to determine which are the structures that contribute to Andean construction, east of the Frontal Cordillera in Argentina and at the western Principal Cordillera in Chile. Data from a temporary local seismic network are reprocessed in order to achieve a precise location of hypocenters and, whenever possible, to build focal mechanisms. Results are interpreted and compared with previous seismic studies and structural models. Analyzed seismicity is grouped around the eastern front of Frontal Cordillera, with hypocenters mainly at depths of 25-40 km. Contrastingly, earthquakes in the Principal Cordillera to the west are located at the axial Andean sector and Chilean slope, with depths shallower than 15 km. Obtained focal mechanisms indicate mainly strike-slip displacements, left lateral at Frontal Cordillera and right lateral at Principal Cordillera. Based on these observations, new possible structural models are proposed, where seismogenic sources could be either associated with inherited basement structures from the Cuyania-Chilenia suture; or correspond to deep-blind thrusts linked with a deeper-than-previously-assumed decollement that could be shared between Frontal Cordillera and western Precordillera. This deeper decollement would coincide in turn with the one determined from receiver function analysis for the eastern Sierras Pampeanas in previous works, potentially implying a common decollement all through the fold and thrust belt configuration. Apart from this, a new interpretation of seismogenic structures in Principal

关键词： Crustal seismicity Seismogenic structures Frontal cordillera Blind thrusts Decollement

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Fetkin-hydro,a new thermo-hydrological algorithm for low-temperature thermochronological modeling

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第3期12卷 186-200页

作者： Francisco Sánchez andres Barrea Federico M.Dávila andres Mora Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra(CICTERRA) CONICET-UNCFCEFyNCiudad UniversitariaAv.Vélez Sarsfield 16115000 CórdobaArgentina Facultad de Matemática AstronomíaFísica y Computación(FAMAF)Ciudad UniversitariaAv.Medida Allende 21445000 CórdobaArgentina Ecopetrol BotafogoRio de JaneiroBrazil

Despite two decades of major advances in the field of thermochronological modeling,state-of-the-art numerical implementations still rely mostly on burial and exhumation processes to explain radiometric *** though such an approach has proved valuable,failing to account for other first-order geological variables has led to misinterpretations and therefore,calls for a *** this study a new version of the Fetkin(finite element temperature kinematics,Ecopetrol)program is *** new algorithm couples time-dependent hydrological and thermal calculations,thus rendering thermochronological ages that,instead of being solely dependent on the kinematical evolution of a system,conditioning by the fluid flow is also *** contrast with previous thermochronological models,this work considers the influence of effective stress on rock properties(porosity and permeability)and therefore,in thermal *** analyses addressing relevant geological questions show not only the versatility of the code but also,new perspectives on forward low-temperature thermochronological *** circulation through pure-sandstone settings produce colder thermal architectures than those obtained in impermeable *** in cooling ages from models with and without fluid circulation are up to 5 Myr.A 4-fold variation in thrusting rates(0.5 km/Myr to 2 km/Myr)produces a 15-Myr difference in cooling ages in models with fluid flow,which contrasts to much lower differences,only 2 Myr,in domains without(or minimal)fluid circulation.2D thermal solutions in fold-bend-fold thrust belts composed of sandstones remain static despite substantial relief development by kinematic folding.A case-study from Western Argentina,in the Andean Precordillera,confirms the plausibility of the numerical algorithm here posed and raises new questions on the first-order thermal controls in settings under deformation.

关键词： Thermochronology Hydrogeology Fluid flow Numerical modeling

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