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Catabolism of Branched Chain Amino Acids Supports Respiration but Not Volatile Synthesis in Tomato Fruits

Molecular Plant 2012年第2期5卷 366-375页

作者： andrej kochevenko Wagner L. Araujo Gregory S. Maloney Denise M. Tieman Phuc Thi Do Mark G. Taylor Harry J. Klee Alisdair R. Fernie Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany Departamento de Biologia Vegetal Universidade Federal de Vicosa 36570-000 Vicosa Minas Gerais Brazil Horticultural Sciences Department and the Plant Molecular ＆ Cellular Biology Program University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA

The branched-chain amino acid transaminases （BCATs） have a crucial role in metabolism of the branched-chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine. These enzymes catalyze the last step of synthesis and the initial step of degradation of these amino acids. Although the biosynthetic pathways of branched chain amino acids in plants have been extensively investigated and a number of genes have been characterized, their catabolism in plants is not yet completely understood. We previously characterized the branched chain amino acid transaminase gene family in tomato, revealing both the subcellular localization and kinetic properties of the enzymes encoded by six genes. Here, we examined possible functions of the enzymes during fruit development. We further characterized transgenic plants differing in the expression of branched chain amino acid transaminases I and 3, evaluating the rates of respiration in fruits deficient in BCAT1 and the levels of volatiles in lines overexpressing either BCAT1 or BCAT3. We quantitatively tested, via precursor and isotope feeding experiments, the importance of the branched chain amino acids and their corresponding keto acids in the formation of fruit volatiles. Our results not only demonstrate for the first time the importance of branched chain amino acids in fruit respiration, but also reveal that keto acids, rather than amino acids, are the likely precursors for the branched chain flavor volatiles.

关键词： alternative electron transport metabolic regulation molecular physiology nitrogen metabolism volatiles tomato.

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