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The silk road economic belt: balance of interests

Economic and Political Studies 2018年第3期6卷 293-318页

作者： Yakov Silin Larisa Kapustina Italo Trevisan andrei Drevalev Department of Regional and Municipal Economics and Management Ural State University of EconomicsYekaterinburgRussia Department of Marketing and International Management Ural State University of EconomicsYekaterinburgRussia Department of Economics and Management University of TrentoTrentoItaly

The article makes an analogy between the Great Silk Road and the modern Belt and Road Initiative(BRI,also known as‘One Belt,One Road’[OBOR])of China in the context of their significance for the development of international trade,as well as the Central Asian *** historical role of the Silk Road is considered from the viewpoint of mutual benefit of states along the trade *** authors consider the concept as the co-development of states,suggested by China within the framework of the BRI,which involves international cooperation on the basis of mutual benefits for all participants,promotion of economic growth and welfare,development of modern infrastructure through joint *** attempt is made to assess the interests of Central Asian countries in the Silk Road Economic Belt(SREB)*** interests include construction of modern road infrastructure,exploration and extraction of mineral deposits,transportation of energy resources,establishment of logistics and industrial *** is an increase in the transit role of the Central Asian countries within the framework of the BRI,as well an increase in investments from *** countries along SREB are concerned about potential threats of the inflow of Chinese labour,the use of technologies that can cause environmental problems,the loss of control over strategic assets,and general growth of financial dependence on *** article analyses Russia’s perception of the Chinese *** is concluded that the main mutual interest of the two countries is opposing the US’s attempts to establish a dominating role in the region and thus ensuring the security of the transport system through the institutions of the Eurasian Economic Union(EAEU)and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation(SCO).The authors reveal a trend of changing the role of Russia as the main transit corridor for Chinese goods exported to Europe and European ones imported to *** key long-term economic interests of China implement

关键词： Economy of China BRI(or OBOR) Silk Road Economic Belt(SREB) Silk Road Fund Eurasian integration

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Tunable order in colloids of hard magnetic hexaferrite nanoplatelets

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 898-906页

作者： Artem A.Eliseev Lev A.Trusov Evgeny O.Anokhin andrei P.Chumakov Vladimir V.Korolev Anastasia E.Sleptsova Peter Boesecke Vladimir Ya.Shur Vladimir YaShur Pavel E.Kazin andrei A.Eliseev Faculty of Chemistry Moscow State UniversityLeninskie Gory lb3Moscow 119991Russia Department of Materials Science MSU-BIT UniversityShenzhen 517182China Faculty of Materials Science Moscow State UniversityLeninskie Gory lb73Moscow 119991Russia European Synchrotron Radiation Facility Avenue des Martyrs 71Grenoble 38043France School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Ural Federal UniversityLenin Ave 51Ekaterinburg 620000Russia

Structural ordering in the concentrated magnetic colloids containing 50×5 nm hard magnetic disc-like SrFe_(12)O_(19) nanoparticles was investigated by cryogenic scanning electron microscopy,optical microscopy,magnetic measurements,and small-angle X-ray *** was revealed that macroscopically homogeneous magnetic liquid consists of dynamic threads of stacked *** threads align into quasiperiodic arrays with the distances between individual threads of a few *** also can form pseudodomain structures with -90°domain boundaries realized through T-type thread *** effects of magnetic attraction and electrostatic repulsion on the equilibrium interplatelet distance in the threads were *** was demonstrated that this distance can be tuned by the control of the particles charge and electric double layer screening from Stern layer thickness(-1 nm)to tens of *** was shown that the permanent magnetic field is not able to cause any structural changes in the ordered magnetic liquid phase,while alternating field draws particles apart by their *** variation of interparticle distance up to 6%was achieved using an alternating magnetic field of low *** data were complemented by the theoretical models of screened electrostatic interactions between spherical and platelike magnetic *** last model provides good predictive power and correlates with the experimental *** stabilization energy of the condensed phase in the order of 1-10 kBT was derived from the *** approach allows controlling of an equilibrium interparticle distance and interparticle distance distribution by adjusting the magnetization and surface charge of the particles as well as the ionic strength of the solvent.

关键词： hexaferrite ferrofluid self-assembly colloidal solution

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Satellite mapping of air temperature under polar night conditions

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2022年第2期25卷 325-336页

作者： Kritsuk Sergei Victor Gornyy Tatiana Davidan Iscander Latypov Alexandra Manvelova Pavel Konstantinov andrei Tronin Mikhail Varentsov Mikhail Vasiliev Saint-Petersburg Scientific Research Center for Ecological Safety Russian Academy of SciencesSaint-PetersburgRussia Faculty of Geography/Research Computing Center Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia

A novel satellite technique for air temperature mapping with a spatial resolution of~100 m was proposed for the town of Apatity,the Kola Peninsula(Russia),taken as a case *** main idea behind this novel technique is to find the statistical relationships between the land surface temperatures in each point of the study area,observed by multiple infrared thermal satellite imagery,and the time series of air temperatures recorded by World Meteorological Organization(WMO)weather *** scenes of infrared thermal spectral band of the Landsat satellites for the period 2014–2019 were used,as well as the long-term time series of air temperature from the weather station and the results of air temperature observations carried out by the network of *** calm weather conditions,according to the ground truth,the error of air temperature mapping wasσ=1.5°C,and the precision was estimated asδ=1.0°*** analysis of the compiled air temperature map showed that,under polar night conditions,the air temperature on the hilltops was by 10–18°C higher than in the *** was concluded that,for economic reasons,as well as for the reasons of population health protection in the Arctic,it would be advisable to plan the placement of new cities on the *** of these new areas should be designed in a“semi-isolated”manner in order to minimize the time needed by the local people for crossing the lowlands between the nearby districts.A characteristic feature of modern megalopolises is their internal structure formed by the growing primary settlements that can be considered as nuclei interlinked by transportation ***,the new Arctic cities can be called“Arctic megalopolises”because of their internal structure that is specific to megalopolises.

关键词： Polar night town of Apatity air temperature satellite images time series regression mapping bioclimatic comfort

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Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration pancreatic adenocarcinoma samples yield adequate DNA for next-generation sequencing:A cohort analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第18期29卷 2864-2874页

作者： Stefania Bunduc Bianca Varzaru Razvan andrei Iacob andrei Sorop Ioana Manea Andreea Spiridon Raluca Chelaru Adina Emilia Croitoru Gabriel Becheanu Mona Dumbrava Simona Dima Irinel Popescu Cristian Gheorghe Faculty of Medicine Carol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharest 020021Romania Digestive Diseases and Liver Transplantation Center Fundeni Clinical InstituteBucharest 022328Romania Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine Fundeni Clinical InstituteBucharest 022328Romania

BACKGROUND Genetic tests are increasingly performed for the management of unresectable pancreatic *** genotyping aimed samples current guidelines recommend using core specimens,although based on moderate quality ***,in clinical practice among the endoscopic ultrasound(EUS) guided tissue acquisition methods,fine needle aspiration(FNA) is the most widely *** To assess the adequacy for next generation sequencing(NGS) of the DNA yielded from EUS-FNA pancreatic adenocarcinoma(PDAC) *** Between November 2018 and December 2021,105 patients with PDAC confirmed by EUS-FNA were included in the study at our tertiary gastroenterology *** 22 gauge(G) or 19G FNA needles were *** pass was dedicated to DNA *** concentration and purity(A260/280,A260/230) were assessed by *** assessed the differences in DNA parameters according to needle size and tumor characteristics(size,location) and the adequacy of the extracted DNA for NGS(defined as A260/280 ≥ 1.7,and DNA yield:≥ 10 ng for amplicon based NGS,≥ 50 ng for whole exome sequencing [WES],≥ 100 ng for whole genome sequencing [WGS]) by analysis of variance and ttest ***,we compared DNA purity parameters across the different DNA yield *** Our cohort included 49% male patients,aged 67.02 ± 8.38 *** 22G needle was used in 71%of the *** DNA parameters across our samples varied as follows:DNA yield:1289 ng(inter quartile range:534.75-3101),A260/280 = 1.85(1.79-1.86),A260/230 = 2.2(1.72-2.36).DNA yield was > 10 ng in all samples and > 100 ng in 93% of them(one sample < 50 ng).There were no significant differences in the concentration and A260/280 between samples by needle *** size was the only independent predictor of A260/230 which was higher in the 22G samples(P =0.038).NGS adequacy rate was 90% for 19G samples regardless of NGS type,and for 22G samples it reached 89% for WGS adequacy and 91% for WES and

关键词： Pancreatic adenocarcinoma Endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration Next generation sequencing DNA yield Needle size Genetic testing

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Surrogate markers of mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease:A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第16期27卷 1828-1840页

作者： Monica State Lucian Negreanu Theodor Voiosu andrei Voiosu Paul Balanescu Radu Bogdan Mateescu Department of Gastroenterology Colentina Clinical HospitalBucharest 020125Romania Department of Gastroenterology Emergency University HospitalBucharest 050098Romania Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest 020021Romania Department of Internal Medicine and Research Methodology Colentina Clinical HospitalBucharest 020125Romania

Mucosal healing(MH)has emerged as a key therapeutic target in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),and achievement of this goal is documented by endoscopy with ***,colonoscopy is burdensome and invasive,and substitution with an accurate noninvasive biomarker is *** To summarize published data regarding the performance of noninvasive biomarkers in assessing MH in IBD *** We conducted a systematic review of studies that reported the performance of biomarkers in diagnosing MH in patients with *** main outcome measure was to review the diagnostic accuracy of serum and fecal markers that showed promising utility in assessing *** We screened 1301 articles,retrieved 46 manuscripts and included 23 articles for full-text *** majority of the included manuscripts referred to fecal markers(12/23),followed by circulatory markers(8/23);only 3/23 of the included manuscripts investigated combined markers(serum and/or fecal markers).Fecal calprotectin(FC)was the most investigated fecal marker for assessing *** ulcerative colitis,for cutoff levels ranging between 58 mcg/g and 490 mcg/g,the sensitivity was 89.7%-100%and the specificity was 62%-93.3%.For Crohn’s disease,the cutoff levels of FC ranged from 71 mcg/g to 918 mcg/g(sensitivity 50%-95.9%and specificity 52.3%-100%).The best performance for a serum marker was observed for the endoscopic healing index,which showed a comparable accuracy to the measurement of FC and a higher accuracy than the measurement of serum C-reactive *** Several promising biomarkers of MH are emerging but cannot yet substitute for endoscopy with biopsy due to issues with reproducibility and standardization assessing *** ulcerative colitis,for cutoff levels ranging between 58 mcg/g and 490 mcg/g,the sensitivity was 89.7%-100%and the specificity was 62%-93.3%.For Crohn’s disease,the cutoff levels of FC ranged from 71 mcg/g to 918 mcg/g(sensitivity 50%-95.9%and specificity 52.3%-100%).The bes

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease Biomarkers Serum Fecal Mucosal healing

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Synthesis of ultrathin rhenium disulfide nanoribbons using nano test tubes

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 1282-1287页

作者： Luke T.Norman Johannes Biskupek Graham A.Ranee Craig T.Stoppiello Ute Kaiser andrei N.Khlobystov School of Chemistry University of NottinghamNottinghamNG72RDUK Central Facility for Electron Microscopy Ulm UniversityAlbert Einstein-Allee 11Ulm 89081Germany Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre University of NottinghamNottinghamNG72RDUK

The synthesis of ultrathin rhenium disulfide(ReS_(2))nanoribbons within single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs)has been *** decacarbonyl complex is encapsulated into the SWNTs to provide a source of confined rhenium atoms,which readily react with iodine to form discrete nm-sized clusters of rhenium iodide[Re_(6)l_(14)]^(2-) embedded in the *** final step of the synthesis is accomplished by admitting hydrogen sulfide gas into nano test tubes,yielding twisted nanoribbons of rhenium disulfide encapsulated in carbon nanotubes,ReS_(2)@*** width,structure,and composition of rhenium disulfide nanoribbons are strictly controlled by the extreme confinement of the host-SWNT.A holistic analytical approach combining complementary imaging and analysis methods is used at each synthetic step to elucidate the structure and composition of the guest material and reveal the role of the SWNT contributing towards the electronic interactions with encapsulated inorganic *** ReS_(2) nanoribbons are expected to retain the electronic properties of the bulk material,such as direct bandgap,the low dimensional form of this material can be of interest for use in nanoscale electronic devices.

关键词： nanotubes nanoribbons rhenium confinement microscopy spectroscopy

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Deliberate external pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy performed in the setting of acute pancreatitis, and its internalization through fistula-jejunostomy

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2020年第1期19卷 94-96页

作者： Sorin T Alexandrescu andrei C Zlate Razvan T Grigorie Mihnea Ionescu Irinel Popescu Fundeni Clinical Institute Dan Setlacec Centre of General Surgery and Liver TransplantationSos.Fundeni nr.258sector 2BucharestRomania Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy BucharestRomania Titu Maiorescu University Faculty of MedicineBucharestRomania

To the Editor:Many patients with tumors of the pancreatic head or of the ampulla of Vater require endoscopic manipulation of the duodenal papilla in order to achieve tumor biopsy or for common bile duct *** interventional endoscopy approaches may lead to acute *** iatrogenic acute pancreatitis will influence the surgical strategy in patients scheduled for pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD).Due to the small number of cases,the surgical strategy in patients who require PD in the context of acute pancreatitis has not been standardized.

关键词： pancreatitis acute Vater

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How do soil fauna and soil microbiota respond to beech forest growth?

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Current Zoology 2009年第4期55卷 272-278页

作者： Matthieu CHAUVAT andrei S.ZAITSEV Ernst GABRIEL Volkmar WOLTERS Department of Animal Ecology Justus Liebig University

The dynamics and performance of soil biota during forest rotation were studied in monoculture beech stands forming a chronosequence of four different age-classes(30,62,111,153 yr).Biomass was monitored in major groups of microflora,microfauna,mesofauna,and *** availability(litter layer,soil organic mater),biomass of the two dominant decomposer groups(microflora,earthworms)as well as the biomass of mesofauna and microfauna were found to remain quite stable during forest ***,the marked increase of the biomasses of primary decomposers(fungi,saprophagous macroinvertebrates)in the 62-year-old stand,followed by an increase of the biomasses of macropredators in the 111-year-old stand,indicate substantial changes of several components of edaphic communities during forest ***,constant values of soil respiration suggest that the overall performance of the soil food web does not change during beech forest ***,the decomposer system of lowland managed beech forests on calcareous soils seems to be very stable over *** suggest that earthworm activity might have masked impacts of forest development on other soil biota and led to an astounding stability of decomposer assemblages during beech forest rotation.

关键词： Beech Chronosequence Ecosystem performance Soil food-web Forest

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Molecular and cellular changes in the post-traumatic spinal cord remodeling after autoinfusion of a genetically-enriched leucoconcentrate in a mini-pig model

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第7期18卷 1505-1511页

作者： Maria Aleksandrovna Davleeva Ravil Rasimovich Garifulin Farid Vagizovich Bashirov andrei Aleksandrovich Izmailov Leniz Faritovich Nurullin Ilnur Ildusovich Salafutdinov Dilara Zilbarovna Gatina Dmitrij Nikolaevich Shcherbinin andrei Aleksandrovich Lysenko Irina Leonidovna Tutykhina Maksim Mikhailovich Shmarov Rustem Robertovich Islamov Department of Histology Cytology and EmbryologyKazan State Medical UniversityKazanRussia Кazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Federal Research Center of Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of SciencesKazanRussia Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology Kazan Federal UniversityKazanRussia The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F.Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation MoscowRussia

Post-traumatic spinal cord remodeling includes both degenerating and regenerating processes,which affect the potency of the functional recovery after spinal cord injury(SCI).Gene therapy for spinal cord injury is proposed as a promising therapeutic strategy to induce positive changes in remodeling of the affected neural *** our previous studies for delivering the therapeutic genes at the site of spinal cord injury,we developed a new approach using an autologous leucoconcentrate transduced ex vivo with chimeric adenoviruses(Ad5/35)carrying recombinant *** the present study,the efficacy of the intravenous infusion of an autologous genetically-enriched leucoconcentrate simultaneously producing recombinant vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF),and neural cell adhesion molecule(NCAM)was evaluated with regard to the molecular and cellular changes in remodeling of the spinal cord tissue at the site of damage in a model of mini-pigs with moderate spinal cord *** animals were randomly divided into two groups of 4 pigs each:the therapeutic(infused with the leucoconcentrate simultaneously transduced with a combination of the three chimeric adenoviral vectors Ad5/35‐VEGF165,Ad5/35‐GDNF,and Ad5/35‐NCAM1)and control groups(infused with intact leucoconcentrate).The morphometric and immunofluorescence analysis of the spinal cord regeneration in the rostral and caudal segments according to the epicenter of the injury in the treated animals compared to the control mini-pigs showed:(1)higher sparing of the grey matter and increased survivability of the spinal cord cells(lower number of Caspase-3-positive cells and decreased expression of Hsp27);(2)recovery of synaptophysin expression;(3)prevention of astrogliosis(lower area of glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive astrocytes and ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1-positive microglial cells);(4)higher growth rates of regeneratingβIII-tubulin-positi

关键词： autologous genetically-enriched leucoconcentrate chimeric adenoviral vector gene therapy glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor mini-pig neural cell adhesion molecule spinal cord contusion injury vascular endothelial growth factor

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Supercompiler Scp4:Use of Quasi-Distributive Laws in Program Transformation

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2001年第Z1期6卷 375-382页

作者： andrei P. Nemytykh Program Systems Institute RAS Pereslavl Zalessky,Yaroslavl Region 152140,Russia Program Systems Institute RAS Pereslavl-Zalessky Yaroslavl Region Russia

The author constructed a transformer Scp4 of functional programs. The transformer uses the technology known as Turchin's supercompilation. Scp4 was implemented in a functional language Refal 5. The input language for Scp4 is also Refal 5. In the present paper we give an outline of the supercompiler and consider a number of tools of the transformer in details. The tools can be formally thought of as quasi distributive laws.

关键词： program transformation supercompilation specialization retyping arity raiser

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