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Comparison of emergency surgical cricothyroidotomy and percutaneous cricothyroidotomy by experienced airway providers in an obese,in vivo porcine hemorrhage airway model

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军事医学研究:英文版 2023年第4期10卷 421-430页

作者： Tomas Karlsson andreas Brännström Mikael Gellerfors Jenny Gustavsson Mattias Günther Department of Clinical Science and Education Section of Anesthesiology and Intensive CareKarolinska Institutet11883 StockholmSweden Department of Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet17177 StockholmSweden Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Section of Anesthesiology and Intensive CareKarolinska Institutet11883 StockholmSweden Department of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care Karolinska University Hospital17177 StockholmSweden Swedish Air Ambulance(SLA) 79291 MoraSweden Rapid Response Cars 18233 StockholmSweden.

Background: Emergency front-of-neck airway(eFONA) is a life-saving procedure in “cannot intubate, cannot oxygenate”(CICO). The fastest and most reliable method of eFONA has not been determined. We compared two of the most advocated approaches: surgical cricothyroidotomy and percutaneous cricothyroidotomy, in an obese, in vivo porcine hemorrhage model, designed to introduce real-time physiological feedback, relevant and high provider stress. The primary aim was to determine the fastest method to secure airway. Secondary aims were arterial saturation and partial pressure of oxygen, proxy survival and influence of ***: Twelve pigs [(60.3±4.1) kg] were anesthetized and exposed to 25%–35% total blood volume hemorrhage before extubation and randomization to Seldinger technique “percutaneous cricothyroidotomy”(n=6) or scalpelbougie-tube technique “surgical cricothyroidotomy”(n=6). Specialists in anesthesia and intensive care in a tertiary referral hospital performed the eFONA, simulating an actual ***: In surgical cricothyroidotomy vs. percutaneous cricothyroidotomy, the median(interquartile range, IQR) times to secure airway were 109(IQR 71–130) s and 298(IQR 128–360) s(P=0.0152), arterial blood saturation(SaO2) were 74.7(IQR 46.6–84.2)% and 7.9(IQR 4.1–15.6)%(P=0.0167), PaO_(2) were 7.0(IQR 4.7–7.7) kPa and 2.0(IQR 1.1–2.9) kPa(P=0.0667), and times of cardiac arrest(proxy survival) were 137–233 s, 190(IQR 143–229) s, from CICO. All six animals survived surgical cricothyroidotomy, and two of six(33%) animals survived percutaneous cricothyroidotomy. Years in anesthesia, 13.5(IQR 7.5–21.3), did not influence time to secure ***: eFONA by surgical cricothyroidotomy was faster and had increased oxygenation and survival, when performed under stress by board certified anesthesiologists, and may be an indication of preferred method in situations with hemorrhage and CICO, in obese patients.

关键词： Emergency front-of-neck airway “Cannot intubate cannot oxygenate”(CICO) Surgical cricothyroidotomy,Percutaneous cricothyroidotomy Porcine model

Reply to:“Absorption of methionine sources in animals-is there more to know?”-Yes, there is more to know!

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第3期14卷 67-68页

作者： andreas Lemme Juliano Cesar de Paula Dorigam Stefan Mack Evonik Operations GmbH

Recently,above mentioned paper compiling and discussing literature concerning the absorption of DL-methionine(DL-Met)and two forms of the hydroxy analogue of methionine(2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutyric acid[HMTBa],Ca-salt of HMTBa[HMTBa-Ca])was published in Animal Nutrition(https://***/10.1016/***.2022.09.004).We would like to comment on this article regarding the aim of the study as expressed in the introduction:“This critical review provides an understanding of diverging studies and provides insights into how further evaluation should be conducted when the bioefficacy of the two molecules is discussed”.

关键词： mentioned concerning sources

Chemical Bonding and Interpretation of Time-Dependent Electronic Processes with Maximum Probability Domains

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物理化学学报 2018年第5期34卷 528-536页

作者： SAVIN andreas Laboratoire de Chimie Theorique CNRS and Sorbonne Universite UPMC Univ Paris 06 4 place Jussieu F 75252 Paris cedex 05France.

Tools have been designed obtain information about chemical bonds from quantum mechanical *** work well for solutions of the stationary Schr?dinger equation, but it is not clear whether Lewis electron pairs they aim to reproduce survive in time-dependent processes, in spite of the underlying Pauli principle being obeyed in this regime. A simple model of two same-spin non-interacting fermions in a one-dimensional box with an opaque wall, is used to study this problem, because it allows presenting the detailed structure of the wave function. It is shown that i)oscillations persisting after the Hamiltonian stopped changing produce for certain time intervals states where Lewis electron pairs are spatially separated, and ii) methods(like density analysis, or the electron localization function) that are widely used for describing bonding in the stationary case, have limitations in such situations. An exception is provided by the maximum probability domain(the spatial domain that maximizes the probability to find a given number of particles in it). It is conceptually simple, and satisfactorily describes the phenomenon.

关键词：量子力学化学键化学分析波函数

Trajectories of response in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: A one-year prospective cohort study of antipsychotic effectiveness

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第3期12卷 521-532页

作者： Petros Drosos Erik Johnsen Christoffer andreas Bartz-Johannessen Tor Ketil Larsen Solveig Klæbo Reitan Maria Rettenbacher Rune andreas Kroken TIPS-Network for Clinical Research in Psychosis Clinic For Adult Mental HealthStavanger University HospitalStavanger 4011Norway NORMENT Division of PsychiatryHaukeland University HospitalBergen 5036Norway Department of Clinical Medicine University of BergenBergen 5007Norway Institute for Mental Health St Olav's University HospitalTrondheim 7030Norwa Department of Mental Health Norwegian University of Natural Science and TechnologyTrondheim 7491Norway Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Medical University InnsbruckInnsbruck 6020Austria

BACKGROUND Antipsychotic drugs remain the mainstay of schizophrenia treatment;however,their effectiveness has been questioned,and it is not possible to predict the response to a specific antipsychotic drug in an individual ***,it is important to compare the effectiveness of the various antipsychotics and search for possible response *** To investigate the effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs,we examined response trajectories and predictors for belonging to different trajectory *** The Bergen-Stavanger-Innsbruck-Trondheim(BeSt InTro)trial compared the effectiveness of three atypical antipsychotics-amisulpride,aripiprazole,and olanzapine-in a prospective,semirandomized,rater-blind,head-to-head *** participants with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder diagnosis,according to international classification of diseases,Tenth Revision(ICD-10)F20–29,were *** were followed for a period of 12 mo,with assessments at baseline;after one,three and six weeks;and after three,six,nine and 12 mo.A latent class mixed model was fitted to our *** three-trajectory model based on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS)total score reduction was found to have adequate fit,and the study drugs,as well as various demographic and clinical parameters,were tested as predictors for belonging to the different trajectory *** Overall,144 participants were included,and 41%completed the 12-mo study *** largest trajectory group,consisting of 74%of participants,showed a PANSS total score reduction of 59%from baseline to 12 mo(Good response group).A trajectory group comprising 13%of participants had their PANSS total score reduced by 82.5%at 12 mo(Strong response group),while the last response trajectory group comprising 13%of the participants had a PANSS total score reduction of 13.6%(Slight response group).The largest part of the total reduction for the Good and Strong response groups occurred at six weeks of treatment,

关键词： Schizophrenia Response Trajectories Treatment Antipsychotic drugs

Deformation and phase transformation behaviors of a high Nb-containing TiAl alloy compressed at intermediate temperatures

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第7期102卷 89-96页

作者： Xu Liu Lin Song andreas Stark Uwe Lorenz Zhanbing He Junpin Lin Florian Pyczak Tiebang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Institute of Materials Research Helmholtz-Zentrum GeesthachtMax Planck-Str.1Geesthacht 21502Germany State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

In modernβ-solidified TiAl alloys,the decomposition of α_(2) phase is frequently observed during heat treatment or high-temperature deformation of the *** this study,high-temperature deformation and decomposition mechanisms of α_(2) phase in a Ti-45Al-8.5Nb-0.2B-0.2W-0.02Y alloy are *** a sample deformed at 800℃,the precipitation ofβ_(o)(ω_(o))phase is observed within the equiaxed α_(2) *** nucleation ofω_(o) particles within theβ_(o) matrix indicates the α_(2)→β_(o)→ω_(o) *** addition,numerous y phase precipitates form within theβ_(o)(ω)*** α_(2) lamellae decompose into ultrafine( α_(2)+γ)lamellae and coarsened y lamellae via α_(2)→ α_(2)+γand α_(2)→γtransformation,***,theω_(o) phase nucleates within the ultrafine lamellae via α_(2)→ω_(o) ***,in a sample deformed at 1000℃,the nucleation ofβ_(o) particles is sluggish,which is caused by the efficient release of the internal stress via dynamic recrystallization(DRX).These results indicate that complex phase transformations can be introduced by the decomposition of α_(2) phase in TiAl alloys with a high amount ofβ-stabilizing elements.

关键词： TiAl alloys Phase transformation Microstructure Electron microscopy

Liver Fat Scores for Noninvasive Diagnosis and Monitoring of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Epidemiological and Clinical Studies

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2023年第5期11卷 1212-1227页

作者： Mona Reinshagen Stefan Kabisch andreas F.H.Pfeiffer Joachim Spranger Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Campus Benjamin FranklinCharitéUniversity MedicineBerlinGermany Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung e.V. Geschäftsstelle am Helmholtz-Zentrum MünchenNeuherbergGermany

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is strongly associated with the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes and independently contributes to long-term *** often asymptomatic but reversible,it would require population-wide screening,but direct diagnostics are either too invasive(liver biopsy),costly(MRI)or depending on the examiner’s expertise(ultrasonography).Hepatosteatosis is usually accommodated by features of the metabolic syndrome(***,disturbances in triglyceride and glucose metabolism),and signs of hepatocellular damage,all of which are reflected by biomarkers,which poorly predict NAFLD as single item,but provide a cheap diagnostic alternative when integrated into composite liver fat *** liver index,NAFLD LFS,and hepatic steatosis index are common and accurate indices for NAFLD prediction,but show limited accuracy for liver fat *** indices are rarely *** fibrosis scores are commonly used in clinical practice,but their mandatory reflection of fibrotic reorganization,hepatic injury or systemic sequelae reduces sensitivity for the diagnosis of simple ***-induced liver fat changes are poorly reflected by liver fat indices,depending on the intervention and its specific impact of weight loss on *** limited validity in longitudinal settings stimulates research for new ***,hepatokines,markers of cellular integrity,genetic variants but also simple and inexpensive routine parameters might be potential ***,liver fat indices lack precision for NAFLD prediction or monitoring in individual patients,but in large cohorts they may substitute nonexistent imaging data and serve as a compound biomarker of metabolic syndrome and its cardiometabolic sequelae.

关键词： NAFLD Liver fat indices Fatty liver index Prediction Dietary intervention

Ultrasound responsive microcapsules for antibacterial nanodrug delivery

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Nano Research 2023年第2期16卷 2738-2748页

作者： Jilin Fan Mingjun Xuan Pengkun Zhao Mark Loznik Junlin Chen Fabian Kiessling Lifei Zheng andreas Herrmann Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhou 325001China DWI—Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Forckenbeckstr.5052074 AachenGermany Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry RWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 152074 AachenGermany Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging University Hospital AachenForckenbeckstr.5552074 AachenGermany

The development of ultrasound-responsive microcapsule structures has resulted in several spatiotemporally controlled drug delivery systems for macromolecular cargoes,including proteins,nucleic acids,and even cells for biomedical ***,utilizing microcapsules to transport small molecular cargoes remains a challenge,because the leakage of drugs before ultrasound irradiation might cause side effects such as the undesired toxicity and the decrease of effective drug concentration at the target ***,we present a novel strategy to tackle these shortcomings by employing nanodrugs which refers to nanoparticles coated with small molecule *** showed that the drug leakage was prevented when encapsulating the nanodrug in ***,the fabricated drug delivery system was responsive not only to unfocused high-intensity ultrasound but also to the clinically relevant high-intensity focused ***,as a proof of concept,we showed that the antibacterial activity of the nanodrug@Microcapsules could be activated by applying ultrasound in *** results may provide new insights into the development of ultrasound triggered small molecule drug delivery assisted by metallic nanoparticles.

关键词： microcapsules vancomycin-nanodrug sonication drug release

The study of artificial intelligence for predicting land use changes in an arid ecosystem

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2022年第4期32卷 717-734页

作者： YU Yang CAO Yiguo HOU Dongde DISSE Markus BRIEDEN andreas ZHANG Haiyan YU Ruide State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyCASUrumqi 830011China Advanced Research Institute Southwest University of Political Science&LawChongqing 401120China Chair of Hydrology and River Basin Management Technical University of MunichMunich 80333Germany Chair of Statistics and Risk Management Universitaet der Bundeswehr MuenchenNeubiberg D-85577Germa ny

During the 21 st century,artificial intelligence methods have been broadly applied in geosciences to simulate complex dynamic ecosystems,but the use of artificial intelligence(AI)methods to reproduce land-use/cover change(LUCC)in arid ecosystems remains *** paper presents a hybrid modeling approach to understand the complexity in *** logic,equation-based systems,and expert systems are combined to predict LUCC as determined by water resources and other *** driving factors of LUCC in this study include climate change,ecological flooding,groundwater conditions,and human *** increase of natural flooding was found to be effective in preventing vegetation *** are sensitive under different climate projections of RCP2.6,RCP4.5,and *** results indicate that the increase of precipitation is not able to compensate for the additional evaporation losses resulting from temperature *** results indicate that grassland,shrub,and riparian forest regions will shrink in this study *** change in grasslands has a strong negative correlation with the change in groundwater salinity,whereas forest change had a strong positive correlation with ecological *** application of artificial intelligence to study LUCC can guide land management policies and make predictions regarding land degradation.

关键词： artificial intelligence land-use/cover change fuzzy logic expert systems land degradation arid ecosystem

Transition beyond the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic: Need to address the long-term health impacts of COVID-19

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第27期10卷 9967-9969页

作者： Constantinos Tsioutis andreas Tofarides Nikolaos Spernovasilis School of Medicine European University CyprusNicosia 2404Cyprus State Health Services Organisation Nicosia General HospitalNicosia 2029Cyprus Infectious Diseases Department German Oncology CenterLimassol 4108Cyprus

Despite gaps in knowledge,long-term sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)infections are globally acknowledged and thus require special attention by public health organizations and ***,it is necessary to suppo... 详细信息

关键词： Pandemic COVID-19 Long-term Long-covid Post-covid Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome