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Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina hromada Patrick heimel Markus Kerbl LászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.heinzel Antal Nógrádi andreas h.teuschl-woller David hercher Department Life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGCs). however, the use of tNGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

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Pressure and temperature effects resulting from impact onto materials of different reactivity

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第2期44卷 221-230页

作者： andreas heine Matthias Wickert Fraunhofer Institute for high-Speed Dynamics Ernst-Mach-InstitutEMIErnst-Zermelo-Str.4Freiburg im Breisgau79104Germany

The pressure and temperature increase resulting from the impact of different threats onto target materials is analyzed with a unified laboratory-scale *** allows deriving qualitative information on the occurring phenomenology as well as quantitative statements about the relative effects sizes as a function of target material and *** considered target materials are steel,aluminum,and *** threats,kinetic energy penetrator,explosively formed projectile,and shaped charge jet are *** the investigated combinations,the measured overpressures vary by a factor of up to 5 for a variation of the material,by a factor of up to 7 for a variation of the threat,and by a factor larger than 15for a simultaneous variation of *** obtained results as well as the experimental approach are relevant for the basic understanding of impact effects and risks due to material *** paper combines two main ***,to provide a summary of own prior work in a coherent journal article and,secondly,to review and discuss these earlier results with a new perspective.

关键词： Impact effects Pressure Temperature Risk assessment Material reactivity

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WNT/β-catenin-M2 macrophage interplay as a target for therapy against hepatocellular carcinoma:Role of Calculus bovis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第3期31卷 130-133页

作者： Tryfonas Mpektsis Anastasios Manolakis andreas Kapsoritakis Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital of LarisaLarisa 41100Greece

Liver cancer,and in particular hepatocellular carcinoma(hCC)is a disease of rising prevalence and *** date,definitive treatment options include either surgical excision or ablation of the affected *** increasing research on several pathways that could be involved in the progression of hCC,new elements within these pathways emerge as potential targets for novel *** WNT/β-catenin pathway favors the presence of M2 tumor-associated macrophages which in turn promote tumor growth and *** inhibition of this pathway is considered a good candidate for such targeted therapeutic ***,as huang et al show in their recently published article,Calculus bovis which is used in traditional Chinese medicine can exert an inhibitory effect on theβ-catenin pathway and become a potential candidate for targeted pharmacotherapy against liver cancer.

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma Calculus bovis WNT/β-catenin pathway Tumorassociated macrophages

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Microglia:a promising therapeutic target in spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 454-463页

作者： Xiaowei Zha Guoli Zheng Thomas Skutella Karl Kiening andreas Unterberg Alexander Younsi Department of Neurosurgery Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany Department of Neuroanatomy Institute for Anatomy and Cell BiologyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

Microglia are present throughout the central nervous system and are vital in neural repair,nutrition,phagocytosis,immunological regulation,and maintaining neuronal *** a healthy spinal cord,microglia are accountable for immune surveillance,however,when a spinal cord injury occurs,the microenvironment drastically changes,leading to glial scars and failed axonal *** this context,microglia vary their gene and protein expression during activation,and proliferation in reaction to the injury,influencing injury responses both favorably and unfavorably.A dynamic and multifaceted injury response is mediated by microglia,which interact directly with neurons,astrocytes,oligodendrocytes,and neural stem/progenitor *** a clear understanding of their essential nature and origin,the mechanisms of action and new functions of microglia in spinal cord injury require extensive *** review summarizes current studies on microglial genesis,physiological function,and pathological state,highlights their crucial roles in spinal cord injury,and proposes microglia as a therapeutic target.

关键词： astrocytes cytokines functional recovery immune regulation M1/M2 activation macrophages microglia neuroinflammation spinal cord injury therapy

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Evaluating the Potential of Birch Bark Suberinic Acids for Solid Wood Impregnation

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2025年第1期13卷 147-161页

作者： Daniela Godina Guntis Sosins Aigars Paze Janis Rizikovs Raimonds Makars andreas Treu Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry Biorefinery LaboratoryRigaLV-1006Latvia Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research Department Wood TechnologyHøgskoleveien 8Ås1433Norway

Instead of the traditional linear model of taking,making,and disposing,the circular bio-economy promotes a regenerative *** there is potential to create valuable products like betulin,lupeol,and suberinic acids(SA)from outer birch bark,many industries,such as plywood and pulp,often choose to incinerate substan-tial amounts of leftover birch bark to meet their energy *** highlights the importance of obtaining valu-able products from *** objective of this study was to examine various fractions of SA and assess their potential for wood *** fractions included SA potassium salts in ethanol(SAK-EtOh)and water(SAK-h2O),SA suspension in water(SAS-h2O)and dried SA,which was subsequently diluted in ethanol(DSA-EtOh).There is signiﬁcant potential for utilizing SA in wood treatment formulations as a sustainable alternative to harmful petroleum-derived *** approach not only addresses environmental concerns but also enhances the functionality of wood in construction applications,such as improving impregnation for moisture and fungal *** the solutions tested,the ethanol solution of SA,speciﬁcally DSA-EtOh,showed the highest weight percent gain(WPG)and the greatest leaching *** analysis showed that SA salts in ethanol(SAK-EtOh)and water(SAK-h2O)predominantly consist of low molecular fractions and each process(acidiﬁcation and drying)reduces the low molecular content in the *** suggests that SA polymerizes after drying,making it necessary to dissolve it in ethanol to meet the requirements for *** opti-mization,including adjustments in the concentration of the SA ethanol solution and the curing temperature,is essential to identify the optimal conditions for more in-depth impregnation studies.

关键词： Birch bark suberinic acids solid wood impregnation

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Contribution of fungal biomass to persistent soil carbon across natural ecosystems

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第2期68卷 444-456页

作者： Xiang WANG Guang-hui YU Yakov KUZYAKOV Bo-hao YIN andreas KAPPLER Cong-Qiang LIU Bohai Coastal Critical Zone National Observation and Research Station Institute of Surface-Earth System ScienceSchool of Earth System ScienceTianjin Key Laboratory of Earth Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai RimTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems Department of Agricultural Soil ScienceUniversity of GöttingenGöttingen 37077Germany Agro-Technological Institute Peoples Friendship University of Russia(RUDN University)Moscow 117198Russia Geomicrobiology Center for Applied GeosciencesUniversity of TübingenTübingen 72076Germany Cluster of Excellence EXC 2124 Controlling Microbes to Fight InfectionUniversity of TübingenTübingen 72076Germany

Fungi are known to be crucial in the formation and stabilization of soil organic matter through their exudates and dead residues(necromass).Yet,it remains unclear how fungi contribute to the persistence of carbon in soils over millennial scales across ***,this study fills the knowledge gap by linking fungal carbon stocks with minerals-associated carbon stocks across major biomes.A strong correlation between fungal biomass and reactive mineral-associated carbon stocks in soils across six biomes supports the substantial role of fungi in soil carbon persistence at the global *** spatial resolution nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry revealed that fungi may stabilize carbon by forming organo-mineral associations through their close physical connection to reactive minerals and weathered *** propose a conceptual model that emphasizes the dualistic role of hypha-mineral interactions:(i)fungi accelerate organic matter decomposition by producing reactive oxygen species on the hypha-mineral interfaces,and(ii)fungi stabilize their residues on mineral surfaces,leading to millennial scale persistence of soil ***,fungi play a fundamental role in ecosystems that extends beyond the decomposition of persistent *** are crucial in stabilizing carbon on mineral surfaces,thereby facilitating the long-term removal of carbon from rapid biotic cycling.

关键词： Biogeography Fungi Mineral-associated organic matter(MAOM) Reactive minerals Soil carbon stability NanoSIMS

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Regeneration of the anterior cruciate ligament:Current strategies in tissue engineering

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2015年第1期6卷 127-136页

作者： Thomas Nau andreas teuschl Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology/AUVA Research Center IMSART-Institute of Musculoskeletal Analysis Research and Therapy The Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration Department of Biochemical Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien

Recent advancements in the field of musculoskeletaltissue engineering have raised an increasing interest in the regeneration of the anterior cruciate ligament(ACL). It is the aim of this article to review the current research efforts and highlight promising tissue engineering strategies. The four main components of tissue engineering also apply in several ACL regeneration research efforts. Scaffolds from biological materials, biodegradable polymers and composite materials are used. The main cell sources are mesenchymal stem cells and ACL fibroblasts. In addition, growth factors and mechanical stimuli are applied. So far, the regenerated ACL constructs have been tested in a few animal studies and the results are encouraging. The different strategies, from in vitro ACL regeneration in bioreactor systems to bio-enhanced repair and regeneration, are under constant development. We expect considerable progress in the near future that will result in a realistic option for ACL surgery soon.

关键词： Anterior cruciate ligament Tissue engineering Orthopedic Ligament regeneration Stem cell

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Integration of a hybrid vibration prediction model for railways into noise mapping software:methodology,assumptions and demonstration

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Railway Engineering Science 2025年第1期33卷 1-26页

作者： Pieter Reumers Geert Degrande Geert Lombaert David JThompson Evangelos Ntotsios Pascal Bouvet Brice Nélain andreas Nuber Department of Civil Engineering KU LeuvenKasteelpark Arenberg 403001 LeuvenBelgium ISVR University of SouthamptonHighfieldSouthampton SO171BJUK Vibratec 28 Chemin du petit bois69131 EcullyFrance Woelfel Engineering GmbH+Co.KMax‑Planck Strasse 1597204 HoechbergGermany

Within the SILVARSTAR project,a user-friendly frequency-based hybrid prediction tool has been developed to assess the environmental impact of railway-induced *** tool is integrated in existing noise mapping *** modern vibration standards and guidelines,the vibration velocity level in a building in each frequency band is expressed as the sum of a force density(source term),line source transfer mobility(propagation term)and building correction factor(receiver term).A hybrid approach is used that allows for a combination of experimental data and numerical predictions,providing increased flexibility and *** train and track properties can be selected from a database or entered as numerical *** user can select soil impedance and transfer functions from a database,pre-computed for a wide range of parameters with state-of-the-art *** experimental database of force densities,transfer functions,free field vibration and input parameters is also *** building response is estimated by means of building correction *** within the modelling approach are made to reduce computation time but these can influence prediction accuracy;this is quantified for the case of a nominal intercity train running at different speeds on a ballasted track supported by homogeneous soil of varying *** paper focuses on the influence of these parameters on the compliance of the track–soil system and the free field *** also demonstrate the use and discuss the validation of the vibration prediction tool for the case of a high-speed train running on a ballasted track in Lincent(Belgium).

关键词： Railway-induced vibration hybrid vibration prediction model Experimental validation Low-speed approximation

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Feasibility study on the suitability of dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatment of desert sand for concrete production purposes

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Plasma Science and Technology 2025年第1期27卷 111-117页

作者： Yorick FENNER Martin BELLMANN andreas TUMMEL Christoph GERhARD Faculty of Engineering and health University of Applied Sciences and ArtsGöttingen 37085Germany Application Center for Plasma and Photonics Fraunhofer Institute for Surface Engineering and Thin FilmsGöttingen 37085Germany School of Industrial and Information Engineering Politecnico di MilanoMilano 20133Italy

Due to the continuously increasing building and construction industry,sand has become one of the most questioned raw materials ***,the available amount of sand suitable for concrete production is orders of magnitude lower that the demand and *** though desert sand is sufficiently available,it is not usable for realizing stable concrete due to its surface *** this background,the suitability of energy-efficient‘cold'dielectric barrier discharge plasma operated at atmospheric pressure for improving the properties of concrete produced from desert sand was investigated in this *** is shown that such plasma treatment allows for a certain roughening and re-shaping of sand *** a result,the mass flow of treated sand is decreased due to an improved wedging of sand *** leads to a certain increase in compressive strength of concrete *** though this increase is marginal,the suitability of the applied type of plasma for modification of the geometry and surface chemistry of sand grains was proven,showing its basic potential for the treatment and preconditioning of sand used for concrete,mortar or plastering.

关键词： plasma treatment atmospheric pressure plasma sand concrete surface roughening mass flow compressive strength

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Estimating relative diffusion from 3D micro-CT images using CNNs

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Artificial Intelligence in Geosciences 2023年第1期4卷 199-208页

作者： Stephan Gättner Florian Frank Fabian woller andreas Meier Nadja Ray Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nürnberg Department MathematikCauerstraβe 11Erlangen91058Germany Math2 Market Gmbh Richard-Wagner-Straβe 1Kaiserslautern67655Germany Mathematical Institute for Machine Learning and Data Science Goldknopfgasse 7Ingolstadt49085Germany

In recent years,convolutional neural networks(CNNs)have demonstrated their effectiveness in predicting bulk parameters,such as effective diffusion,directly from pore-space *** offer significant computational advantages over traditional methods,making them particularly ***,the current literature primarily focuses on fully saturated porous media,while the partially saturated case is also of high interest for various *** saturated conditions present more complex geometries for diffusive transport,making the prediction task more *** CNNs tend to lose robustness and accuracy with lower saturation *** this paper,we overcome this limitation by introducing a CNN,which conveniently fuses diffusion prediction and a well-established morphological model that describes phase distributions in partially saturated porous *** demonstrate the ability of our CNN to perform accurate predictions of relative diffusion directly from full pore-space ***,we compare our predictions with well-established relations such as the one by Millington–Quirk.

关键词： Digital rock Neural networks Deep learning Relative diffusion Partial saturation

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