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Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina hromada Patrick heimel Markus Kerbl LászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.heinzel Antal Nógrádi andreas h.teusch.-woller David hercher Department Life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGCs). however, the use of tNGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

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Microglia:a promising therapeutic target in spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 454-463页

作者： Xiaowei Zha Guoli Zheng Thomas Skutella Karl Kiening andreas Unterberg Alexander Younsi Department of Neurosurgery Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany Department of Neuroanatomy Institute for Anatomy and Cell BiologyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

Microglia are present throughout the central nervous system and are vital in neural repair,nutrition,phagocytosis,immunological regulation,and maintaining neuronal *** a healthy spinal cord,microglia are accountable for immune surveillance,however,when a spinal cord injury occurs,the microenvironment drastically changes,leading to glial scars and failed axonal *** this context,microglia vary their gene and protein expression during activation,and proliferation in reaction to the injury,influencing injury responses both favorably and unfavorably.A dynamic and multifaceted injury response is mediated by microglia,which interact directly with neurons,astrocytes,oligodendrocytes,and neural stem/progenitor *** a clear understanding of their essential nature and origin,the mechanisms of action and new functions of microglia in spinal cord injury require extensive *** review summarizes current studies on microglial genesis,physiological function,and pathological state,highlights their crucial roles in spinal cord injury,and proposes microglia as a therapeutic target.

关键词： astrocytes cytokines functional recovery immune regulation M1/M2 activation macrophages microglia neuroinflammation spinal cord injury therapy

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Estimating relative diffusion from 3D micro-CT images using CNNs

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Artificial Intelligence in Geosciences 2023年第1期4卷 199-208页

作者： Stephan Gättner Florian Frank Fabian woller andreas Meier Nadja Ray Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nürnberg Department MathematikCauerstraβe 11Erlangen91058Germany Math2 Market Gmbh Richard-Wagner-Straβe 1Kaiserslautern67655Germany Mathematical Institute for Machine Learning and Data Science Goldknopfgasse 7Ingolstadt49085Germany

In recent years,convolutional neural networks(CNNs)have demonstrated their effectiveness in predicting bulk parameters,such as effective diffusion,directly from pore-space *** offer significant computational advantages over traditional methods,making them particularly ***,the current literature primarily focuses on fully saturated porous media,while the partially saturated case is also of high interest for various *** saturated conditions present more complex geometries for diffusive transport,making the prediction task more *** CNNs tend to lose robustness and accuracy with lower saturation *** this paper,we overcome this limitation by introducing a CNN,which conveniently fuses diffusion prediction and a well-established morphological model that describes phase distributions in partially saturated porous *** demonstrate the ability of our CNN to perform accurate predictions of relative diffusion directly from full pore-space ***,we compare our predictions with well-established relations such as the one by Millington–Quirk.

关键词： Digital rock Neural networks Deep learning Relative diffusion Partial saturation

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A DIFFUSION–TRANSPORT hYBRID METhOD FOR ACCELERATING OPTICAL TOMOGRAPhY

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Journal of Innovative Optical health Sciences 2010年第4期3卷 293-305页

作者： hYUN KEOL KIM andreas h.hIELSChER Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia University New YorkNY 10027USA Department of Radiology Columbia University New YorkNY 10032USA Department of Electrical Engineering Columbia University New YorkNY 10027USA

It is well acknowledged that the equation of radiative transfer(ERT)provides an accurate prediction of light propagation in biological tissues,while the diffusion approximation(DA)is of limited accuracy for the transport ***,ERT-based reconstruction codes require much longer computation times as compared to DA-based reconstruction *** introduce here a computationally efficient algorithm,called a diffusion–transport hybrid solver,that makes use of the DA-or low-order ERT-based inverse solution as an initial guess for the full ERT-based reconstruction *** evaluate the performance of this hybrid method,we present extensive studies involving numerical tissue phantoms and experimental *** a result,we show that the hybrid method reduces the reconstruction time by a factor of up to 23,depending on the physical character of the problem.

关键词： Optical tomography reconstruction time radiative transfer equation

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Structure-activity relationship of cyclic ADP-ribose, an update

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2013年第2期22卷 127-136页

作者： andreas h. Guse The Calcium Signalling Group Department of Biochemistry and Signal Transduction and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf

Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) is a universal Ca2+ mobilizing second messenger in many different cell types and organisms. cADPR activates Ca2+ release from endo/sarcoplasmic reticulum via ryanodine receptors. In addition, Ca2+ entry secondary to Ca2+ depletion is at least one of the mechanisms in which cADPR triggers Ca2+ inflow, too. Analogues of cADPR have been prepared by chemical and chemo-enzymatic routes. Most of the analogues were analyzed for biological activity in intact or permeabilized Jurkat T cells (a human T-lymphoma cell line). As a systematic approach, analogues were grouped according to alterations in the base, the northern ribose, the southern ribose, the pyrophosphate backbone, or in complex modifications, comprising more than one part of the molecule. Biological activity of the analogues is reviewed, with special emphasis on Jurkat T cells.

关键词： Cyclic ADP-ribose Calcium signaling Cyclic ADP-ribose analogue Ryanodine receptor TRPM2 Cellular signal transduction

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Light tuning CO/h_(2)composition on Ag:Unraveling CO_(2)mass transfer and electron-phonon coupling in plasmon-enhanced electrocatalysis

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 173-185页

作者： Rui Lin Dong Fan Luca MBerger Thomas Possmayer Yu Zhou Jiexin Zhu Xingbao Chen Wen Luo Lars Allmendinger andreas Tittl Leonardo de Souza Menezes Guillaume Maurin Shihe Yang and Stefan AMaier Nanoinstitute Munich Faculty of PhysicsLudwig-Maximilians-Universität München80539 MunichGermany Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253 CNRS ENSCM UniversitéMontpellierPlace E.Bataillon34090 MontpellierFrance Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Nano-Micro Material Research School of Advanced MaterialsPeking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München81377 MunichGermany Departamento de Física Universidade Federal de Pernambuco50670-901 Recife-PEBrazil School of Physics and Astronomy Monash University Clayton CampusMelbourneVictoria 3800Australia Department of Physics Imperial College LondonSW72AZ LondonUK

Plasmon-enhanced electrocatalysis(PEEC)is an emerging approach to mitigate CO_(2)*** mechanisms behind CO_(2)adsorption and reduction at the catalyst-electrolyte interface in PEEC still need to be further ***,we employ a well-defined Ag nanostructure to elucidate these pivotal *** shining light with wavelengths of 625,525,405 nm on Ag,an adjustable CO/h_(2)ratio from 35 to 1 can be *** reaction pathway changing under plasmonic excitation does not originate from the lowered CO_(2)mass transfer in the vicinity of Ag,as the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance results unravel that a slightly elevated temperature in bulk electrolyte caused by light irradiation cannot weaken the CO_(2)adsorption at the Ag catalyst-electrolyte *** calculations reveal that optical excitation towards shorter wavelengths leads to a progressive lowered energy barrier for h_(2)formation together with an enhanced energy barrier for^(*)COOh *** thermodynamically suppressed,CO_(2)reduction can still be improved kinetically by optimizing the excitation wavelength and intensity,being accompanied with the enhanced *** absorption spectroscopy results further correlate the higher photocurrent with a prolonged electron-phonon coupling time,verifying that the improvement of CO_(2)reduction kinetics in PEEC can be realized by hot electron harnessing.

关键词： plasmonic catalysis photoelectrochemical CO_(2)reduction CO/h_(2)ratio hot electron generation electronphonon coupling thermal effect

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Update on the management of sigmoid diverticulitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第9期27卷 760-781页

作者： Mark h hanna andreas M Kaiser Division of Colorectal Surgery Department of SurgeryCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCA 91010-3000United States

Diverticular disease and diverticulitis are the most common non-cancerous pathology of the *** has traditionally been considered a disease of the elderly and associated with cultural and dietary *** has been a growing evolution in our understanding and the treatment guidelines for this *** provide an updated review of the epidemiology,pathogenesis,classification and highlight changes in the medical and surgical management of *** is increasingly being seen in young patients(han previously *** similarities and overlap with inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome *** tomography imaging represents the standard to classify the severity of *** to the traditional hinchey classification might serve to better delineate mild and intermediate forms as well as better classify chronic presentations of ***-operative management is primarily based on antibiotics and supportive measures,but antibiotics may be omitted in mild *** colonoscopy remains advisable after an acute attack,particularly after a complicated *** surgery is needed for the most severe as well as refractory cases,whereas elective resections are individualized and should be considered for chronic,smoldering,or recurrent forms and respective complications(stricture,fistula,etc.)and for patients with factors highly predictive of recurrent *** is no longer a disease of the *** evolving understanding of diverticulitis as a clinical entity has led into a more nuanced approach in both the medical and surgical management of this common ***-surgical management remains the appropriate treatment for greater than 70%of *** individuals with non-relenting,persistent,or recurrent symptoms and those with complicated disease and sequelae,a segmental colectomy remains the most effec

关键词： Diverticulitis Epidemiology Antibiotics Surgical resection Laparoscopic lavage Classification

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Structural Finite Element Software Coupling Using Adapter Elements

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2019年第9期120卷 719-737页

作者： andreas h.Schellenberg Yuli huang Stephen A.Mahin Senior Engineer Maffei Structural EngineeringSan FranciscoCA 94111USA Senior Structural Analyst ArupSan FranciscoCA 94111USA

This paper describes a versatile and computationally efficient method for coupling several finite element analysis(FEA)programs together so that the unique modeling and analysis capabilities of each code can be utilized simultaneously to simulate the static or dynamic response of a complete numerical *** arbitrary number of finite element analysis software packages can be coupled by adding two special types of elements,namely generic and adapter elements,to each of the finite element applications using their programming *** elements are inserted at the interfaces between the different sub-domains of the complete system modeled by each finite element analysis software *** of data between the coupled FEA codes is accomplished in a modular and synchronized manner using OpenFresco(Opensource Framework for Experimental Setup and Control).OpenFresco is an objectoriented,environment independent software framework initially developed for hybrid simulation in which certain aspects of a complete structure are simulated numerically and other aspects are simultaneously tested *** important practical advantage of this coupled analysis approach is that all of the connected FEA codes run concurrently and continuously,decreasing analysis time consumption by an order of magnitude or more compared to more traditional approaches that shut down and restart the coupled analysis codes at each integration time *** implementation and accuracy of this approach to FE software coupling are demonstrated using dynamic analyses of three simple structural models from the field of earthquake engineering.

关键词： Software coupling co-simulation adapter element OpenFresco

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Simulation of microswimmer hydrodynamics with multiparticle collision dynamics

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第7期29卷 55-61页

作者： andreas Zottl Institute for Theoretical Physics TU WienWiedner Hauptstraße 8-101040 WienAustria

In this review we discuss the recent progress in the simulation of soft active matter systems and in particular the hydrodynamics of microswimmers using the method of multiparticle collision dynamics,which solves the hydrodynamic flows around active objects on a coarse-grained *** first present a brief overview of the basic simulation method and the coupling between microswimmers and *** then review the current achievements in simulating flexible and rigid microswimmers using multiparticle collision dynamics,and briefly conclude and discuss possible future directions.

关键词： active matter multiparticle collision dynamics microswimmers coarse-grained hydrodynamic simulations

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Source-specific risk assessment for cadmium in wheat and maize:Towards an enrichment model for China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 723-734页

作者： Zhong Zhuang Qiqi Wang Siyu huang Andrea Giovanna NinoSavala Yanan Wan huafen Li andreas h.Schweiger andreas Fangmeier Jürgen Franzaring Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001China Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology University of Hohenheim70599 StuttgartGermany

Cadmium (Cd) pollution of agricultural soil is of public concern due to its high potential toxicity and *** study aimed to reveal the risk of Cd accumulation in soil and wheat/maize systems,with a specific focus on the source-specific ecological risk,human health risk and Cd enrichment *** this we investigated more than 6100 paired soil and grain samples with 216 datasets including soil Cd contents,soil ph and grain Cd contents of 85 sites from *** results showed that mining activities,sewage irrigation,industrial activities and agricultural practices were the critical factors causing Cd accumulation in wheat and maize cultivated ***,mining activities contributed to a higher Cd accumulation risk in the southwest China and Middle Yellow River regions;sewage irrigation influenced the Cd accumulation in the North China *** addition,the investigated sites were classified into different categories by comparing their soil and grain Cd contents with the Chinese soil screening values and food safety values,*** enrichment models were developed to predict the Cd levels in wheat and maize *** results showed that the models exhibited a good performance for predicting the grain Cd contents among safe and warning sites of wheat (R2=0.61 and 0.72,respectively);while the well-fitted model for maize was prone to the overestimated sites (R2=0.77).This study will provide national viewpoints for the risk assessments and prediction of Cd accumulation in soil and wheat/maize systems.

关键词： Ecological risk Enrichment models Cadmium health risk assessment Pollution sources

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