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HVEM,a cosignaling molecular switch,and its interactions with BTLA,CD160 and LIGHT

Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第7期16卷 679-682页

作者： Jose Ignacio Rodriguez-Barbosa Pascal Schneider andreas weigert Kyung-Mi Lee Tae-Jin Kim Jose-Antonio Perez-Simon Maria-Luisa del Rio Transplantation Immunobiology Section Research Institutes of the University of LeonCampus of Vegazana s/n24071 LeonSpain Leon Regional Transplantation Coordination Center Leon University HospitalLeonSpain Acción Estratégica en Salud Consorcio CIBER-ONCSevilleSpain Department of Biochemistry University of Lausanne1066 EpalingesSwitzerland Institute of Biochemistry I Faculty of MedicineGoethe-University Frankfurt60590 FrankfurtGermany Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Korea University College of MedicineSeoul 02841Republic of Korea Department of Biomedical Engineering Center for Bio-Integrated ElectronicsSimpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnologyNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Department of Hematology Virgen del Rocio University HospitalBiomedical Institute of SevillaSevillaSpain

Temporal and spatial expression of cosignaling receptors and their ligands regulates the early stages of T-cell activation(signal 1,T-cell receptor(TCR)signaling and signal 2,costimulation/coinhibition),clonal expansion and T-cell survival during their differentiation towards effector T *** the inflammatory stimulus is eliminated,effector T cells return to homeostasis after undergoing a contraction phase by activation-induced cell death and the intervention of ligands for coinhibitory receptors,leaving a population of long-term memory T *** expression of ligands for coinhibitory receptors on hematopoietic cells and,more importantly,on non-hematopoietic cells of peripheral tissues is a key process in tuning the functional activity of effector T cells to prevent excess tissue inflammation that may lead to immunopathology and subsequent tissue dysfunction.

关键词： stimulation homeostasis inflammation

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Microglia:a promising therapeutic target in spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 454-463页

作者： Xiaowei Zha Guoli Zheng Thomas Skutella Karl Kiening andreas Unterberg Alexander Younsi Department of Neurosurgery Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany Department of Neuroanatomy Institute for Anatomy and Cell BiologyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

Microglia are present throughout the central nervous system and are vital in neural repair,nutrition,phagocytosis,immunological regulation,and maintaining neuronal *** a healthy spinal cord,microglia are accountable for immune surveillance,however,when a spinal cord injury occurs,the microenvironment drastically changes,leading to glial scars and failed axonal *** this context,microglia vary their gene and protein expression during activation,and proliferation in reaction to the injury,influencing injury responses both favorably and unfavorably.A dynamic and multifaceted injury response is mediated by microglia,which interact directly with neurons,astrocytes,oligodendrocytes,and neural stem/progenitor *** a clear understanding of their essential nature and origin,the mechanisms of action and new functions of microglia in spinal cord injury require extensive *** review summarizes current studies on microglial genesis,physiological function,and pathological state,highlights their crucial roles in spinal cord injury,and proposes microglia as a therapeutic target.

关键词： astrocytes cytokines functional recovery immune regulation M1/M2 activation macrophages microglia neuroinflammation spinal cord injury therapy

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Contribution of fungal biomass to persistent soil carbon across natural ecosystems

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年

作者： Xiang WANG Guang-Hui YU Yakov KUZYAKOV Bo-Hao YIN andreas KAPPLER Cong-Qiang LIU Bohai Coastal Critical Zone National Observation and Research Station Institute of Surface-Earth System Science School of Earth System Science Tianjin Key Laboratory of Earth Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai Rim Tianjin University Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems Department of Agricultural Soil Science University of G?ttingen Agro-Technological Institute Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) Geomicrobiology Center for Applied Geosciences University of Tübingen Cluster of Excellence EXC 2124 Controlling Microbes to Fight Infection University of Tübingen

Fungi are known to be crucial in the formation and stabilization of soil organic matter through their exudates and dead residues (necromass). Yet, it remains unclear how fungi contribute to the persistence of carbon in soils over millennial scales across biomes. Here, this study fills the knowledge gap by linking fungal carbon stocks with minerals-associated carbon stocks across major biomes. A strong correlation between fungal biomass and reactive mineral-associated carbon stocks in soils across six biomes supports the substantial role of fungi in soil carbon persistence at the global level. High spatial resolution nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry revealed that fungi may stabilize carbon by forming organo-mineral associations through their close physical connection to reactive minerals and weathered nanoparticles. We propose a conceptual model that emphasizes the dualistic role of hypha-mineral interactions:(i) fungi accelerate organic matter decomposition by producing reactive oxygen species on the hypha-mineral interfaces, and (ii) fungi stabilize their residues on mineral surfaces, leading to millennial scale persistence of soil C. Concluding, fungi play a fundamental role in ecosystems that extends beyond the decomposition of persistent carbon. They are crucial in stabilizing carbon on mineral surfaces, thereby facilitating the long-term removal of carbon from rapid biotic cycling.

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生态系统中真菌生物量对土壤稳定碳库的贡献

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中国科学:地球科学 2025年

作者：王翔余光辉 Yakov KUZYAKOV 殷博昊 andreas KAPPLER 刘丛强天津大学地球系统科学学院表层地球系统科学研究院环渤海地球关键带科学与可持续发展重点实验室环渤海滨海地球关键带野外科学观测研究站 Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems Department of Agricultural Soil ScienceUniversity of G?ttingen Agro-Technological Institute Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) Geomicrobiology Center for Applied GeosciencesUniversity of Tübingen Cluster of Excellence EXC 2124 Controlling Microbes to Fight InfectionTübingen University

真菌的胞外聚合物和死亡残体显著贡献于土壤有机质的形成和稳定过程.然而,在不同的生态系统中,真菌对千年尺度上土壤碳持久性的贡献与机制尚不清楚.本文研究发现,全球六个典型生态系统中的土壤真菌生物量碳库与矿物结合态碳库具有较强... 详细信息

真菌的胞外聚合物和死亡残体显著贡献于土壤有机质的形成和稳定过程.然而,在不同的生态系统中,真菌对千年尺度上土壤碳持久性的贡献与机制尚不清楚.本文研究发现,全球六个典型生态系统中的土壤真菌生物量碳库与矿物结合态碳库具有较强的耦联关系,表明在全球尺度上真菌胞外聚合物和残体显著贡献于土壤稳定碳库.利用高空间分辨率的纳米离子探针质谱分析,揭示了松树菌根中的真菌与矿物纳米颗粒紧密黏附在一起;同时,菌丝表面形成了500～600nm厚的矿物-有机复合体覆盖层,该发现为土壤中真菌胞外聚合物和残体碳稳定的微观机制提供了直接证据.进一步,本文提出了菌丝-矿物互作的概念模型:(1)活体真菌在菌丝-矿物界面产生活性氧,从而加速了有机质分解;(2)真菌残体或胞外聚合物通过与矿物吸附而直接稳定在菌丝表面,有助于形成土壤稳定碳库.综上,真菌在生态系统中不仅分解碳、促进元素生物地球化学循环,而且还通过将有机质稳定在矿物表面而促进碳的长期稳定.

关键词：生物地理学真菌矿物结合态有机质活性矿物土壤碳稳定性纳米离子探针质谱

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Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina Hromada Patrick Heimel Markus Kerbl LászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.Heinzel Antal Nógrádi andreas H.Teuschl-Woller David Hercher Department Life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGCs). However, the use of tNGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

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Adiponectin and its receptors in rodent models of fatty liver disease and liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第34期12卷 5490-5494页

作者： Markus Neumeier Claus Hellerbrand Erwin Gbele Roland Buettner Cornelius Bollheimer Johanna weigert andreas Schffler Thomas S Weiss Monika Lichtenauer Jürgen Schlmerich Christa Buechler Department of Internal Medicine I University of Regensburg D-93042 Regensburg Germany Department of Surgery Center for Liver Cell Research University of Regensburg Germany

AIM： To determine circulating and hepatic adiponectin in rodents with fatty liver disease or liver cirrhosis and investigate expression of the adiponectin receptors AdipoR1 on the mRNA and protein level and AdipoR2 on the mRNA level. METHODS： Fat fed rats were used as a model for fatty liver disease and bile duct ligation in mice to investigate cirrhotic liver. Expression of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 mRNA was determined by real time RT-PCR. AdipoR1 protein was analysed by immunoblot. Adiponectin was measured by ELISA. RESULTS： Systemic adiponectin is reduced in fatfed rats but is elevated in mice after bile duct ligation （BDL）. Hepatic adiponectin protein is lower in steatotic liver but not in the liver of BE）L-mice when compared to controls. Adiponectin mRNA was not detected in human liver samples or primary human hepatocytes nor in rat liver but recombinant adiponectin is taken up by isolated hepatocytes in-vitro. AdipoR1 mRNA and AdipoR1 protein levels are similar in the liver tissue of control and fat fed animals whereas AdipoR2 mRNA is induced. AdipoR2 mRNA and AdipoR1 mRNA and protein is suppressed in the liver of BDL-mice. CONCLUSION： Our studies show reduced circulating adiponectin in a rat model of fatty liver disease whereas circulating adiponectin is elevated in a mouse model of cirrhosis and similar findings have been described in humans. Diminished hepatic expression of adiponectin receptors was only found in liver cirrhosis.

关键词： Hepatic steatosis Adiponectin Liver cirrhosis Adiponectin receptor 1 Adiponectin receptor 2

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Simulation of microswimmer hydrodynamics with multiparticle collision dynamics

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第7期29卷 55-61页

作者： andreas Zottl Institute for Theoretical Physics TU WienWiedner Hauptstraße 8-101040 WienAustria

In this review we discuss the recent progress in the simulation of soft active matter systems and in particular the hydrodynamics of microswimmers using the method of multiparticle collision dynamics,which solves the hydrodynamic flows around active objects on a coarse-grained *** first present a brief overview of the basic simulation method and the coupling between microswimmers and *** then review the current achievements in simulating flexible and rigid microswimmers using multiparticle collision dynamics,and briefly conclude and discuss possible future directions.

关键词： active matter multiparticle collision dynamics microswimmers coarse-grained hydrodynamic simulations

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Tunable structural colors on display

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第6期11卷 1036-1037页

作者： andreas Tittl Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems Nanoinstitute MunichFaculty of PhysicsLudwig-Maximilians-Universitat MünchenKoniginstraβe 1080539 MünchenGermany

Structural coloration takes inspiration from the bright hues found in nature to control the reflection and transmission of light from artificially structured *** them with active electrical tuning heralds breakthrough... 详细信息

关键词： materials tuning breakthrough

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Geoscience material structures prediction via CALYPSO methodology

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Chinese Physics B 2019年第10期28卷 38-49页

作者： andreas Hermann Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy The University of Edinburgh

Many properties of planets such as their interior structure and thermal evolution depend on the high-pressure properties of their constituent materials. This paper reviews how crystal structure prediction methodology can help shed light on the transformations materials undergo at the extreme conditions inside planets. The discussion focuses on three areas:(i) the propensity of iron to form compounds with volatile elements at planetary core conditions(important to understand the chemical makeup of Earth's inner core),(ii) the chemistry of mixtures of planetary ices(relevant for the mantle regions of giant icy planets), and(iii) examples of mantle minerals. In all cases the abilities and current limitations of crystal structure prediction are discussed across a range of example studies.

关键词： crystal structure prediction core materials planetary ices hydrous minerals

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Plasma optics improving plasma accelerators

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第9期11卷 1954-1955页

作者： andreas Dopp Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit?t Munchen GarchingGermany

Plasma accelerators driven by high-power lasers can provide high-energy electron beams on a dramatically smaller scale than conventional radio-frequency ***,the performance of these accelerators is fundamentally limited by the diffraction of the ***-generated plasma waveguides can mitigate this problem and,combined with a controlled injection method for electrons,highlight the potential of novel laser-plasma optics.

关键词： optics Plasma conventional

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