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Combining High-Resolution Imaging,Deep Learning,and Dynamic Modeling to Separate Disease and Senescence in Wheat Canopies

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第2期5卷 295-312页

作者： Jonas Anderegg Radek Zenkl Achim Walter andreas Hund Plant Pathology Group Institute of Integrative BiologyETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland Crop Science Group Institute of Agricultural SciencesETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland

Maintenance of sufficiently healthy green leaf area after anthesis is key to ensuring an adequate assimilate supply for grain *** regulated age-related physiological senescence and various biotic and abiotic stressors drive overall greenness decay dynamics under field *** direct effects on green leaf area in terms of leaf damage,stressors often anticipate or accelerate physiological senescence,which may multiply their negative impact on grain ***,we present an image processing methodology that enables the monitoring of chlorosis and necrosis separately for ears and shoots(stems+leaves)based on deep learning models for semantic segmentation and color properties of vegetation.A vegetation segmentation model was trained using semisynthetic training data generated using image composition and generative adversarial neural networks,which greatly reduced the risk of annotation uncertainties and annotation *** of the models to image time series revealed temporal patterns of greenness decay as well as the relative contributions of chlorosis and ***-based estimation of greenness decay dynamics was highly correlated with scoring-based estimations(r≈0.9).Contrasting patterns were observed for plots with different levels of foliar diseases,particularly septoria tritici *** results suggest that tracking the chlorotic and necrotic fractions separately may enable(a)a separate quantification of the contribution of biotic stress and physiological senescence on overall green leaf area dynamics and(b)investigation of interactions between biotic stress and physiological *** high-throughput nature of our methodology paves the way to conducting genetic studies of disease resistance and tolerance.

关键词： Wheat enable image

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Tailored surface textures to increase friction-A review

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Friction 2022年第9期10卷 1285-1304页

作者： Henara L.COSTA Jörg SCHILLE andreas ROSENKRANZ School of Engineering Surface Engineering GroupUniversidade Federal do Rio GrandeRio Grande 96203900Brazil University of Applied Sciences Mittweida Laserinstitut Hochschule Mittweida 09648Germany Department of Chemical Engineering Biotechnology and MaterialsUniversity of ChileSantiago 8370459Chile

Surface textures with micro-scale feature dimensions still hold great potential to enhance the frictional performance of tribological *** from the ability of surface texturing to reduce friction,surface textures can also be used to intentionally increase friction in various applications that rely on friction for their adequate ***,this review aims at presenting the state-of-the-art regarding textured surfaces for high-friction *** a brief general introduction,the recent trends and future paths in laser surface texturing are ***,the potential of surface textures to increase friction in different applications including adhesion,movement transmission and control,biomimetic applications,and road-tire contacts is critically *** emphasis in this section is laid on the involved mechanisms responsible for friction ***,current short-comings and future research directions are pointed out thus emphasizing the great potential of(laser-based)surface texturing methods for innovations in modern surface engineering.

关键词： surface texturing tribology laser processing friction increase

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Role of minimally invasive surgery for rectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第30期26卷 4394-4414页

作者： Kurt A Melstrom andreas M Kaiser Division of Colorectal Surgery Department of SurgeryCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCA 91010-3000United States

Rectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies *** resection for rectal cancer usually requires a proctectomy with respective lymphadenectomy(total mesorectal excision).This has traditionally been performed transabdominally through an open *** the last thirty years,minimally invasive surgery platforms have rapidly evolved with the goal to accomplish the same quality rectal resection through a less invasive *** are currently three resective modalities that complement the traditional open operation:(1)Laparoscopic surgery;(2)Robotic surgery;and(3)Transanal total mesorectal *** addition,there are several platforms to carry out transluminal local excisions(without lymphadenectomy).Evidence on the various modalities is of mixed to moderate *** is unreasonable to expect a randomized comparison of all options in a single *** review aims at reviewing in detail the various techniques in regard to intra-/perioperative benchmarks,recovery and complications,oncological and functional outcomes.

关键词： Rectal cancer Minimally invasive surgery Laparoscopic surgery Robotic surgery Transanal total mesorectal excision Transanal minimally invasive surgery

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Liver transplantation for severe hepatic trauma:Experience from a single center

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第13期15卷 1641-1644页

作者： Spiros G Delis andreas Bakoyiannis Gennaro Selvaggi Debbie Weppler David Levi andreas G Tzakis Department of Surgery Division of TransplantationUniversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine

Liver transplantation has been reported in the literature as an extreme intervention in cases of severe and complicated hepatic *** main indications for liver transplant in such cases were uncontrollable bleeding and postoperative hepatic *** here describe four cases of orthotopic liver transplantation after penetrating or blunt liver *** indications were liver failure,extended liver necrosis,liver gangrene and multiple episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding related to portal hypertension,*** patient died due to postoperative cerebral *** other three patients recovered well and remain on *** transplantation should be considered as a saving procedure in severe hepatic trauma,when all other treatment modalities fail.

关键词： Liver injury Orthotopic liver transplantation Severe liver trauma Hepatic coma Hepatic trauma

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Ischemic long-term-potentiation(iLTP): perspectives to set the threshold of neural plasticity toward therapy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第10期10卷 1537-1539页

作者： Maximilian Lenz andreas Vlachos Nicola Maggio Department of Neurology The J.Sagol Neuroscience Center The Chaim Sheba Medical Center Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy Neuroscience Center Frankfurt Goethe-University Frankfurt Talpiot Medical Leadership Program The Chaim Sheba Medical Center

The precise role of neural plasticity under pathological conditions remains not well understood. It appears to be well accepted, however, that changes in the ability of neurons to express plasticity accompany neurological diseases. Here, we discuss recent experimental evidence, which suggests that synaptic plasticity induced by a pathological stimulus, i.e., ischemic long-term-potentiation（i LTP） of excitatory synapses, could play an important role for post-stroke recovery by influencing the post-lesional reorganization of surviving neuronal networks.

关键词： ischemic LTP(iLTP) stroke neural repair synaptic plasticity neural homeostasis

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Comparison of smoothness-constrained and geostatistically based cross-borehole electrical resistivity tomography for characterization of solute tracer plumes

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Water Science and Engineering 2016年第4期9卷 274-286页

作者： andreas Englert andreas Kemna Jun-feng Zhu Jan Vanderborght Harry Vereecken Tian-Chyi J.Yeh Institute of Geology Mineralogy and GeophysicsRuhr University Bochum Department of Geophysics Steinmann InstituteUniversity of Bonn Kentucky Geological Survey University of Kentucky Agrosphere Institute for Bio- and Geosciences(IBG-3)Forschungszentrum Jlich GmbH Department of Resources Engineering National Cheng Kung University Department of Hydrology and Water Resources The University of Arizona

Experiments using electrical resistivity tomography(ERT) have shown promising results in reducing the uncertainty of solute plume characteristics related to estimates based on the analysis of local point measurements *** explore the similarities and differences between two cross-borehole ERT inversion approaches for characterizing salt tracer plumes,namely the classical smoothness-constrained inversion and a geostatistically based approach,we performed two-dimensional synthetic *** assumptions about the solute transport model and the electrical forward and inverse model allowed us to study the sensitivity of the ERT inversion approaches towards a variety of basic conditions,including the number of boreholes,measurement schemes,contrast between the plume and background electrical conductivity,use of a priori knowledge,and point *** results show that geostatistically based and smoothness-constrained inversions of electrical resistance data yield plume characteristics of similar quality,which can be further improved when point measurements are incorporated and advantageous measurement schemes are *** expected,an increased number of boreholes included in the ERT measurement layout can highly improve the quality of inferred plume characteristics,while in this case the benefits of point conditioning and advantageous measurement schemes *** ERT inversion approaches are similarly sensitive to the noise level of the data and the contrast between the solute plume and background electrical conductivity,and robust with regard to biased input parameters,such as mean concentration,variance,and correlation length of the *** sophisticated inversion schemes have recently become available,in which flow and transport as well as electrical forward models are coupled,these schemes effectively rely on a relatively simple geometrical parameterization of the hydrogeological ***,we believe that standard uncoupled ER

关键词： Electrical resistivity tomography Inversion technique Solute tracer plume Synthetic experiment Plume characteristics

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Recent Developments in the Chemistry of Woody Odorants

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复旦学报（自然科学版） 2005年第5期44卷 777-778页

作者： andreas Goeke Shanghai Givaudan Ltd Pu Dong Zhangjiang High-Tech Park 298 Li Shi-zhen Road Shanghai 201203 China

Woody odorants constitute an important olfactory family in perfumery[1]. Essential wood oils, traditionally being obtained by steam distillation of plant materials, are extensively being used in a variety of *** oil (e. g. in "Gentlemen", Givenchy), vetiver oil ("Vetiver", J. P. Guerlain) and cedar wood oil ("Déclaration", Cartier) are classics in this field. On the other hand, many terpenic hydrocarbons which are perse not particularly useful as perfume ingredients, have been functionalized in order to obtain more sophisticated scents. Javanol(R), Belambre(R), Ysamber K(R) and Ambrocenide(R) (prepared from pinene, camphor,logifolene and cedrene) are the names of potent and recently commercialized wood odorants. However, due to variable qualities of the natural starting materials, it has been an important task in fragrance research to find inexpensive but fully synthetic alternatives which, in light of the complexity of the structures, remains challenging. See Fig. 1.

关键词：木制香料嗅觉阳离子环化作用氢化物

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Organocatalytic Domino-methylenation/Diels-Alder Reactions

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复旦学报（自然科学版） 2007年第5期46卷 600-601页

作者： andreas Goeke Shanghai Givaudan Ltd Pu Dong Zhang Jiang High-Tech Park

1 Results Organocatalytic reactions are currently very much en vogue as the term implies a connotation of ecologically benign *** addition,beautiful new results have been achieved over the last few years which triggered a dramatic increase in publications[1].Related to this topic is the catalysis of organic transformations by hydrogen bond donors and organic Brnsted acids[2].From an industrial point of view,these reactions can be beneficial when performed in water in high concentration,prerequ...

关键词： Diels-Alder organocatalysis methylenation selectivity odor

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Diagnostic approaches for cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第26期14卷 4131-4136页

作者： andreas Weber Roland M Schmid Christian Prinz Department of Internal Medicine Ⅱ Technical University of MunichMunich 81675Germany

Cholangiocarcinomas arise from the epithelial cells of the bile ducts and are associated with poor prognosis. Despite new diagnostic approaches, the definite diagnosis of this malignancy continues to be challenging. Cholangiocarcinomas often grow longitudinally along the bile duct rather than in a radial direction. Thus, large tumor masses are frequently absent and imaging techniques, including ultrasound, CT, and MRI have only limited sensitivity. Tissue collection during endoscopic (ERCP) and/or percutaneous transhepatic (PTC) procedures are usually used to confirm a definitive diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. However, forceps biopsy and brush cytology provide positive results for malignancy in about only 50% of patients. Percutaneous and peroral cholangioscopy using fiber-optic techniques were therefore developed for direct visualization of the biliary tree, yielding additional information about endoscopic appearance and tumor extension, as well as a guided biopsy acquistion. Finally, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) complements endoscopic and percutaneous approaches and may provide a tissue diagnosis of tumors in the biliary region through fine-needle aspiration. In the future, new techniques allowing for early detection, including molecular markers, should be developed to improve the diagnostic sensitivity in this increasing tumor entity.

关键词： Diagnosis Brush cytology Forceps biopsy Cholangiocarcinoma

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COSMO-RS: From Quantum Chemistry to Fluid Phase Thermodynamics and Drug Design

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2005年

作者： Klamt, andreas

ISBN: (数字)9780080455532

ISBN: (纸本)9780444519948

The COSMO-RS technique is a novel method for predicting the thermodynamic properties of pure and mixed fluids which are important in many areas, ranging from chemical engineering to drug design. COSMO-RS, From Quantum Chemistry to Fluid Phase Thermodynamics and Drug Design is about this novel technology, which has recently proven to be the most reliable and efficient tool for the prediction of vapour-liquid equilibria. In contrast to group contribution methods, which depend on an extremely large number of experimental data, COSMO-RS calculates the thermodynamic data from molecular surface polarity distributions, resulting from quantum chemical calculations of the individual compounds in the mixture. In this book, the author cleverly combines a vivid overview of the partly demanding theoretical steps with a deeper analysis of their scientific background and justification. Aimed at theoretical chemists, computational chemists, physical chemists, chemical engineers, thermodynamicists as well as students,academic and industrial experts, COSMO-RS, From Quantum Chemistry to Fluid Phase Thermodynamics and Drug Design provides a novel viewpoint to anyone looking to gain more insight into the theory and potential of the unique method, COSMO-RS. The only book currently available on COSMO-RS techniqueProvides a novel viewpoint for the scientific understanding and for the practical quantitative treatment of fluid phase thermodynamicsIncludes illustrative examples of the COSMOtherm program

关键词： Drugs

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