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Intrahepatic cholestasis without jaundice

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2009年第1期8卷 103-105页

作者： Thomas Namdar andreas raffel Stefan andreas Topp Jan Schulte am Esch Günther Fürst Wolfram Trudo Knoefel Claus Ferdinand Eisenberger Department of General Visceral and Pediatric Surgery Heinrich-Heine University Institute of Diagnostic Radiology Heinrich-Heine University

BACKGROUND:Cholangiocarcinoma(CC),the most common biliary tract malignancy,is frequently seen in advanced unresectable stages and is typically localized *** diagnosis is unusual because of nonspecific *** jaundice is usually the first sign of tumor. METHOD:We present a patient with a CC(Klatskin tumor) with a complete biliary drainage by an aberrant bile duct without jaundice. RESULTS:A 67-year-old woman presented with persisting elevation of liver *** tests showed a Klatskin tumor typeⅡ.A curative right hepatic trisegmentectomy was performed after liver volume augmentation by preoperative vein embolization. CONCLUSIONS:A direct drainage of the right posterior bile duct into the common bile duct as an aberrant hepatic duct is a rare variation and is present in less than 5%of the *** case of persistently perturbed liver function tests,an aberrant bile duct can cover up severe intrahepatic cholestasis and even obscure the diagnosis of a Klatskin *** to now it has not been described in the literature.

关键词： Klatskin tumor hyperbilirubinemia cholangiocarcinoma

Extrahepatic intraductal ectopic hepatocellular carcinoma:bile duct filling defect

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2009年第6期8卷 650-652页

作者： Moritz Schmelzle Hanno Matthaei Nadja Lehwald andreas raffel Roy Y.Tustas Natalia Pomjanski Petra Reinecke Marcus Schmitt Jan Schulte am Esch Wolfram T.Knoefel Claus F.Eisenberger Department of General Visceral and Pediatric Surgery Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf Institute of Cytopathology Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf Institute of Pathology Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Infectious Diseases Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf

BACKGROUND:Obstructive jaundice caused by an intraductal hepatocellular carcinoma is a rare initial *** report a rare case of an extrahepatic icteric type hepatocellular ***:A 75-year-old patient was admitted to our hospital because of obstructive jaundice 3 months after resection of multilocular hepatocellular carcinoma.A postoperative bile leakage was treated by placement of a decompressing stent in the common bile *** retrograde choledochoscopy showed extended blood clots filling the bile duct system and computed tomography revealed a local swelling in the common extrahepatic bile *** level of alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)was only slightly elevated but that of CA19-9 was dramatically *** showed an intraductal filling defect typical of a cholangiocellular ***:Bile duct brushing cytology showed no cholangiocellular carcinoma but hepatocellular carcinoma cells in the extrahepatic bile *** extrahepatic bile duct resection was *** examination confirmed the diagnosis of extrahepatic intraductal growth of hepatocellular ***:Ectopic hepatocellular carcinoma is a rare but important differentially diagnosed of extrahepatic bile duct filling defect.

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma cholangiocellular carcinoma bile duct obstructive jaundice

Sporadic versus hereditary gastrinomas of the duodenum and pancreas: Distinct clinico-pathological and epidemiological features

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第34期12卷 5440-5446页

作者： Martin Anlauf Nele Garbrecht Tobias Henopp Anja Schmitt Regina Schlenger andreas raffel Markus Krausch Oliver Gimm Claus F Eisenberger Wolfram T Knoefel Henning Dralle Paul Komminoth Philipp U Heitz Aurel Perren Günter Klppel Department of Pathology Universityof Kiel Germany Department of Pathology University of Zürich Switzerland Department of Pathology Universityof Kiel Germany Department of Forensic Medicine Universityof Kiel Germany Department of General Visceral andPediatric Surgery University of Düsseldorf Germany Department of General andVisceral Surgery University of Halle-Wittenberg Germany

Gastrinomas are defined as gastrin secreting tumors that are associated with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome （ZES）. ZES is characterized by elevated fasting gastrin serum levels, positive secretin stimulation test and clinical symptoms such as recurrent peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease and occasional diarrhea. Genetically, nonhereditary （sporadic） gastrinomas are distinguished from hereditary gastrinomas, which are associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 （MEN1） syndrome. In general, duodenal gastrinomas are small and solitary if they are sporadic and multiple as well as hereditary. The sporadic gastrinomas occur in the duodenum or in the pancreas while the hereditary gastrinomas almost all occur in the duodenum. Our series of 77 sporadic duodenal neuroendocrine tumors （NETs） includes 18 patients （23.4%） with gastrinomas and ZES. Of 535 sporadic NETs in the pancreas collected from the NET archives of the departments of pathology in Zürich, Switzerland, and Kiel, Germany, 24 patients （4.5%） suffered from sporadic pancreatic gastrinomas and ZES. These NETs have to be distinguished from tumors with immunohistochemical positivity for gastrin but without evidence of ZES. An additional 19 patients suffered from MEN1 and ZES. These patients showed exclusively duodenal gastrinomas, but not pancreatic gastrinomas. The prognosis of sporadic and MEN1- associated duodenal gastrinomas is better than that of pancreatic gastrinomas, since they progress slowly to liver metastasis. In summary, sporadic and MEN1- associated gastrinomas in the duodenum and pancreas show different clinico-pathological and genetic features. The incidence of sporadic duodenal gastrin-producing tumors is increasing, possibly due to optimized diagnostic procedures. In contrast, pancreatic MEN1- associated gastrinomas seem to be extremely rare. A considerable subset of tumors with immunohistochemical expression of gastrin but without evidence of ZES should be designated as functio

关键词： Endocrine tumor Gastrinoma Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 Precursor lesion Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

Microglia:a promising therapeutic target in spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 454-463页

作者： Xiaowei Zha Guoli Zheng Thomas Skutella Karl Kiening andreas Unterberg Alexander Younsi Department of Neurosurgery Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany Department of Neuroanatomy Institute for Anatomy and Cell BiologyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

Microglia are present throughout the central nervous system and are vital in neural repair,nutrition,phagocytosis,immunological regulation,and maintaining neuronal *** a healthy spinal cord,microglia are accountable for immune surveillance,however,when a spinal cord injury occurs,the microenvironment drastically changes,leading to glial scars and failed axonal *** this context,microglia vary their gene and protein expression during activation,and proliferation in reaction to the injury,influencing injury responses both favorably and unfavorably.A dynamic and multifaceted injury response is mediated by microglia,which interact directly with neurons,astrocytes,oligodendrocytes,and neural stem/progenitor *** a clear understanding of their essential nature and origin,the mechanisms of action and new functions of microglia in spinal cord injury require extensive *** review summarizes current studies on microglial genesis,physiological function,and pathological state,highlights their crucial roles in spinal cord injury,and proposes microglia as a therapeutic target.

关键词： astrocytes cytokines functional recovery immune regulation M1/M2 activation macrophages microglia neuroinflammation spinal cord injury therapy

Contribution of fungal biomass to persistent soil carbon across natural ecosystems

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年

作者： Xiang WANG Guang-Hui YU Yakov KUZYAKOV Bo-Hao YIN andreas KAPPLER Cong-Qiang LIU Bohai Coastal Critical Zone National Observation and Research Station Institute of Surface-Earth System Science School of Earth System Science Tianjin Key Laboratory of Earth Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai Rim Tianjin University Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems Department of Agricultural Soil Science University of G?ttingen Agro-Technological Institute Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) Geomicrobiology Center for Applied Geosciences University of Tübingen Cluster of Excellence EXC 2124 Controlling Microbes to Fight Infection University of Tübingen

Fungi are known to be crucial in the formation and stabilization of soil organic matter through their exudates and dead residues (necromass). Yet, it remains unclear how fungi contribute to the persistence of carbon in soils over millennial scales across biomes. Here, this study fills the knowledge gap by linking fungal carbon stocks with minerals-associated carbon stocks across major biomes. A strong correlation between fungal biomass and reactive mineral-associated carbon stocks in soils across six biomes supports the substantial role of fungi in soil carbon persistence at the global level. High spatial resolution nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry revealed that fungi may stabilize carbon by forming organo-mineral associations through their close physical connection to reactive minerals and weathered nanoparticles. We propose a conceptual model that emphasizes the dualistic role of hypha-mineral interactions:(i) fungi accelerate organic matter decomposition by producing reactive oxygen species on the hypha-mineral interfaces, and (ii) fungi stabilize their residues on mineral surfaces, leading to millennial scale persistence of soil C. Concluding, fungi play a fundamental role in ecosystems that extends beyond the decomposition of persistent carbon. They are crucial in stabilizing carbon on mineral surfaces, thereby facilitating the long-term removal of carbon from rapid biotic cycling.

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生态系统中真菌生物量对土壤稳定碳库的贡献

中国科学:地球科学 2025年

作者：王翔余光辉 Yakov KUZYAKOV 殷博昊 andreas KAPPLER 刘丛强天津大学地球系统科学学院表层地球系统科学研究院环渤海地球关键带科学与可持续发展重点实验室环渤海滨海地球关键带野外科学观测研究站 Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems Department of Agricultural Soil ScienceUniversity of G?ttingen Agro-Technological Institute Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) Geomicrobiology Center for Applied GeosciencesUniversity of Tübingen Cluster of Excellence EXC 2124 Controlling Microbes to Fight InfectionTübingen University

真菌的胞外聚合物和死亡残体显著贡献于土壤有机质的形成和稳定过程.然而,在不同的生态系统中,真菌对千年尺度上土壤碳持久性的贡献与机制尚不清楚.本文研究发现,全球六个典型生态系统中的土壤真菌生物量碳库与矿物结合态碳库具有较强... 详细信息

真菌的胞外聚合物和死亡残体显著贡献于土壤有机质的形成和稳定过程.然而,在不同的生态系统中,真菌对千年尺度上土壤碳持久性的贡献与机制尚不清楚.本文研究发现,全球六个典型生态系统中的土壤真菌生物量碳库与矿物结合态碳库具有较强的耦联关系,表明在全球尺度上真菌胞外聚合物和残体显著贡献于土壤稳定碳库.利用高空间分辨率的纳米离子探针质谱分析,揭示了松树菌根中的真菌与矿物纳米颗粒紧密黏附在一起;同时,菌丝表面形成了500～600nm厚的矿物-有机复合体覆盖层,该发现为土壤中真菌胞外聚合物和残体碳稳定的微观机制提供了直接证据.进一步,本文提出了菌丝-矿物互作的概念模型:(1)活体真菌在菌丝-矿物界面产生活性氧,从而加速了有机质分解;(2)真菌残体或胞外聚合物通过与矿物吸附而直接稳定在菌丝表面,有助于形成土壤稳定碳库.综上,真菌在生态系统中不仅分解碳、促进元素生物地球化学循环,而且还通过将有机质稳定在矿物表面而促进碳的长期稳定.

关键词：生物地理学真菌矿物结合态有机质活性矿物土壤碳稳定性纳米离子探针质谱

Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina Hromada Patrick Heimel Markus Kerbl LászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.Heinzel Antal Nógrádi andreas H.Teuschl-Woller David Hercher Department Life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGCs). However, the use of tNGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

Simulation of microswimmer hydrodynamics with multiparticle collision dynamics

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第7期29卷 55-61页

作者： andreas Zottl Institute for Theoretical Physics TU WienWiedner Hauptstraße 8-101040 WienAustria

In this review we discuss the recent progress in the simulation of soft active matter systems and in particular the hydrodynamics of microswimmers using the method of multiparticle collision dynamics,which solves the hydrodynamic flows around active objects on a coarse-grained *** first present a brief overview of the basic simulation method and the coupling between microswimmers and *** then review the current achievements in simulating flexible and rigid microswimmers using multiparticle collision dynamics,and briefly conclude and discuss possible future directions.

关键词： active matter multiparticle collision dynamics microswimmers coarse-grained hydrodynamic simulations

Tunable structural colors on display

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第6期11卷 1036-1037页

作者： andreas Tittl Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems Nanoinstitute MunichFaculty of PhysicsLudwig-Maximilians-Universitat MünchenKoniginstraβe 1080539 MünchenGermany

Structural coloration takes inspiration from the bright hues found in nature to control the reflection and transmission of light from artificially structured *** them with active electrical tuning heralds breakthrough... 详细信息

关键词： materials tuning breakthrough