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Cholesterol business:lifeor death byrust

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第4期9卷 1247-1248页

作者： Shubhangi Gavalil Francesca Maremonti andreas Linkermann Division of Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine 3University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universitat DresdenDresdenGermany Division of Nephrology Department of MedicineAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNYUSA

In two recent manuscripts published in Nature,the cholesterol-synthesis pathway was identified as a master regulator of ferroptosis sensitivity and therefore as a novel therapeutic target.1,2 Ferroptosis does not only represent one way to eliminate cancer cells,but also contributes to acute organ damage in the kidney,heart,brain,and liver,and it kills tissues during the process of organ *** term“ferroptosis”should be defined as a cellular process of iron-catalyzed lipid peroxidation-mediated rupture of the plasma membrane.

关键词： rupture death damage

Wafer-scale fabricated thermo-pneumatically tunable microlenses

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Light(Science & Applications) 2014年第1期3卷 298-303页

作者： Wei Zhang Hans Zappe andreas Seifert Department of Microsystems Engineering University of Freiburg79110 FreiburgGermany

We have developed a self-contained,liquid tunable microlens based on polyacrylate membranes integrated with compact on-chip thermo-pneumatic actuation fabricated using full-wafer *** oil is used as the optical liquid,which is pushed or pulled into the lens cavity via an extended microfluidic channel structure without any pumps,valves or other mechanical *** heat load generated by the thermal actuator is physically isolated from the lens *** back focal length may be tuned from infinity to 4 mm with a maximum power consumption of 300 *** principal application is fine tuning of the back focal length,for which tuning time constants as small as 100 ms are suitable.

关键词： optofluidics thermo-pneumatic actuation tunable microlens wafer-scale fabrication

The role of male contest competition over mates in speciation

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Current Zoology 2012年第3期58卷 493-509页

作者： Anna QVARNSTROM Niclas VALLIN andreas RUDH Animal Ecology/Department of Ecology and Genetics Evolutionary Biology Centre Uppsala University Norbyv~gen 18DSE-752 36 Uppsala Sweden

Research on the role of sexual selection in the speciation process largely focuses on the diversifying role of mate choice. In particular, much attention has been drawn to the fact that population divergence in mate choice and in the male traits subject to choice directly can lead to assortative mating. However, male contest competition over mates also constitutes an important mechanism of sexual selection. We review recent empirical studies and argue that sexual selection through male contest competition can affect speciation in ways other than mate choice. For example, biases in aggression towards similar competitors can lead to disruptive and negative frequency-dependent selection on the traits used in contest competition in a similar way as competition for other types of limited resources. Moreover, male contest abilities often trade-off against other abilities such as parasite resistance, protection against predators and general stress tolerance. Populations experiencing different ecological condi- tions should therefore quickly diverge non-randomly in a number of traits including male contest abilities. In resource based breeding systems, a feedback loop between competitive ability and habitat use may lead to further population divergence. We discuss how population divergence in traits used in male contest competition can lead to the build up of reproductive isolation through a number of different pathways. Our main conclusion is that the role of male contest competition in speciation remains largely scientifically unexplored [Current Zoology 58 （3）： 493-509, 2012].

关键词： Male-male competition Sexual selection Speciation Resource based breeding systems Contest competition Population divergence Reproductive isolation

Proteomic Analysis of the Proplastid Envelope Membrane Provides Novel Insights into Small Molecule and Protein Transport across Proplastid Membranes

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Molecular Plant 2009年第6期2卷 1247-1261页

作者： Andrea Brautigam andreas RM. Weber Institut fur Biochemie der Pflanzen Heinrich Heine Universitat Universitatsstrasse 1 D-40225 Dusseldorf Germany Genetics Program Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA Department of Plant Biology Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA

Proplastids are undifferentiated plastids of meristematic tissues that synthesize amino acids for protein synthesis, fatty acids for membrane lipid production, and purines and pyrimidines for DNA and RNA synthesis. Unlike chloroplasts, proplastids depend on supply, with reducing power, energy, and precursor metabolites from the remainder of the cell. Comparing proplastid and chloroplast envelope proteomes and the corresponding transcriptomes of leaves and shoot apex revealed a clearly distinct composition of the proplastid envelope. It is geared towards import of metabolic precursors and export of product metabolites for the rapidly dividing cell. The analysis also suggested a new role for the triosephosphate translocator in meristematic tissues, identified the route of organic nitrogen import into proplastids, and detected an adenine nucleotide exporter. The protein import complex contains the import receptors Toc120 and Toc132 and lacks the redox sensing complex subunits of Tic32, Tic55, and Tic62, which mirrors the expression patterns of the corresponding genes in leaves and the shoot apex. We further show that the protein composition of the internal membrane system is similar to etioplasts, as it is dominated by the ATP synthase complex and thus remarkably differs from that of chloroplast thylakoids.

关键词： Membrane biochemistry proteomics transporters chloroplast biology membrane proteins transcriptome analysis.

Listen to the sound of moving sediment in a small gravel-bed river

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2016年第3期31卷 271-278页

作者： andreas Krein Reimar Schenkluhn andreas Kurtenbach Reinhard Bierl Julien Barrière Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology Environmental Research and Innovation Department Department of Hydrology University of Trier National Museum of Natural History(Mnhn) European Center for Geodynamics and Seismology

In order to assess the dynamics of rivers,a reliable characterization of bedload transport particularly during unsteady flow regimes is *** contrast to highly energetic cases in hillslope areas,we aim to answer the question whether the usage of acoustic measurements can improve the characterization of bedioad in small rivers draining low land mountains with comparatively low water discharge and *** addition to the investigation of natural flood events,controlled floods were generated by releasing water from a reservoir into a small gravel-bed *** controlled releases allow for an evaluation of bedioad solely from channel storage or bank *** acoustical in-situ characterization of bedioad transport,hydrophones were mounted onto the bottom side of steel plates,thus recording the impacts of sediments via the acoustic vibrations on the surface of the plates while at the same time minimizing the disturbing noise resulting from water *** bedioad traps are removable boxes with open lids fixed in the riverbed so that bedioad material registered by the hydrophone is *** acoustic signals correlate well with the quantity of the transported *** summer flood events the highest transport rates occur at the beginning of the rising limb featuring clockwise *** is due to the rising transport energy of the flow and the presence of loose,unconsolidated *** typical winter flood events bedioad shows anticlockwise *** intensification of bedioad conveyance after the runoff peak can be explained by a decreasing stability of the bed material from the beginning to the end of a transport *** behavior also results from a combination of bedioad exhaustion in the vicinity of the monitoring station with a delayed arrival of new material from distal sources later in the hydrograph.

关键词： Bedload Gravel-bed Hydroacoustic Hysteresis Plate system

Attitude maneuvers avoiding forbidden directions

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Astrodynamics 2023年第3期7卷 351-362页

作者： David Ailabouni andreas Meister Karlheinz Spindler Institute of Mathematics University of KasselHeinrich-Plett-Straße 4034132KasselGermany Department of Enigeering RheinMain University of Applied SciencesKurt-Schumacher-Ring 1865197WiesbadenGermany

Many space missions require the execution of large-angle attitude slews during which stringent pointing constraints must be *** example,the pointing direction of a space telescope must be kept away from directions to bright objects,maintaining a prescribed safety *** this paper we propose an open-loop attitude control algorithm which determines a rest-to-rest maneuver between prescribed attitudes while ensuring that any of an arbitrary number of body-fixed directions of light-sensitive instruments stays clear of any of an arbitrary number of space-fixed *** approach is based on an application of a version of Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle tailor-made for optimal control problems on Lie groups,and the pointing constraints are ensured by a judicious choice of the cost *** existence of up to three first integrals of the resulting system equations is established,depending on the number of light-sensitive and forbidden *** first integrals can be exploited in the numerical implementation of the attitude control algorithm,as is shown in the case of one light-sensitive and several forbidden *** results of the test cases presented confirm the applicability of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： attitude control pointing constraints optimal control on Lie groups Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle

No evidence for female discrimination against male house mice carrying a selfish genetic element

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Current Zoology 2016年第6期62卷 675-685页

作者： andreas SUTTER Anna K. LINDHOLM Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 Zurich 8057 Switzerland

Meiotic drivers distort transmission to the next generation in their favor, with detrimental effects on the fitness of their homologues and the rest of the genome. Male carriers of meiotic drivers commonly inflict costs on their mates through genetic incompatibility, reduced fecundity, or biased brood sex ratios. Given these costs, evidence for female discrimination against male carriers is surprisingly rare. One of few examples is the t haplotype in house mice, a meiotic driver that shows strong transmission distortion in males and is typically homozygote lethal. As a consequence, mating between 2 t heterozygous （＋/t） mice leads to high embryo mortality. Previous experiments showing that＋/t females avoid this incompatibility cost by preferring ＋/＋ versus ＋/t males have inferred preference based on olfactory cues or brief social interactions. Evidence from mating contexts in laboratory settings and semi-natural populations has been inconclusive. Here, we investigated female choice from a large number of no-choice mating trials. We found no evidence for discrimination against＋/t males based on mating, remating, and copulatory behavior. Further, we found no evidence for avoidance of incompatibility through selective interactions between game- tes. The likelihood of mating showed significant effects of female weight and genotype, suggesting that our test paradigm enabled females to exhibit mate choice. We discuss the strengths and limitations of our approach. By explicitly considering selection at both the individual and gene level, we argue why precopulatory female discrimination by＋/t females may be less evolutionarily stable than discrimination by all females based on postcopulatory mechanisms.

关键词： cryptic female choice female preference indirect benefits mate choice segregation distortion t haplotype

Fused in sarcoma-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis as a novel member of DNA single strand break diseases with pure neurological phenotypes

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第1期16卷 110-112页

作者： Marcel Naumann Julian Laubenthal andreas Hermann Translational Neurodegeneration Section“Albrecht-Kossel” Department of NeurologyUniversity Medical Center RostockUniversity of RostockRostockGermany German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases(DZNE)Rostock/Greifswald Center for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences Rostock(CTNR)University Medical Center RostockUniversity of RostockRostockGermany

Accumulation of DNA damage and genomic instability are believed to have crucial effects in neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,Huntington’s disease,premature aging diseases as well as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)and frontotemporal dementia(FTD).Until recently these studies were largely correlative in nature,though raising the possibility that defects in the DNA damage response(DDR)underlie neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： diseases Huntington amyotrophic

Cancer cells evade ferroptosis: sex hormone-driven membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing 1 and 2 (MBOAT1/2) expression

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第10期8卷 4424-4425页

作者： Alexia Belavgeni Wulf Tonnus andreas Linkermann Division of Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine IUniversity Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universitat DresdenDresdenGermany Division of Nephrology Department of MedicineAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNYUSA

In a recent manuscript published in Cell,Liang et *** novel ferroptosis regulators,membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing 1 and 2(MBOAT1/2).1 These findings may have implications for ferroptosis-based canc... 详细信息

关键词： al. T1/2 Cancer