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Impact of Chain Length of Saturated Fatty Acids during Their Heterogeneously Catalyzed Deoxygenation

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2014年第3期4卷 183-193页

作者： Shrikant Mohite Udo Armbruster Manfred Richter andreas martin ARMACO Chemical Process Systems Mumbai India Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock Rostock Germany

Fatty acids with different chain length were deoxygenated in the absence of hydrogen (caprylic acid (CA), lauric acid (LA) and stearic acid (SA)). The catalytic tests were carried over Pd-containing catalysts out in a batch reactor under inert gas for 6 h at 250°C to 350°C and pressures from 18 to 75 bar in the absence of additionally fed hydrogen. Pd-containing catalysts were tested;the best performing catalyst was 10% Pd/C with 63% undecane yield at 327°C. These catalysts were used for a comparative decarboxylation of CA, LA and SA. At equal reaction conditions (300°C, 6 h), the chain length of the fatty acid had a strong impact on the conversion, which was steadily increasing, whereas the alkane selectivity ran through a maximum. This work demonstrated the usability of Pd-containing catalysts for the decarboxylation of various fatty acids in the absence of additionally fed hydrogen with respect to the manufacture of hydrocarbons that can be used as blending components for fuels.

关键词： Deoxygenation Decarboxylation Fatty Acids Long-Chain Alkanes Catalysts

速激肽对大鼠小肠上行及下行反射通路的作用(英文)

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2002年第4期23卷 3-9页

作者： andreas HAHN, martin STORR, Hans-Dieter ALLESCHER(// Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik der Technischen Universitat Munchen, 81675 Munchen, Germany) ll Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik der Technischen Universitat München 81675 Mtnchen 德国 ll Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik der Technischen Universitat München 81675 Mtnchen1 德国

AIM: To examine the effect of tachykinins on the ascending reflex pathway in rat small intestine, we used different selective neurokinin (NK) receptor antagonists (RA); a) NK1-RA; GR-82334 and CP-96.345, b) NK2-RA: MEN-10.376 and L-659.877. The aim was further to investigate the effect of substance P (SP) on the ascending excitatory and descending inhibitory reflex pathway. METHODS: The whole segments of rat ileum (10 cm in length) were studied in an organ bath. Ascending contraction of circle muscle was elicited by anal electrical stimulation (3 Hz, 1ms, 20 V) and measured as change of intraluminal pressure by a perfused manometric system 2 cm and 4 cm orad of the stimulation site. RESULTS: GR-82334 and CP-96.345 (NK1-RA) caused a significant dose-related inhibition of the oral contraction at a distance of 4 cm: GR-82334 [area: -10 % ± 8 % (10 nmol/L); - 29 %±10 % (1000 nmol/L). P < 0.05, n = 10 ], CP-96.345 [area: -2 %±6 %(0.1 nmol/L);-14 %±10 %(10nmol/ L). P < 0.01, n = 8], whereas the contractil

关键词：速激肽类神经激肽-1受体神经激肽-2受体 P物质

Influence of Single Use and Combination of Reductants on the Size, Morphology and Growth Steps of Gold Nanoparticles in Colloidal Mixture

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Open Journal of Physical Chemistry 2012年第4期2卷 252-261页

作者： Ahmad Alshammari Angela Kockritz Venkata Narayana Kalevaru Abdulaziz Bagabas andreas martin National Nanotechnology Research Center King Abdulaziz City for Science and TechnologyRiyadhSaudi Arabia Leibniz-Institute for Catalysis at University of Rostock RostockGermany

A comprehensive investigation on the formation mechanism of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in colloidal mixture obtained from the reduction of chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) solution using a single reducing agent (sodium citrate;process-I), (tannic acid;process-II), and a combination of two reducing agents (sodium citrate plus tannic acid;process-III) is reported. The growth steps at different time intervals during synthesis of colloidal AuNPs were monitored in situ and ex situ using various methods for all the three processes. The measurement of changes in the surface plasmon band position of colloidal AuNPs, along with dynamic light scattering results gave important information for the first assessing of particle size, shape and distribution. Besides, the size and morphological changes at different stages during different processes were also analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. The final Au particles of processes-I & II exhibited different shapes (spherical and nanowires) with particle size and nano wire diameter of 12 nm and 17 nm, respectively. Nevertheless, combination of two reductants (process-III) surprisingly leads to drastically reduced size (ca. 3 nm) with spherical morphology compared to their parent solutions with either of single reducing agent. This result clearly indicates that the combination of reductants has a significant influence on the particle size, morphology and formation mechanism.

关键词： Colloidal Gold Nanoparticles Reducing Agents Size Distribution Morphology

Hydrodeoxygenation of Bio-Oil on Bimetallic Catalysts: From Model Compound to Real Feed

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2015年第4期5卷 151-160页

作者： Thuan Minh Huynh Udo Armbruster Luong Huu Nguyen Duc Anh Nguyen andreas martin Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at University of Rostock Rostock Germany Vietnam Petroleum Institute Hanoi Vietnam

Two series of bimetallic Ni-Co catalysts and corresponding monometallic catalysts with ca. 20 wt% metal loading were evaluated in hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of phenol as a model compound for bio-oil. The bimetallic catalysts outperformed the corresponding monometallic catalyst in terms of conversion and cyclohexane selectivity. This could be attributed to the formation of Ni-Co alloy, which caused a decrease in metal particle size and stabilized Ni active sites in the near surface region. The balanced combination of formed Ni-Co alloy with acidity from supports allowed performing all individual steps in the reaction network toward desired products at high rate. Consequently, the two best-performing catalysts were tested in HDO of wood based bio-oil, showing that the bimetallic catalyst 10Ni10Co/HZSM-5 was more effective than 20Ni/HZSM-5 in terms of degree of deoxygenation and upgraded bio-oil yield. These findings might open an opportunity for development of a novel cheap but effective catalyst for a key step in the process chain from biomass to renewable liquid fuels.

关键词： Bimetallic Catalysts Hydrodeoxygenation Phenol Bio-Oil Ni-Co Alloy

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颐养天年瑞典Aspvik住宅

室内设计与装修 2015年第10期 104-108页

作者： andreas martin-L?f Edgar Mann Lotta Agaton coco

这座位于斯德哥尔摩群岛中Varmdo岛上的小住宅是建筑师andreas martin—Lof退休后的新住所，为颐养天年所用。小屋坐落在山边斜坡上，能够鸟瞰斯德哥尔摩群岛。原建筑建造于1917年，在1960年的时候加盖了一层，以增加建筑的持久性。上... 详细信息

这座位于斯德哥尔摩群岛中Varmdo岛上的小住宅是建筑师andreas martin—Lof退休后的新住所，为颐养天年所用。小屋坐落在山边斜坡上，能够鸟瞰斯德哥尔摩群岛。原建筑建造于1917年，在1960年的时候加盖了一层，以增加建筑的持久性。上个世纪50年代早期，这个建筑开始被当做住宅使用。建筑本身很有特点，它的设计风格受到中国传统建筑中望楼的影响，孤独而又高傲地伫立在山坡上。

关键词：小住宅斯德哥尔摩瑞典中国传统建筑建筑师设计风格持久性群岛

Laser-Welded Steel Foils with Sapphire Substrates

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2016年第7期29卷 683-688页

作者： Araceli de Pablos-martin Christian Grosse andreas Cismak Thomas Hoche Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS Walter-Htilse-Strage 1 06120 HalleGermany

A nanosecond pulsed laser was used to weld stainless steel foils of 10 ~tm thickness to the sapphire substrates. The microstructure of the bonded interface was studied. Both materials were partially ablated under the influence of the laser beam. An inhomogeneous distribution of the steel and sapphire along the bonded interface is observed. The electrical resistance of the steel foil was measured before and after laser welding, showing that the weld slightly increases the electrical resistance but still keeps the values acceptable for electrical contacts.

关键词： Laser welding Stainless steel Sapphire Electrical resistance

Black Silicon nanostructures on silicon thin films prepared by reactive ion etching

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Chinese Optics Letters 2013年第13期11卷 127-129页

作者： martin Steglich Thomas Kasebier Ingmar Hoger Kevin Fuchsel andreas Tiinnermann Ernst-Bernhard Kley Institute of Applied Physics A bbe Center of Photonics Friedrich Schiller University Jena Albert-Einstein-Str. 15 07745 Jena Germany Institute of Photonic Technology Albert-Einstein-Str. 9 07745 Jena Germany

In this letter, the application of dry etching to thin films on glass is described. The utilized （ICP-RIE） of SF6 and 02 is discussed and a demonstrated. prepare Black Silicon nanostructures on crystalline silicon reactive ion etching with an inductively coupled plasma remarkable increase in light absorption of about 70% is demonstrated.

关键词： Reactive ion etching

FORSAT:a 3D forest monitoring system for cover mapping and volumetric 3D change detection

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第8期13卷 854-885页

作者： Efstratios Stylianidis Devrim Akca Daniela Poli martin Hofer Armin Gruen Victor Sanchez martin Konstantinos Smagas andreas Walli Orhan Altan Elisa Jimeno Alejandro Garcia School of Spatial Planning and Development Aristotle University of ThessalonikiThessalonikiGreece Department of Civil Engineering Isik UniversitySileIstanbulTurkey DiXplorer AG ZurichSwitzerland GeoVille Information Systems GmbH InnsbruckAustria Chair of Information Architecture ETH ZurichSwitzerland Ingeniería Y Soluciones Informáticas S.L. SevillaSpain GeoImaging Ltd NicosiaCyprus Ekinoks Surveying Software Engineering Ltd IstanbulTurkey

A 3D forest monitoring system,called FORSAT(a satellite very high resolution image processing platform for forest assessment),was developed for the extraction of 3D geometric forest information from very high resolution(VHR)satellite imagery and the automatic 3D change *** is composed of two complementary tasks:(1)the geometric and radiometric processing of satellite optical imagery and digital surface model(DSM)reconstruction by using a precise and robust image matching approach specially designed for VHR satellite imagery,(2)3D surface comparison for change *** allows the users to import DSMs,align them using an advanced 3D surface matching approach and calculate the 3D differences and volume changes(together with precision values)between *** is a single source and flexible forest information solution,allowing expert and non-expert remote sensing users to monitor forests in three and four(time)*** geometric resolution and thematic content of VHR optical imagery are sufficient for many forest information needs such as deforestation,clear-cut and fire severity *** capacity and benefits of FORSAT,as a forest information system contributing to the sustainable forest management,have been tested and validated in case studies located in Austria,Switzerland and Spain.

关键词： Deforestation 3D VHR satellite imagery orientation image matching DSM generation co-registration volumetric change detection volume precision

Double-balloon-enteroscopy-based endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in post-surgical patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第18期17卷 2302-2314页

作者： martin Raithel Harald Dormann andreas Naegel Frank Boxberger Eckhart G Hahn Markus F Neurath Juergen Maiss Department of Medicine 1 University of Erlangen-Nürnberg Emergency Unit City Hospital Fürth Dean of the University Witten-Herdecke

AIM: To evaluate double balloon enteroscopy (DBE) in post-surgical patients to perform endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and interventions. METHODS: In 37 post-surgical patients, a stepwise approach was performed to reach normal papilla or enteral anastomoses of the biliary tract/pancreas. When conventional endoscopy failed, DBE-based ERCP was performed and standard parameters for DBE, ERCP and interventions were recorded. RESULTS: Push-enteroscopy (overall, 16 procedures) reached enteral anastomoses only in six out of 37 post-surgical patients (16.2%). DBE achieved a high rate of luminal access to the biliary tract in 23 of the remaining 31 patients (74.1%) and to the pancreatic duct (three patients). Among all DBE-based ERCPs (86 procedures), 21/23 patients (91.3%) were successfully treated. Interventions included ostium incision or papillotomy in 6/23 (26%) and 7/23 patients (30.4%), respectively. Biliary endoprosthesis insertion and regular exchange was achieved in 17/23 (73.9%) and 7/23 patients (30.4%), respectively. Furthermore, bile duct stone extraction as well as ostium and papillary dilation were performed in 5/23 (21.7%) and 3/23 patients (13.0%), respectively. Complications during DBE-based procedures were bleeding (1.1%), perforation (2.3%) and pancreatitis (2.3%), and minor complications occurred in up to 19.1%. CONCLUSION: The appropriate use of DBE yields a high rate of luminal access to papilla or enteral anastomoses in more than two-thirds of post-surgical patients, allowing important successful endoscopic therapeutic interventions.

关键词： Double balloon enteroscopy Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Choledochojejunostomy Hepaticojejunostomy Pancreaticojejunostomy Percutaneous cholangiodrainage