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Chronic effects of stretching on range of motion with consideration of potential moderating variables:A systematic review with meta-analysis

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 186-194页

作者： andreas Konrad Shahab Alizadeh Abdolhamid Daneshjoo Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar Andrew Graham Ali Zahiri Reza Goudini Chris Edwards Carina Scharf David George Behm Institute of Human Movement Science Sport and HealthGraz UniversityGraz A-8010Austria School of Human Kinetics and Recreation Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sNL A1C 5S7Canada Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises Faculty of Sport SciencesShahid Bahonar University of KermanKerman 76169-13439Iran

Background:It is well known that stretch training can induce prolonged increases in joint range of motion(ROM).However,to date more information is needed regarding which training variables might have greater influence on improvements in ***,the purpose of this metaanalysis was to investigate the effects of stretch training on ROM in healthy participants by considering potential moderating variables,such as stretching technique,intensity,duration,frequency,and muscles stretched,as well as sex-specific,age-specific,and/or trained state-specific adaptations to stretch ***:We searched through PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,and SportDiscus to find eligible studies and,finally,assessed the results from 77 studies and 186 effect sizes by applying a random-effect ***,by applying a mixed-effect model,we performed the respective subgroup *** find potential relationships between stretch duration or age and effect sizes,we performed a ***:We found a significant overall effect,indicating that stretch training can increase ROM with a moderate effect compared to the controls(effect size=-1.002;Z=-12.074;95%confidence interval:-1.165 to-0.840;perence between the stretching techniques(p=0.01)indicating that proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and static stretching produced greater ROM than did ballistic/dynamic ***,there was a significant effect between the sexes(p=0.04),indicating that females showed higher gains in ROM compared to ***,further moderating analysis showed no significant relation or ***:When the goal is to maximize ROM in the long term,proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation or static stretching,rather than ballistic/dynamic stretching,should be *** to consider in future research as well as sports practice is that neither volume,intensity,nor frequency of stretching were

关键词： Flexibility Long-term stretching Stretch training

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Dynamic multimedia stream adaptation and rate control for heterogeneous networks

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journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2006年第z1期7卷 63-69页

作者： SZWABE Andrzej SCHORR andreas HAUCK Franz j. KASSLer andreas j. Poznan University of Technology Poznan 60-965 Poland University of Ulm Ulm 89069 Germany University of Karlstad Karlstad SE-65188 Sweden

Dynamic adaptation of multimedia content is seen as an important feature of next generation networks and pervasive systems enabling terminals and applications to adapt to changes in e.g. context, access network, and available Quality-of-Service(QoS) due to mobility of users, devices or sessions. We present the architecture of a multimedia stream adaptation service which enables communication between terminals having heterogeneous hardware and software capabilities and served by heterogeneous networks. The service runs on special content adaptation nodes which can be placed at any location within the network. The flexible structure of our architecture allows using a variety of different adaptation engines. A generic transcoding engine is used to change the codec of streams. An MPEG-21 Digital Item Adaptation (DIA) based transformation engine allows adjusting the data rate of scalable media streams. An intelligent decision-taking engine implements adaptive flow control which takes into account current network QoS parameters and congestion information. Measurements demonstrate the quality gains achieved through adaptive congestion control mechanisms under conditions typical for a heterogeneous network.

关键词： Stream adaptation, Quality-of-Service (QoS), Heterogeneous networks, Rate control, MPEG-21 DIA

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Tailored surface textures to increase friction-A review

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Friction 2022年第9期10卷 1285-1304页

作者： Henara L.COSTA jörg SCHILLE andreas ROSENKRANZ School of Engineering Surface Engineering GroupUniversidade Federal do Rio GrandeRio Grande 96203900Brazil University of Applied Sciences Mittweida Laserinstitut Hochschule Mittweida 09648Germany Department of Chemical Engineering Biotechnology and MaterialsUniversity of ChileSantiago 8370459Chile

Surface textures with micro-scale feature dimensions still hold great potential to enhance the frictional performance of tribological *** from the ability of surface texturing to reduce friction,surface textures can also be used to intentionally increase friction in various applications that rely on friction for their adequate ***,this review aims at presenting the state-of-the-art regarding textured surfaces for high-friction *** a brief general introduction,the recent trends and future paths in laser surface texturing are ***,the potential of surface textures to increase friction in different applications including adhesion,movement transmission and control,biomimetic applications,and road-tire contacts is critically *** emphasis in this section is laid on the involved mechanisms responsible for friction ***,current short-comings and future research directions are pointed out thus emphasizing the great potential of(laser-based)surface texturing methods for innovations in modern surface engineering.

关键词： surface texturing tribology laser processing friction increase

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A BIE-BASED DtN-FEM FOR FLUID-SOLID INTerACTION PROBLEMS

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journal of Computational Mathematics 2018年第1期36卷 47-69页

作者： Tao Yin andreas Rathsfeld j Liwei Xu College of Mathematics and Statistics Chongqing University Chongqing 401331 China Weierstrass Institute Mohrenstr. 39 10117 Berlin Germany

In this paper, we are concerned with the coupling of finite element methods and bound- ary integral equation methods solving the classical fluid-solid interaction problem in two dimensions. The original transmission problem is reduced to an equivalent nonlocal bound- ary value problem via introducing a Dirichlet-to-Neumann mapping by the direct boundary integral equation method. We show the existence and uniqueness of the solution for the corresponding variational equation. Numerical results based on the finite element method coupled with the standard Galerkin boundary element method, the fast multipole method and the NystrSm method for approximating the DtN mapping are provided to illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the numerical schemes.

关键词： Fluid-solid interaction problem Dirichlet-to-Neumann mapping Finite element method Fast multipole method NystrSm method.

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Galerkin Formulations of the Method of Fundamental Solutions

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2013年第4期5卷 423-441页

作者： j.R.Berger andreas Karageorghis Department of Mechanical Engineering Colorado School of MinesGoldenCO 80401USA Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of CyprusP.O.Box 205371678 NicosiaCyprus

In this paper,we introduce two Galerkin formulations of theMethod of Fundamental Solutions(MFS).In contrast to the collocation formulation of the MFS,the proposed Galerkin formulations involve the evaluation of integrals over the boundary of the domain under *** the other hand,these formulations lead to some desirable properties of the stiffness matrix such as symmetry in certain *** numerical examples are considered by these methods and their various features compared.

关键词： Galerkin formulation Laplace equation method of fundamental solutions

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Comparison of smoothness-constrained and geostatistically based cross-borehole electrical resistivity tomography for characterization of solute tracer plumes

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Water Science and Engineering 2016年第4期9卷 274-286页

作者： andreas Englert andreas Kemna jun-feng Zhu jan Vanderborght Harry Vereecken Tian-Chyi j.Yeh Institute of Geology Mineralogy and GeophysicsRuhr University Bochum Department of Geophysics Steinmann InstituteUniversity of Bonn Kentucky Geological Survey University of Kentucky Agrosphere Institute for Bio- and Geosciences(IBG-3)Forschungszentrum Jlich GmbH Department of Resources Engineering National Cheng Kung University Department of Hydrology and Water Resources The University of Arizona

Experiments using electrical resistivity tomography(erT) have shown promising results in reducing the uncertainty of solute plume characteristics related to estimates based on the analysis of local point measurements *** explore the similarities and differences between two cross-borehole erT inversion approaches for characterizing salt tracer plumes,namely the classical smoothness-constrained inversion and a geostatistically based approach,we performed two-dimensional synthetic *** assumptions about the solute transport model and the electrical forward and inverse model allowed us to study the sensitivity of the erT inversion approaches towards a variety of basic conditions,including the number of boreholes,measurement schemes,contrast between the plume and background electrical conductivity,use of a priori knowledge,and point *** results show that geostatistically based and smoothness-constrained inversions of electrical resistance data yield plume characteristics of similar quality,which can be further improved when point measurements are incorporated and advantageous measurement schemes are *** expected,an increased number of boreholes included in the erT measurement layout can highly improve the quality of inferred plume characteristics,while in this case the benefits of point conditioning and advantageous measurement schemes *** erT inversion approaches are similarly sensitive to the noise level of the data and the contrast between the solute plume and background electrical conductivity,and robust with regard to biased input parameters,such as mean concentration,variance,and correlation length of the *** sophisticated inversion schemes have recently become available,in which flow and transport as well as electrical forward models are coupled,these schemes effectively rely on a relatively simple geometrical parameterization of the hydrogeological ***,we believe that standard uncoupled er

关键词： Electrical resistivity tomography Inversion technique Solute tracer plume Synthetic experiment Plume characteristics

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Source-specific risk assessment for cadmium in wheat and maize:Towards an enrichment model for China

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 723-734页

作者： Zhong Zhuang Qiqi Wang Siyu Huang Andrea Giovanna NinoSavala Yanan Wan Huafen Li andreas H.Schweiger andreas Fangmeier jürgen Franzaring Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001China Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology University of Hohenheim70599 StuttgartGermany

Cadmium (Cd) pollution of agricultural soil is of public concern due to its high potential toxicity and *** study aimed to reveal the risk of Cd accumulation in soil and wheat/maize systems,with a specific focus on the source-specific ecological risk,human health risk and Cd enrichment *** this we investigated more than 6100 paired soil and grain samples with 216 datasets including soil Cd contents,soil pH and grain Cd contents of 85 sites from *** results showed that mining activities,sewage irrigation,industrial activities and agricultural practices were the critical factors causing Cd accumulation in wheat and maize cultivated ***,mining activities contributed to a higher Cd accumulation risk in the southwest China and Middle Yellow River regions;sewage irrigation influenced the Cd accumulation in the North China *** addition,the investigated sites were classified into different categories by comparing their soil and grain Cd contents with the Chinese soil screening values and food safety values,*** enrichment models were developed to predict the Cd levels in wheat and maize *** results showed that the models exhibited a good performance for predicting the grain Cd contents among safe and warning sites of wheat (R2=0.61 and 0.72,respectively);while the well-fitted model for maize was prone to the overestimated sites (R2=0.77).This study will provide national viewpoints for the risk assessments and prediction of Cd accumulation in soil and wheat/maize systems.

关键词： Ecological risk Enrichment models Cadmium Health risk assessment Pollution sources

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Recent result from the A2 real photon facility at MAMI

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Chinese Physics C 2009年第12期33卷 1120-1126页

作者： andreas Thomas Institut fr Kernphysik University Mainz J.-J. Becherweg 45 D-55099 Mainz Germany

The upgraded MAMI C accelerator is delivering electrons with an energy of 1558 MeV routinely. The A2 collaboration is doing experiments with energy marked polarised real photons produced via ＂Bremsstrahlung＂. Recent results from the GDH-experiment using a longitudinal polarised frozen spin target in combination with the DAPHNE detector and from the Crystal Ball experiment at MAMI are presented.

关键词： photonuclear reactions polarization phenomena in reactions polarized and other targets leptoninduced reactions

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The carbon fluxes in different successional stages:modelling the dynamics of tropical montane forests in South Ecuador

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Forest Ecosystems 2017年第2期4卷 143-153页

作者： sebastian paulick claudia dislich jürgen homeier rico fischer andreas huth Department of Ecological Modelling Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZPermoserstr1504318 LeipzigGermany Georg-August-University Gottingen Plant EcologyUntere KarspOle 237073 GottingenGermany University of Osnabriick Institute of Environmental Systems ResearchBarbarastr1249076 OsnabruckGermany iDiv German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-LeipzigDeutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany

Background： Tropical forests play an important role in the global carbon（C） ***, tropical montane forests have been studied less than tropical lowland forests, and their role in carbon storage is not well *** forests are highly endangered due to logging, land-use and climate *** objective was to analyse how the carbon balance changes during forest ***： In this study, we used a method to estimate local carbon balances that combined forest inventory data with process-based forest *** utilised such a forest model to study the carbon balance of a tropical montane forest in South Ecuador, comparing two topographical slope positions（ravines and lower slopes vs upper slopes and ridges）.Results： The simulation results showed that the forest acts as a carbon sink with a maximum net ecosystem exchange（NEE） of 9.3 Mg C？（ha？yr）-1during its early successional stage（0–100 years）.In the late successional stage, the simulated NEE fluctuated around zero and had a variation of 0.77 Mg C？（ha？yr）–*** simulated variability of the NEE was within the range of the field *** discovered several forest attributes（e.g., basal area or the relative amount of pioneer trees） that can serve as predictors for NEE for young forest stands（0–100 years） but not for those in the late successional stage（500–1,000 years）.In case of young forest stands these correlations are high, especially between stand basal area and ***： In this study, we used an Ecuadorian study site as an example of how to successfully link a forest model with forest inventory data, for estimating stem-diameter distributions, biomass and aboveground net primary *** conclude, this study shows that process-based forest models can be used to investigate the carbon balance of tropical montane *** this model it is possible to find hidden relationships between forest attributes and forest carbon *** relationships promote a better understandin

关键词： Forest model Tropical montane forest Forest succession Carbon balance Forest productivity FORMIND

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Achieving single-lobed far-field patterns of broad area laser diode with external cavity feedback

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Chinese Optics Letters 2003年第6期1卷 334-336页

作者：葛剑虹陈军 andreas Hermerschmidt H.j.Eichler The State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 Optisches Institut Technische Univeisitat Berlin StraBe des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany

We demonstrate a technique for single transverse mode operation of high-power broad area laser diode (BAL). In the experiment, the HR mirror is used as an external cavity mirror and the grating is used as a wavelength selective component. By tiling the HR mirror and the grating, the number of transverse modes oscillating in the cavity can be limited and the spectral bandwidth of the laser diode can be reduced. A single-lobed near diffraction-limited laser beam with the beam divergence (FWHM) of 0.43°, the spectral line-width of 0.7 nm and the output power of 350 mW are obtained. With the feedback, the power density of the output laser beam is increased 6 times in comparison with the free running.

关键词： Cavity resonators Diffraction gratings High power lasers Mirrors

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