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风洞条件下植保无人机喷雾单元雾滴飘移特性试验

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农业工程技术 2020年第33期40卷 85-85页

作者：王昌陵曾爱军何雄奎宋坚利 andreas herbst 高万林中国农业大学药械与施药技术研究中心中国农业大学信息与电气工程学院中国农业大学理学院

2010年以来,植保无人机（Unmanned Aerial Vehicle,UAV）低空低量施药技术在中国农作物病虫害防治作业中的应用越来越广泛,但是相比传统地面机具,植保无人机飞行高度更高且雾滴更细,因而喷雾飘移风险也更高。植保无人机喷雾飘移研究近... 详细信息

2010年以来,植保无人机（Unmanned Aerial Vehicle,UAV）低空低量施药技术在中国农作物病虫害防治作业中的应用越来越广泛,但是相比传统地面机具,植保无人机飞行高度更高且雾滴更细,因而喷雾飘移风险也更高。植保无人机喷雾飘移研究近年来已成为施药器械与技术研究领域中的新热点,此前大多数研究中均采用田间直接测量方法进行飘移研究,然而田间气象条件非常不稳定且不可控,循环风洞的温湿度和风速均可调可控,植保无人机在风洞条件下实际飞行状态的喷雾飘移特性研究尚未见报道。因此,为探究不同因素对植保无人机农药喷施雾滴飘移特性的影响,该研究中首次将四旋翼植保无人机喷雾单元安装在循环风洞中,以风洞气流作为飞行状态下相对运动的空气模拟飞行状态并收集空中和地面飘移雾滴,进行了25组风洞飘移测试和10组雾滴粒径谱测试。通过计算不同处理组的竖直和水平方向喷雾飘移潜力（DP）和减飘率（DPRP）,评估喷头类型和型号（平面扇形、空心圆锥和空气射流喷头）、飞行速度、助剂种类（DRS-60、Y-20079、MF、G-611）以及气象条件（20°C&40%、20°C&80%、30°C&40%、30°C&60%）对喷雾飘移特性的影响。试验结果表明:喷头类型和型号均通过改变雾滴粒径和细雾滴比例来对喷雾飘移潜力产生影响,通过线性回归分析分别建立了竖直/水平减飘率（DPRPV/DPRPH）与雾滴体积中径（DV50）、小于75μm雾滴比例（V75）的关系模型（R;=0.934/0.925）;飞行速度同样对喷雾飘移特性有显著影响,降低飞行速度可以有效减少喷雾飘移潜力;在试验气象条件下添加助剂可以影响喷雾飘移潜力,4种不同助剂防飘性能从强到弱排序为:DRS-60、MF、Y-20079、G-611。根据试验结果,该文提出了相关降低植保无人机作业喷雾飘移的建议,研究结论可为植保无人机喷施农药雾滴飘移潜力风洞测试和田间作业规范制定提供指导和技术支撑。

关键词：植保无人机风洞喷雾飘移潜力喷头助剂

Development of a Web-Based GIS of Flood Zones in the Municipality of Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2024年第1期16卷 32-43页

作者： Halidou Kafando Blaise Ouedraogo Vincent Nduka Ojeh andreas Rienow Aliou Gadiaga Ibrahim Elh Maman Garba WASCAL Graduate Research Programme on Climate Change and Education Department of Agriculture and Environment Science University of The Gambia Kanifing The Gambia Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Geography Faculty of Social Sciences Taraba State University Jalingo Nigeria Interdisciplinary Geographic Information Science Institute of Geography Ruhr-University Bochum Bochum Germany WASCAL Graduate Research Programme on Climate Change and Human Habitat University of Mina Mina Nigeria

This document describes the creation of an informative Web GIS aimed at mitigating the impacts of flooding in the municipality of Ouagadougou, in Burkina Faso, a region that is highly sensitive to climate change. Burkina Faso, which is undergoing rapid urbanization, faces major natural threats, particularly flooding, as demonstrated by the severe floods of 2009 that caused loss of life, injury, structural damage and economic losses in Ouagadougou. The aim of this research is to develop a web map highlighting the municipality’s flood-prone areas, with a view to informing and raising awareness of flood risk reduction. Using the Leaflet JavaScript mapping library, the study uses HTML, CSS and JavaScript to implement web mapping technology. Data on Ouagadougou’s flood zones is generated by a multi-criteria analysis combining Saaty’s AHP method and GIS in QGIS, integrating seven (7) parameters including hydrography, altitude, slope, rainfall, soil types, land use and soil moisture index. QGIS processes and maps the themes, PostgreSQL with PostGIS serves as the DBMS and GeoServer functions as the map server. The Web GIS platform allows users to visualize the different flood risks, from very low to very high, or the high-risk areas specific to Ouagadougou. The AHP calculations classify the municipality into five flood vulnerability zones: very low (24.48%), low (27.93%), medium (23.01%), high (17.11%) and very high (7.47%). Effective risk management requires communication and awareness-raising. This online mapping application serves as a tool for communication, management and flood prevention in Ouagadougou, helping to mitigate flood-related natural disasters.

关键词： Web GIS Flood Mapping Leaflet JavaScript Mapping Library Analysis Hierarchical Processes (AHP) Climate Change Adaptation Ouagadougou Municipality

Occupational physical activity, all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer mortality in 349,248 adults: Prospective and longitudinal analyses of the MJ Cohort

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 579-589页

作者： Emmanuel Stamatakis Matthew N.Ahmadi Tiana-Lee Elphick Bo-Huei Huang Susan Paudel Armando Teixeira-Pinto Li-Jung Chen Borja del Pozo Cruz Yun-Ju Lai andreas Holtermann Po-Wen Ku Sydney School of Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine and HealthCharles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Sydney School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Department of Exercise Health Science “National”Taiwan University of SportTaichung 40404China Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics University of Southern DenmarkOdense 5230Denmark Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Internal MedicinePuli Branch of Taichung Veterans General HospitalNantou 54552China National Research Centre for the Working Environment Copenhagen 2100Denmark Graduate Institute of Sports and Health Management “National”Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 40227China

Background:Evidence on the health benefits of occupational physical activity(OPA)is *** examined the associations of baseline OPA and OPA changes with all-cause,cardiovascular disease(CVD),and cancer mortality and survival ***:This study included prospective and longitudinal data from the MJ Cohort,comprising adults over 18 years recruited in 1998-2016,349,248 adults(177,314 women)with baseline OPA,of whom 105,715(52,503 women)had 2 OPA measures at 6.3±4.2 years(mean±SD)*** were baseline OPA,OPA changes,and baseline leisure-time physical ***:Over a mean mortality follow-up of 16.2±5.5 years for men and 16.4±5.4 years for women,11,696 deaths(2033 of CVD and 4631 of cancer causes)in men and 8980 deaths(1475 of CVD and 3689 of cancer causes)in women *** moderately heavy/heavy baseline OPA was beneficially associated with all-cause mortality in men(multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio(HR)=0.93,95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.89-0.98 compared to light OPA)and women(HR=0.86,95%CI:0.79-0.93).Over a mean mortality follow-up of 12.5±4.6 years for men and 12.6±4.6 years for women,OPA decreases in men were detrimentally associated(HR=1.16,95%CI:1.01-1.33)with all-cause mortality,while OPA increases in women were beneficially(HR=0.83,95%CI:0.70-0.97)associated with the same *** or changes in OPA showed no associations with CVD or cancer ***:Higher baseline OPA was beneficially associated with all-cause mortality risk in both men and *** longitudinal OPA analyses partly confirmed the prospective findings,with some discordance between sex groups.

关键词： Cancer Cardiovascular disease Epidemiology Mortality

Manipulating the Gut Microbiome to Alleviate Steatotic Liver Disease:Current Progress and Challenges

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Engineering 2024年第9期40卷 51-60页

作者： Ernesto Saenz Nathally Espinosa Montagut Baohong Wang Christoph Stein-Thöringer Kaicen Wang Honglei Weng Matthias Ebert Kai Markus Schneider Lanjuan Li andreas Teufel Division of Hepatology Division of Clinical BioinformaticsDepartment of Medicine IIMedical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheim 68167Germany Clinical Cooperation Unit Healthy Metabolism Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital HealthMedical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheim 68167Germany School of Medicine Universidad de Los AndesBogotá111711Colombia State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China Internal MedicineⅠ University Clinic Tuebingen&CoE CMFI(Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections)Tuebingen 72074Germany Department of MedicineⅡ Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheim 68167Germany DKFZ Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim 69120Germany Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit European Molecular Biology LaboratoryHeidelberg 69117Germany Department of MedicineⅢ University Hospital RWTH AachenAachen 52074Germany

The prevalence of metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is alarmingly high;it is estimated to affect up to a quarter of the global population,making it the most common liver disorder *** is characterized by excessive hepatic fat accumulation and is commonly associated with comorbidities such as obesity,dyslipidemia,and insulin resistance;however,it can also manifest in lean ***,it is crucial to develop effective therapies for this complex ***,there are no approved medications for MASLD treatment,so there is a pressing need to investigate alternative *** research has characterized MASLD as a multifaceted disease,frequently linked to metabolic disorders that stem from dietary *** suggests that changes in the gut microbiome play a fundamental role in the development and progression of MASLD from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis and even hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).In this review,we critically examine the literature on the emerging field of gut-microbiota-based therapies for MASLD and metabolicdysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH),including interventions such as fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT),probiotics,prebiotics,short-chain fatty acids,antibiotics,metabolic pathway targeting,and immune checkpoint kinase blockade.

关键词： Microbiome Fecal microbiota transplantation Metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Fatty liver

Effects of combined aerobic,resistance and inspiratory training in patients with pulmonary hypertension:A systematic review

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2024年第2期13卷 168-179页

作者： Christos Kourek Antonia Zachariou Eleftherios Karatzanos Michalis Antonopoulos Theodora Soulele andreas Karabinis Serafim Nanas Stavros Dimopoulos Department of Clinical Ergospirometry Exercise and Rehabilitation Laboratory1^(st)Department of Critical Care MedicineEvangelismos HospitalNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 10676Greece Department of Cardiology 417 Army Share Fund Hospital of AthensAthens 11521Greece Cardiac Surgery ICU Onassis Cardiac Surgery centerAthens 17674AtticaGreece Cardiac Surgery ICU Onassis Cardiac Surgery CenterAthens 17674Greece Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Unit Onassis Cardiac Surgery CenterAthens 17674Greece Department of Clinical Ergospirometry Exercise and Rehabilitation LaboratoryNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 10676Greece

BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension(PH)is a serious progressive disorder of the modern world,characterized by endothelial dysfunction and impaired *** with PH usually present exercise intolerance from the very early stages and reduced exercise *** training has been shown to have beneficial effects in patients with cardiovascular ***,data regarding the effects of combined exercise training programs in patients with PH still remains *** To investigate the effects of combined exercise training programs on exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with *** Our search included all available randomized controlled trials(RCTs)regarding combined aerobic,resistance and inspiratory training programs in patients with PH in 4 databases(Pubmed,PEDro,Embase,CINAHL)from 2012 to *** RCTs were included in the final *** capacity,assessed by peak VO_(2)or 6-min walking test(6MWT),as well as quality of life,assessed by the SF-36 questionnaire,were set as the primary outcomes in our *** Peak VO_(2)was measured in 4 out of the 5 RCTs while 6MWT was measured in all *** indices of functional capacity were significantly increased in patients with PH who underwent combined exercise training compared to the controls in all of the included RCTs(P<0.05).Quality of life was measured in 4 out of 5 *** patients improved their quality of life in each group,however,only 2 RCTs demonstrated further improvement in patients performing combined training compared to *** By this systematic review,we have demonstrated that combined aerobic,resistance and inspiratory exercise training is safe and has beneficial effects on aerobic capacity and quality of life in patients with *** exercise training regimen may be part of the therapeutic strategy of the syndrome.

关键词： Pulmonary hypertension Exercise training Peak VO2 Functional capacity Quality of life

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基于GQFD的手持工具人机工程设计研究

湖北工业大学学报 2024年第3期39卷 86-92页

作者：程文婷李慧 andreas Papenfuss 湖北工业大学工业设计学院湖北武汉430068 Atelier Papenfuss设计公司魏玛99423

为优化手持工具的用户使用体验,提出一种将基于灰色关联分析的质量功能展开(GQFD)与人机工程相结合的设计方法,并将其应用于手持工具的产品研发中。首先采用非参与式观察法观察用户行为并获取用户需求,并依据手持工具的人机工程设计原... 详细信息

为优化手持工具的用户使用体验,提出一种将基于灰色关联分析的质量功能展开(GQFD)与人机工程相结合的设计方法,并将其应用于手持工具的产品研发中。首先采用非参与式观察法观察用户行为并获取用户需求,并依据手持工具的人机工程设计原则将用户需求转化为对应的设计要素;再运用GQFD构建设计质量屋,对用户需求与设计要素的相关关系度进行量化评价,分析设计要素重要度,从而明确重点设计目标;最后根据人机工程学的原理和方法,对重点设计目标进行分析设计,得到最终的设计方案。将该方法应用于德国Prym公司的手工钳改良设计项目,设计结果不仅满足了用户使用需求,而且提升了用户体验,为手持工具类产品的创新设计提供一种新的研究思路。

关键词：手持工具质量功能展开人机工程灰色关联分析用户需求

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管道清洁机器人的创新应用

现代制造 2024年第1期 27-29页

作者： andreas Seegen Ellen-Christine Rei 不详

地下排水管道需要定期的维护保养,而且最好是在不挖开地面的情况下进行维护保养。为此,Pipetronics公司开发了一种可对地下管道进行维护保养的机器人。这款机器人由Faulhaber公司研发生产的无刷直流电机来驱动机器人车轮运转,驱动机器... 详细信息

地下排水管道需要定期的维护保养,而且最好是在不挖开地面的情况下进行维护保养。为此,Pipetronics公司开发了一种可对地下管道进行维护保养的机器人。这款机器人由Faulhaber公司研发生产的无刷直流电机来驱动机器人车轮运转,驱动机器人的清洁工具完成地下管道的清洁。

关键词：机器人地下管道维护保养 Pipe 无刷直流电机创新应用清洁工具

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精英足球运动员教育、训练与人才培养路径

体育科研 2024年第3期45卷 11-19页

作者： andreas Hohmann Dirk Mack Maximilian Siener 张辉德国拜罗伊特大学拜罗伊特体育科学中心拜罗伊特95448 德国TSG霍芬海姆俱乐部(德甲)青年足球部辛斯海姆74889 浙江大学教育学院体育学系浙江杭州310058

儿童和青少年时期系统的足球训练,可以促进年轻足球运动员专项技能和专项体能的发展。旨在结合最新的研究成果、科学知识和应用实践,区分5岁到成年足球运动员的训练目标和方法,审视足球长期教育过程是否符合现代足球训练、运动表现和比... 详细信息

儿童和青少年时期系统的足球训练,可以促进年轻足球运动员专项技能和专项体能的发展。旨在结合最新的研究成果、科学知识和应用实践,区分5岁到成年足球运动员的训练目标和方法,审视足球长期教育过程是否符合现代足球训练、运动表现和比赛的要求。强调各个年龄组足球运动员应有特定的足球教育理念、训练目标和方法,这对青春期(U15和U17)及青春期后(U19和U21)的足球运动员尤其重要,因为他们必须准备并确保顺利过渡到精英足球运动员水平。

关键词：足球运动员教育与训练特定年龄组的训练目标与方法运动表现分析比赛形式

超越PISA:大变局时代背景下教育高质量发展的再定义

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全球教育展望 2024年第4期53卷 3-5页

作者：安德烈亚斯·施莱歇尔经济合作与发展组织(OECD)教育与技能司

二十年来,国际学生评估项目(PISA)所开展的全球测评不仅成为衡量各个国家和经济体教育发展质量的风向标,亦成为推动全球教育改革的催化剂。PISA 2022是经济合作与发展组织(OECD)在新冠疫情期间开展的新一轮国际测评,相对于成绩并未有明... 详细信息

二十年来,国际学生评估项目(PISA)所开展的全球测评不仅成为衡量各个国家和经济体教育发展质量的风向标,亦成为推动全球教育改革的催化剂。PISA 2022是经济合作与发展组织(OECD)在新冠疫情期间开展的新一轮国际测评,相对于成绩并未有明显波动的历轮测评,本轮测评结果显示,全球整体遭遇前所未有的成绩下滑。这意味着全球教育改革前功尽弃?抑或全球教育发展隐忧悄然而至?本刊在第一时间组织“PISA 2022深度解读”专栏,基于PISA 2022的数据结果对教育系统的韧性、学习效率和教师支持三个关键议题进行深入研究,并邀请OECD教育与技能司司长、教育政策特别顾问安德烈亚斯·施莱歇尔(andreas Schleicher)作为专栏评论人发表见解,从而对大变局时代背景下教育高质量发展做出再定义。期待本期专栏能对我国教育系统正在推进的教育高质量发展和建设教育强国的新使命、新任务有所启示。

关键词： PISA 深度解读教育强国学习效率成绩下滑测评结果施莱歇尔大变局