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May ChatGPT be a tool producing medical information for common inflammatory bowel disease patients’questions?An evidencecontrolled analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第1期30卷 17-33页

作者： Antonietta Gerarda Gravina Raffaele Pellegrino Marina Cipullo Giovanna Palladino Giuseppe Imperio andrea Ventura Salvatore Auletta Paola Ciamarra Alessandro Federico Division of Hepatogastroenterology Department of Precision MedicineUniversity of Campania Luigi VanvitelliNaples 80138Italy

Artificial intelligence is increasingly entering everyday *** language model(LLM)systems such as Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer(ChatGPT)have become potentially accessible to everyone,including patients with inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD).However,significant ethical issues and pitfalls exist in innovative LLM *** hype generated by such systems may lead to unweighted patient trust in these ***,it is necessary to understand whether LLMs(trendy ones,such as ChatGPT)can produce plausible medical information(MI)for *** review examined ChatGPT’s potential to provide MI regarding questions commonly addressed by patients with IBD to their *** the review of the outputs provided by ChatGPT,this tool showed some attractive potential while having significant limitations in updating and detailing information and providing inaccurate information in some *** studies and refinement of the ChatGPT,possibly aligning the outputs with the leading medical evidence provided by reliable databases,are needed.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bowel disease Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer Large language model Artificial intelligence

Approaching the Sarcopenic Patient with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis-related Cirrhosis

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第3期12卷 278-286页

作者： Paolo Gallo Valentina Flagiello andrea Falcomatà Giulia Di Pasquale Giorgio D’Avanzo Francesca Terracciani Antonio Picardi Umberto Vespasiani-Gentilucci Operative Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Hepatology Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-MedicoVia Alvaro del PortilloRomaItaly Research Unit of Hepatology Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversitàCampus Bio-Medico di RomaVia Alvaro del PortilloRomaItaly

Sarcopenia is a well-known complication of chronic liver disease(CLD),and it is almost always observed in patients with cirrhosis,at least in those with decompensated *** nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),recently renamed metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD),is becoming the leading cause of end-stage liver disease,a new scenario characterized by the frequent coexistence of NAFLD,obesity,and sarcopenia is *** it is not yet resolved whether the bidirectional relationship between sarcopenia and NAFLD subtends causal determinants,it is clear that the interaction of these two conditions is associated with an increased risk of poor ***,during the course of CLD,deregulation of the liver-muscle-adipose tissue axis has been ***,owing to the lack of properly designed studies,specific therapeutic guidelines for patients with sarcopenia in the context of NAFLD-related CLD have not yet been *** aimed to induce the loss of fat mass together with the maintenance of lean body mass seem most *** can be achieved by properly designed diets integrated with specific nutritional supplementations and accompanied by adequate physical *** studies aiming to add to the knowledge of the correct assessment and approach to sarcopenia in the context of NAFLD-related CLD are eagerly awaited.

关键词： NAFLD MASLD Cirrhosis Sarcopenia Sarcopenic obesity

In-situ study of the microstructure evolution during tension of a Mg-Y-zn-Al alloy processed by rapidly solidified ribbon consolidation technique

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 2024-2040页

作者： Jeno Gubicza Kristián Máthis Péter Nagy Péter Jenei zoltán Hegedus andrea Farkas Jozef Vesely Shin-ichi Inoue Daria Drozdenko Yoshihito Kawamura Department of Materials Physics Faculty of ScienceEotvos Loránd UniversityPázmány P.sétány 1/ABudapest H-1117Hungary Department of Physics of Materials Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles UniversityKe Karlovu 512116 Praha 2Czech Republic Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestr.85Hamburg 22603Germany Magnesium Research Center Kumamoto University2-39-1 KurokamiChuo-kuKumamoto 860-8555Japan

Mg-Y-zn-Al alloys processed by rapidly solidified ribbon consolidation(RSRC)technique exhibit an exceptional mechanical performance indicating promising application *** material has a bimodal microstructure consisting of fine recrystallized and coarse non-recrystallized grains with solute-rich stacking faults forming cluster arranged layers(CALs)and nanoplates(CANaPs),or complete long period stacking ordered(LPSO)*** order to reveal the deformation mechanisms,in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction line profile analysis was employed for a detailed study of the dislocation arrangement created during tension in Mg-0.9%zn-2.05%Y-0.15%Al(at%)*** uncovering the effect of the initial microstructure on the mechanical performance,additional samples were obtained by annealing of the as-consolidated specimen at 300 and 400℃ for 2 *** heat treatment at 300℃ had no significant effect on the initial microstructure,its evolution during tension and,thus,the overall deformation behavior under tensile *** the other hand,annealing at 400℃ resulted in a significant increase of the recrystallized grains fraction and a decrease of the dislocation density,leading to only minor degradation of the mechanical *** maximum dislocation density at the failure of the samples corresponding to the plastic strain of 10-25% was estimated to be about 16-20×10^(14)m^(-2).The diffraction profile analysis indicated that most dislocations formed during tension were of non-basal and pyramidal types,what was also in agreement with the Schmid factor values revealed independently from orientation *** was also shown that the dislocation-induced Taylor hardening was much lower below the plastic strain of 3% than above this value,which was explained by a model of the interaction between prismatic dislocations and CANaPs/LPSO plates.

关键词： Mg-zn-Y-Al alloy Long period stacking ordered(LPSO)phase Cluster arranged nanoplates(CANaPs) Annealing Tension Dislocation density Hardening

Lateral femoral tunnel preparation and graft fixation for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction–A discussion

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第17期12卷 3277-3280页

作者： Mehak Chandanani andrea Volpin School of Medicine Medical Sciences and NutritionUniversity of AberdeenAberdeen AB252ZDUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics National Health Service GrampianElgin IV301SNUnited Kingdom

This article provides a discussion and commentary around the recent advances in arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction(ACLR),with a focus on the aspects of lateral femoral tunnel preparation and graft fixation *** paper explores and comments on a recently published review by Dai et al,titled"Research progress on preparation of lateral femoral tunnel and graft fixation in ACLR",while providing insight into its relevance within the field of ACLR,and recommendations for future research.

关键词： Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction Arthroscopic surgery Lateral femoral tunnel Graft fixation techniques Anterior cruciate ligament tear Biomechanics Knee injuries

The outcomes and safety of patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography combining a single-use cholangioscope and a single-use duodenoscope:A multicenter retrospective international study

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 71-76页

作者： Alessandro Fugazza Matteo Colombo Michel Kahaleh V.Raman Muthusamy Bick Benjamin Wim Laleman Carmelo Barbera Carlo Fabbri Jose Nieto Abed Al-Lehibi Mohan Ramchandani Amy Tyberg Haroon Shahid Avik Sarkar Dean Ehrlich Stuart Shermand Cecilia Binda Marco Spadaccini andrea Iannone Kareem Khalaf Nageshwar Reddy andrea Anderloni Alessandro Repici Division of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Humanitas Research Hospital-IRCCSVia Manzoni 5620089RozzanoMilanoItaly Gastroenterology Rutgers Robert Wood JohnsonNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases University of CaliforniaLos Angeles School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Division of Digestive and Liver Disorders Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospitals LeuvenKU Leuven3000 LeuvenBelgium U.O.C.di Gastroenterologia ed Endoscopia Digestiva Ospedale Giuseppe MazziniASL TeramoItaly Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit Forlì-Cesena HospitalsAUSL RomagnaForlì-CesenaItaly Borland Groover Clinic JacksonvilleFloridaUSA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology King Fahad Medical CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Asian Institute of Gastroenterology HyderabadIndia Section of Gastroenterology Department of Emergency and Organ TransplantationUniversity of BariBari 70124Italy Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityVia Rita Levi Montalcini 420090Pieve EmanueleMilanItaly

Background: Duodenoscope-related multidrug-resistant organism(MDRO) infections raise concerns. Disposable duodenoscopes have been recently introduced in the market and approved by regulatory agencies with the aim to reduce the risk of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) associated infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of procedures performed with single-use duodenoscopes in patients with clinical indications to single-operator cholangiopancreatoscopy. Methods: This is a multicenter international, retrospective study combining all patients who underwent complex biliopancreatic interventions using the combination of a single-use duodenoscope and a single-use cholangioscope. The primary outcome was technical success defined as ERCP completion for the intended clinical indication. Secondary outcomes were procedural duration, rate of cross-over to reusable duodenoscope, operator-reported satisfaction score(1 to 10) on performance rating of the single-use duodenoscope, and adverse event(AE) rate. Results: A total of 66 patients(26, 39.4% female) were included in the study. ERCP was categorized according to ASGE ERCP grading system as 47(71.2%) grade 3 and 19(28.8%) grade 4. The technical success rate was 98.5%(65/66). Procedural duration was 64(interquartile range 15-189) min, cross-over rate to reusable duodenoscope was 1/66(1.5%). The satisfaction score of the single-use duodenoscope classified by the operators was 8.6 ± 1.3 points. Four patients(6.1%) experienced AEs not directly related to the single-use duodenoscope, namely 2 post-ERCP pancreatitis(PEP), 1 cholangitis and 1 ***: Single-use duodenoscope is effective, reliable and safe even in technically challenging procedures with a non-inferiority to reusable duodenoscope, making these devices a viable alternative to standard reusable equipment.

关键词： Single-operator cholangioscopy Single-use duodenoscope Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Indeterminate biliary stricture Difficult biliary stones

Scalable orthogonal delay-division multiplexed OEO artificial neural network trained for TI-ADC equalization

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Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 85-105页

作者： andrea zAzzI ARKA DIPTA DAS LUKAS HüSSEN RENATO NEGRA JEREMY WITzENS Institute of Integrated Photonics RWTH Aachen University52074 AachenGermany Chair of High-Frequency Electronics RWTH Aachen University52074 AachenGermany

We propose a new signaling scheme for on-chip optical-electrical-optical artificial neural networks that utilizes orthogonal delay-division multiplexing and pilot-tone-based self-homodyne *** scheme offers a more efficient scaling of the optical power budget with increasing network *** simulations,based on220 nm silicon-on-insulator silicon photonics technology,suggest that the network can support 31×31 neurons,with 961 links and freely programmable weights,using a single 500 m W optical comb and a signal-to-noise ratio of 21.3 d B per ***,it features a low sensitivity to temperature fluctuations,ensuring that it can be operated outside of a laboratory *** demonstrate the network’s effectiveness in nonlinear equalization tasks by training it to equalize a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter(ADC)architecture,achieving an effective number of bits over 4 over the entire 75 GHz ADC *** anticipate that this network architecture will enable broadband and low latency nonlinear signal processing in practical settings such as ultra-broadband data converters and real-time control systems.

关键词： network delay artificial

Device-assisted enteroscopy: Are we ready to dismiss the spiral?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第26期30卷 3185-3192页

作者： Alessandro Mussetto Elettra Merola Cesare Casadei Daniele Salvi Fabiola Fornaroli Silvia Cocca Margherita Trebbi Armando Gabbrielli Cristiano Spada andrea Michielan Department of Gastroenterology S Maria della Croci HospRavenna 48121Italy Department of Gastroenterology Unit G.B.Grassi Hospital(ASL Roma 3)Roma 00122Italy Section of Digestive Endoscopy and Gastroenterology Fondazione PoliambulanzaBrescia 25124Italy Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Department of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of ParmaParma 43125Italy Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico di ModenaModena 41121Italy Center for Medical Sciences(CISMed) University of TrentoTrento 38122Italy Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit Santa Chiara HospitalAzienda Provinciale per i Servizi SanitariTrento 38122Italy Digestive Endoscopy Unit Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCSSRoma 00168Italy

Motorized spiral enteroscopy(MSE)is the latest advance in device-assisted *** events related to MSE were discussed in a recent large systematic review and meta-analysis and were directly compared with those of balloon enteroscopy in a case-matched study and a randomized controlled *** the real-life application of MSE,an unexpected safety issue emerged regarding esophageal injury and the technique has been withdrawn from the global market,despite encouraging results in terms of diagnostic and therapeutic *** conducted an Italian multicenter real-life prospective study,which was prematurely terminated after the withdrawal of MSE from the *** primary goals were the evaluation of MSE performance(both diagnostic and therapeutic)and its safety in routine endoscopic practice,particularly in the early phase of introduction in the endoscopic unit.A subanalysis,which involved patients who underwent MSE after unsuccessful balloon enteroscopy,demonstrated,for the first time,the promising performance of MSE as a rescue *** its remarkable performance in clinical practice and its potential role as a backup technique following a previously failed enteroscopy,it may be more appropriate to refine and enhance MSE in the future rather than completely abandoning it.

关键词： Motorized spiral enteroscopy Rescue enteroscopy Diagnostic yield Adverse events AGREE classification

Reduction Discoloration of Reactive Dyed Cotton Waste and Chemical Recycling via Ionic Liquid

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第9期12卷 1557-1571页

作者： Aline Ferreira Knihs Larissa Klen Aragão Miguel Angelo Granato andrea Cristiane Krause Bierhalz Rita de Cassia Siqueira Curto Valle Department of Textile Engineering Federal University of Santa CatarinaBlumenau89036-256Brazil

The textile industry generates large volumes of waste throughout its production *** of this waste is colored,therefore,discoloration is an important step toward recycling and reusing this *** study focused on the chemical reductive discoloration of textile waste composed of cotton dyed with reactive *** experimental design demonstrated the significant influence of the concentration of reducing agent and time of reaction on the degree of whiteness of the cotton *** concentration of the alkaline agent was not significant in the *** optimization of the reaction conditions lead to Berger degree of 50.5±*** discolored cotton was chemically recycled through dissolution in ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and regeneration in film form in *** microstructure of the regenerated cellulose films was evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM)indicating complete dissolution and uniform *** discoloration process reduced the polymerization degree and crystallinity index of the cotton fibers but retained the cellulose I *** dissolution and cellulose regeneration process results in transparent films with an amorphous *** thermal behavior,evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis,indicated that residues and regenerated film presented a main decomposition *** maximum decomposition rate temperature of the regenerated films was approximately 40℃lower than the cotton fibers,which correlates well with the reduction in polymerization degree and amorphous *** general,the study demonstrated that textile cotton waste dyed with reactive dyes can be chemically discolored to form transparent and amorphous films,contributing to the development of sustainable strategies for the textile industry.

关键词： Reactive dyed cotton waste reactive discoloration ionic liquid dissolution and regeneration recycling and reusing

Isochronous singing in 3 crested gibbon species(Nomascus spp.)

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Current zoology 2024年第3期70卷 291-297页

作者： Chiara De Gregorioa Teresa Raimondi Valeria Bevilacqua Chiara Pertosa Daria Valente Filippo Carugati Francesca Bandoli Livio Favaro Brice Lefaux andrea Ravignani Marco Gamba Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology University of Turinvia Accademia Albertina 13Torino 10125Italy Department of Biology University of PaduaVia VIII Febbraio2Padova 35122Italy Giardino zoologico di Pistoia Via Pieve a Celle160/APistoia 5110Italy Botanical and zoological Garden of Mulhouse 11 Av.de la 1ère Division BlindéeMulhouse 68100France Comparative Bioacoustics Group Max Planck Institute for PsycholinguisticsWundtlaan 1Nijmegen 6525 XDThe Netherlands Center for Music in the Brain Department of Clinical MedicineAarhus UniversityBuilding 1710Universitetsbyen 38000AarhusDenmark Department of Human Neuroscience Sapienza University of RomeViale Regina Elena 334Rome 00185Italy

The search for common characteristics between the musical abilities of humans and other animal species is still taking its frst *** of the most promising aspects from a comparative point of view is the analysis of rhythmic components,which are crucial features of human communicative performance but also well-identifable patterns in the vocal displays of other ***,the study of rhythm is becoming essential to understand the mechanisms of singing behavior and the evolution of human *** fndings provided evidence that particular rhythmic structures occur in human music and some singing animal species,such as birds and rock hyraxes,but only 2 species of nonhuman primates have been investigated so far(Indri indri and Hylobates lar).Therefore,our study aims to consistently broaden the list of species studied regarding the presence of rhythmic *** investigated the temporal organization in the singing of 3 species of crested gibbons(Nomascus gabriellae,Nomascus leucogenys,and Nomascus siki)and found that the most prominent rhythmic category was ***,we found slight variation in songs’tempo among species,with *** and *** singing with a temporal pattern involving a gradually increasing tempo(a musical accelerando),and *** with a more regular ***,we show how the prominence of a peak at the isochrony establishes itself as a shared characteristic in the small apes considered so far.

关键词： accelerando isochrony music rhythm singing primates song tempo